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{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|style=width: 600px;|
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|style=width: 600px;|
* [[William T. Adams]] <ref name=Manual />
* [[William T. Adams]] <ref name=Manual />
* [[Alexander H. Allen]]
* Alexander H. Allen
* [[John Allen]]
* John Allen
* [[William W. Amadon]]
* William W. Amadon
* [[Frank M. Ames]]
* Frank M. Ames
* [[Isaac A. Anthony]]
* Isaac A. Anthony
* [[E. Foster Bailey]]
* E. Foster Bailey
* [[John I. Baker]]
* John I. Baker
* [[Life Baldwin]]
* Life Baldwin
* [[Henry Barker]]
* Henry Barker
* [[John Barlow]]
* John Barlow
* [[William E. Barnes]]
* William E. Barnes
* [[George H. Barrett]]
* George H. Barrett
* [[William Bartlett]]
* William Bartlett
* [[Ezra Batcheller]]
* Ezra Batcheller
* [[Jacob Bates]]
* Jacob Bates
* [[Loring Bates]]
* Loring Bates
* [[Marcus Bates]]
* Marcus Bates
* [[Alfred Belden]]
* Alfred Belden
* [[Francis W. Bird]]
* Francis W. Bird
* [[Henry B. Blake]]
* Henry B. Blake
* [[Richard D. Blinn]]
* Richard D. Blinn
* [[Samuel G. Bowdlear]]
* Samuel G. Bowdlear
* [[Charles Bradley]]
* Charles Bradley
* [[Samuel P. Breed]]
* Samuel P. Breed
* [[Ezra C. Brett]]
* Ezra C. Brett
* [[Benjamin A. Bridges]]
* Benjamin A. Bridges
* [[Jethro C. Brock]]
* Jethro C. Brock
* [[William G. Brooks]]
* William G. Brooks
* [[John Brown]]
* John Brown
* [[Obadiah S. Brown]]
* Obadiah S. Brown
* [[Werden R. Brown]]
* Werden R. Brown
* [[Ferdinand L. Burley]]
* Ferdinand L. Burley
* [[Alvah A. Burrage]]
* Alvah A. Burrage
* [[Alfred A. Burrill]]
* Alfred A. Burrill
* [[Frederick Butler]]
* Frederick Butler
* [[Oliver S. Butler]]
* Oliver S. Butler
* [[Michael Carney]]
* Michael Carney
* [[Solomon Carter]]
* Solomon Carter
* [[Dennis Cawley, Jr]]
* Dennis Cawley, Jr
* [[Albert Chamberlin]]
* Albert Chamberlin
* [[Henry Chase]]
* Henry Chase
* [[Linus M. Child]]
* Linus M. Child
* [[William M. Child]]
* William M. Child
* [[Horace Choate]]
* Horace Choate
* [[Le Baron B. Church]]
* Le Baron B. Church
* [[Joseph N. Clark]]
* Joseph N. Clark
* [[Samuel Clark]]
* Samuel Clark
* [[Asa Clement]]
* Asa Clement
* [[Samuel Cloon]]
* Samuel Cloon
* [[Aury G. Coes]]
* Aury G. Coes
* [[Patrick A. Collins]]
* Patrick A. Collins
* [[Benjamin F. Cook]]
* Benjamin F. Cook
* [[George P. Cox]]
* George P. Cox
* [[Freeborn W. Cressey]]
* Freeborn W. Cressey
* [[Alanson Crittenden]]
* Alanson Crittenden
* [[Stephen M. Crosby]]
* Stephen M. Crosby
* [[James M. Cunliff]]
* James M. Cunliff
* [[Robert S. Daniels]]
* Robert S. Daniels
* [[Elnathan Davis]]
* Elnathan Davis
* [[William W. Davis]]
* William W. Davis
* [[Ebenezer Dawes]]
* Ebenezer Dawes
* [[John Dean]]
* John Dean
* [[Avery J. Denison]]
* Avery J. Denison
* [[Benjamin Dupar]]
* Benjamin Dupar
* [[J. Franklin Dyer]]
* J. Franklin Dyer
* [[William I. Edwards]]
* William I. Edwards
* [[Thomas Ellis]]
* Thomas Ellis
* [[Addison G. Fay]]
* Addison G. Fay
* [[Jacob Fisher]]
* Jacob Fisher
* [[Charles A. Fiske]]
* Charles A. Fiske
* [[William Fletcher]]
* William Fletcher
* [[James B. Francis]]
* James B. Francis
* [[Benjamin Franklin]]
* Benjamin Franklin
* [[Rodney French]]
* [[Rodney French]]
* [[Josiah O. Friend, Jr]]
* Josiah O. Friend, Jr
* [[Chauncey G. Fuller]]
* Chauncey G. Fuller
* [[George L. Gibbs]]
* George L. Gibbs
* [[Edwin Gilbert]]
* Edwin Gilbert
* [[Kimball C. Gleason]]
* Kimball C. Gleason
* [[Abijah W. Goddard]]
* Abijah W. Goddard
* [[Stephen D. Goddard]]
* Stephen D. Goddard
* [[John B. Goodrich]]
* John B. Goodrich
* [[Thomas H. Goodspeed]]
* Thomas H. Goodspeed
* [[Dennis J. Gorman]]
* Dennis J. Gorman
* [[Levi S. Gould]]
* [[Levi S. Gould]]
* [[Samuel H. Gould]]
* Samuel H. Gould
* [[Wesley A. Gove]]
* Wesley A. Gove
* [[William T. Grammar]]
* William T. Grammar
* [[C. S. Greenwood]]
* C. S. Greenwood
* [[Charles H. Guild]]
* Charles H. Guild
* [[Moses H. Hale]]
* Moses H. Hale
* [[Lyman S. Hapgood]]
* Lyman S. Hapgood
* [[R. P. A. Harris]]
* R. P. A. Harris
* [[Abraham G. Hart]]
* Abraham G. Hart
* [[Edward H. Hartshorn]]
* Edward H. Hartshorn
* [[Andrew L. Haskell]]
* Andrew L. Haskell
* [[William H. Haskell]]
* William H. Haskell
* [[Tilly Haynes]]
* Tilly Haynes
* [[James A. Hervey]]
* James A. Hervey
* [[James Hewes]]
* James Hewes
* [[Elmer Hewett]]
* Elmer Hewett
* [[Charles A. Hewins]]
* Charles A. Hewins
* [[William Hichborn]]
* William Hichborn
* [[Levi W. Hobart]]
* Levi W. Hobart
* [[Thorndike D. Hodges]]
* Thorndike D. Hodges
* [[Ambrous Hodgkins]]
* Ambrous Hodgkins
* [[Alvah Holway]]
* Alvah Holway
* [[James Horswell]]
* James Horswell
* [[Samuel Horton]]
* Samuel Horton
* [[Charles H. Hovey]]
* Charles H. Hovey
* [[George F. Howland]]
* George F. Howland
* [[James Humphrey]]
* James Humphrey
* [[Theodore C. Hurd]]
* Theodore C. Hurd
* [[Harvey Jewell]]
* [[Harvey Jewell]]
* [[Henri L. Johnson]]
* Henri L. Johnson
* [[Robert Johnson]]
* Robert Johnson
* [[Herbert C. Joyner]]
* Herbert C. Joyner
* [[Lewis S. Judd]]
* Lewis S. Judd
* [[Shubael B. Kelley]]
* Shubael B. Kelley
* [[William W. Kellogg]]
* William W. Kellogg
* [[Thomas G. Kent]]
* Thomas G. Kent
* [[Moses Kimball]]
* [[Moses Kimball]]
* [[Dexter S. King]]
* Dexter S. King
* [[Enoch King]]
* Enoch King
* [[Daniel W. Knight]]
* Daniel W. Knight
* [[Joseph S. Knight]]
* Joseph S. Knight
* [[Franklin C. Knox]]
* Franklin C. Knox
* [[David Lane]]
* David Lane
* [[Albert Langdon]]
* Albert Langdon
* [[Roger H. Leavitt]]
* Roger H. Leavitt
* [[Manning Leonard]]
* Manning Leonard
* [[Nahum Leonard, Jr]]
* Nahum Leonard, Jr
* [[William Livermore]]
* William Livermore
* [[Caleb Lombard]]
* Caleb Lombard
* [[Josiah Lord, Jr]]
* Josiah Lord, Jr
* [[Marcus M. Luther]]
* Marcus M. Luther
* [[Charles P. Lyon]]
* Charles P. Lyon
* [[Hugh A. Madden]]
* Hugh A. Madden
* [[Charles N. Marsh]]
* Charles N. Marsh
* [[Murdock Matheson]]
* Murdock Matheson
* [[Charles J. Mclntire]]
* Charles J. Mclntire
* [[William Melcher]]
* William Melcher
* [[William R. Melden]]
* William R. Melden
* [[Charles H. Merriam]]
* Charles H. Merriam
* [[John M. Merrick]]
* John M. Merrick
* [[Moody Merrill]]
* Moody Merrill
* [[William H. Merritt]]
* William H. Merritt
* [[Lansing Millis]]
* Lansing Millis
* [[Eben Mitchell]]
* Eben Mitchell
* [[Elliott Montague]]
* Elliott Montague
* [[Lyman E. Moore]]
* Lyman E. Moore
* [[Asa P. Morse]]
* Asa P. Morse
* [[F. H. Morse]]
* F. H. Morse
* [[James R. Morse]]
* James R. Morse
* [[Newton Morse]]
* Newton Morse
* [[Edwin Mudge]]
* Edwin Mudge
* [[Nathaniel C. Nash]]
* Nathaniel C. Nash
* [[Henry J. Nazro]]
* Henry J. Nazro
* [[Thomas L. Nelson]]
* [[Thomas L. Nelson]]
* [[Daniel H. Newton]]
* Daniel H. Newton
* [[Jeremiah L. Newton]]
* Jeremiah L. Newton
* [[George K. Nichols]]
* George K. Nichols
* [[William W. Nichols]]
* William W. Nichols
* [[Francis A. Nye]]
* Francis A. Nye
* [[John P. Ober]]
* John P. Ober
* [[Weaver Osborn]]
* Weaver Osborn
* [[Rufus S. Owen]]
* Rufus S. Owen
* [[Samuel S. Paine]]
* Samuel S. Paine
* [[William H. Parker]]
* William H. Parker
* [[John C. Peak]]
* John C. Peak
* [[Joseph D. Peirce]]
* Joseph D. Peirce
* [[Francis A. Perry]]
* Francis A. Perry
* [[M. C. Phipps]]
* M. C. Phipps
* [[A. A. Plimpton]]
* A. A. Plimpton
* [[Avery Plumer]]
* Avery Plumer
* [[Thomas F. Plunkett]]
* Thomas F. Plunkett
* [[Thomas K. Plunkett]]
* Thomas K. Plunkett
* [[Augustus Pratt]]
* Augustus Pratt
* [[Joseph A. Priest]]
* Joseph A. Priest
* [[Asabel D. Puffer]]
* Asabel D. Puffer
* [[Caleb Rand]]
* Caleb Rand
* [[Eduar H. Reed]]
* Eduar H. Reed
* [[Ezra Rice]]
* Ezra Rice
* [[Otis Rich]]
* Otis Rich
* [[James Ritchie]]
* James Ritchie
* [[James H. Roberts]]
* James H. Roberts
* [[Isaiah F. Robinson]]
* Isaiah F. Robinson
* [[Ensign B. Rogers]]
* Ensign B. Rogers
* [[Joseph N. Rolfe]]
* Joseph N. Rolfe
* [[John Runey]]
* John Runey
* [[Augustine K. Russell]]
* Augustine K. Russell
* [[William A. Russell]]
* [[William A. Russell (Massachusetts politician)|William A. Russell]]
* [[George J. Sanger]]
* George J. Sanger
* [[Joseph L. Sargent]]
* Joseph L. Sargent
* [[Samuel D. Sawin]]
* Samuel D. Sawin
* [[Clark Sears]]
* Clark Sears
* [[John N. Sherman]]
* John N. Sherman
* [[Lemuel B. Simmons]]
* Lemuel B. Simmons
* [[Rufus S. Slade]]
* Rufus S. Slade
* [[Abner L. Smith]]
* Abner L. Smith
* [[Edward Smith]]
* Edward Smith
* [[Horace Smith]]
* Horace Smith
* [[Iram Smith]]
* Iram Smith
* [[John James Smith|John J. Smith]] <ref>{{citation |url= http://mastatelibrary.blogspot.com/2013/03/massachusetts-legislators-john-james.html |author= Kaitlin Connolly |title= Massachusetts Legislators: John James Smith |date= March 4, 2013 |work= State Library of Massachusetts blog }}</ref><ref name=black2010>{{citation |title=Black Legislators in the Massachusetts General Court: 1867-Present |hdl=2452/48905 |publisher= State Library of Massachusetts |year=2010 }}</ref>
* [[John James Smith (Massachusetts legislator)|John J. Smith]] <ref>{{citation |url= http://mastatelibrary.blogspot.com/2013/03/massachusetts-legislators-john-james.html |author= Kaitlin Connolly |title= Massachusetts Legislators: John James Smith |date= March 4, 2013 |work= State Library of Massachusetts blog }}</ref><ref name=black2010>{{citation |title=Black Legislators in the Massachusetts General Court: 1867-Present |hdl=2452/48905 |publisher= State Library of Massachusetts |year=2010 }}</ref>
* [[Martin L. Smith]]
* Martin L. Smith
* [[Willis Smith]]
* Willis Smith
* [[Charles W. Soule]]
* Charles W. Soule
* [[Welcome W. Sprague]]
* Welcome W. Sprague
* [[L. Miles Standish]]
* L. Miles Standish
* [[Haynes K. Starkweather]]
* Haynes K. Starkweather
* [[Eliphalet Stone]]
* [[Eliphalet Stone (Massachusetts)|Eliphalet Stone]]
* [[Edward Stowell]]
* Edward Stowell
* [[Joseph A. Stranger]]
* Joseph A. Stranger
* [[Ruel F. Thayer]]
* Ruel F. Thayer
* [[Shepherd Thayer]]
* Shepherd Thayer
* [[Justus Tower]]
* Justus Tower
* [[S. K. Towle]]
* S. K. Towle
* [[William P. Tyler]]
* William P. Tyler
* [[Joseph Vaill]]
* Joseph Vaill
* [[Welcome H. Wales]]
* Welcome H. Wales
* [[S. H. Walker]]
* S. H. Walker
* [[Royal S. Warren]]
* Royal S. Warren
* [[Thomas S. Waters]]
* Thomas S. Waters
* [[Jerome Wells]]
* Jerome Wells
* [[Henry White]]
* Henry White
* [[D. Dwight Whitmore]]
* D. Dwight Whitmore
* [[Emerson Wight]]
* Emerson Wight
* [[Charles Wilcox]]
* Charles Wilcox
* [[Salem Wilder]]
* Salem Wilder
* [[Alfred M. Williams]]
* Alfred M. Williams
* [[Warren Williams]]
* Warren Williams
* [[Samuel S. Willson]]
* Samuel S. Willson
* [[James Wilson]]
* James Wilson
* [[William D. Witherell]]
* William D. Witherell
* [[Orlow Wolcott]]
* Orlow Wolcott
* [[George M. Woodward]]
* George M. Woodward
* [[David T. Woodwell]]
* David T. Woodwell
* [[Luther A. Wright]]
* Luther A. Wright
* [[P. Ambrose Young]]
* P. Ambrose Young
}}
}}



Revision as of 08:23, 14 June 2020

90th
Massachusetts General Court
89th 91st
Overview
Legislative bodyGeneral Court
TermJanuary 6, 1869 (1869-01-06) – June 24, 1869 (1869-06-24) [1]
Senate
Members40
PresidentGeorge O. Brastow
Party controlRepublican[2]
House
Members240
SpeakerHarvey Jewell
Party controlRepublican[3]
George O. Brastow
George Brastow, Senate president.
Harvey Jewell
Harvey Jewell, House speaker.
Leaders of the Massachusetts General Court, 1869.

The 90th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1869 during the governorship of William Claflin. George O. Brastow and Robert Carter Pitman served as presidents of the Senate and Harvey Jewell served as speaker of the House.[4][5]

Notable events include the creation of a Joint Special Committee on Woman Suffrage.[6]

Senators

  • Nathaniel E. Atwood [7]
  • George O. Brastow
  • George M. Buttrick
  • Horace H Coolidge
  • Samuel D. Crane
  • Benjamin Dean
  • Francis H. Dewey
  • Edmund Dowse
  • Alonzo M. Giles
  • Whiting Griswold
  • John B. Hathaway
  • Francis A. Hobart
  • Nathaniel J. Holden
  • Estes Howe
  • George A. King
  • Richmond Kingman
  • C. J. Kittredge
  • Lucius J. Knowles
  • Charles R. Ladd
  • John H. Lockey
  • Charles Marsh
  • Joshua N. Marshall
  • Charles R. McLean
  • George H. Monroe
  • Ellis W. Morton
  • Daniel Needham
  • Julius A. Palmer
  • Robert C. Pitman
  • Richard Plumer
  • Joseph G. Pollard
  • Joseph G. Ray
  • O. H. P. Smith
  • George H. Sweetser
  • George S. Taylor
  • Edward A. Thomas
  • J. Scott Todd
  • Harrison Tweed
  • Gershom B. Weston
  • Charles A. Wheelock
  • Jonathan White

Representatives

  • William T. Adams [7]
  • Alexander H. Allen
  • John Allen
  • William W. Amadon
  • Frank M. Ames
  • Isaac A. Anthony
  • E. Foster Bailey
  • John I. Baker
  • Life Baldwin
  • Henry Barker
  • John Barlow
  • William E. Barnes
  • George H. Barrett
  • William Bartlett
  • Ezra Batcheller
  • Jacob Bates
  • Loring Bates
  • Marcus Bates
  • Alfred Belden
  • Francis W. Bird
  • Henry B. Blake
  • Richard D. Blinn
  • Samuel G. Bowdlear
  • Charles Bradley
  • Samuel P. Breed
  • Ezra C. Brett
  • Benjamin A. Bridges
  • Jethro C. Brock
  • William G. Brooks
  • John Brown
  • Obadiah S. Brown
  • Werden R. Brown
  • Ferdinand L. Burley
  • Alvah A. Burrage
  • Alfred A. Burrill
  • Frederick Butler
  • Oliver S. Butler
  • Michael Carney
  • Solomon Carter
  • Dennis Cawley, Jr
  • Albert Chamberlin
  • Henry Chase
  • Linus M. Child
  • William M. Child
  • Horace Choate
  • Le Baron B. Church
  • Joseph N. Clark
  • Samuel Clark
  • Asa Clement
  • Samuel Cloon
  • Aury G. Coes
  • Patrick A. Collins
  • Benjamin F. Cook
  • George P. Cox
  • Freeborn W. Cressey
  • Alanson Crittenden
  • Stephen M. Crosby
  • James M. Cunliff
  • Robert S. Daniels
  • Elnathan Davis
  • William W. Davis
  • Ebenezer Dawes
  • John Dean
  • Avery J. Denison
  • Benjamin Dupar
  • J. Franklin Dyer
  • William I. Edwards
  • Thomas Ellis
  • Addison G. Fay
  • Jacob Fisher
  • Charles A. Fiske
  • William Fletcher
  • James B. Francis
  • Benjamin Franklin
  • Rodney French
  • Josiah O. Friend, Jr
  • Chauncey G. Fuller
  • George L. Gibbs
  • Edwin Gilbert
  • Kimball C. Gleason
  • Abijah W. Goddard
  • Stephen D. Goddard
  • John B. Goodrich
  • Thomas H. Goodspeed
  • Dennis J. Gorman
  • Levi S. Gould
  • Samuel H. Gould
  • Wesley A. Gove
  • William T. Grammar
  • C. S. Greenwood
  • Charles H. Guild
  • Moses H. Hale
  • Lyman S. Hapgood
  • R. P. A. Harris
  • Abraham G. Hart
  • Edward H. Hartshorn
  • Andrew L. Haskell
  • William H. Haskell
  • Tilly Haynes
  • James A. Hervey
  • James Hewes
  • Elmer Hewett
  • Charles A. Hewins
  • William Hichborn
  • Levi W. Hobart
  • Thorndike D. Hodges
  • Ambrous Hodgkins
  • Alvah Holway
  • James Horswell
  • Samuel Horton
  • Charles H. Hovey
  • George F. Howland
  • James Humphrey
  • Theodore C. Hurd
  • Harvey Jewell
  • Henri L. Johnson
  • Robert Johnson
  • Herbert C. Joyner
  • Lewis S. Judd
  • Shubael B. Kelley
  • William W. Kellogg
  • Thomas G. Kent
  • Moses Kimball
  • Dexter S. King
  • Enoch King
  • Daniel W. Knight
  • Joseph S. Knight
  • Franklin C. Knox
  • David Lane
  • Albert Langdon
  • Roger H. Leavitt
  • Manning Leonard
  • Nahum Leonard, Jr
  • William Livermore
  • Caleb Lombard
  • Josiah Lord, Jr
  • Marcus M. Luther
  • Charles P. Lyon
  • Hugh A. Madden
  • Charles N. Marsh
  • Murdock Matheson
  • Charles J. Mclntire
  • William Melcher
  • William R. Melden
  • Charles H. Merriam
  • John M. Merrick
  • Moody Merrill
  • William H. Merritt
  • Lansing Millis
  • Eben Mitchell
  • Elliott Montague
  • Lyman E. Moore
  • Asa P. Morse
  • F. H. Morse
  • James R. Morse
  • Newton Morse
  • Edwin Mudge
  • Nathaniel C. Nash
  • Henry J. Nazro
  • Thomas L. Nelson
  • Daniel H. Newton
  • Jeremiah L. Newton
  • George K. Nichols
  • William W. Nichols
  • Francis A. Nye
  • John P. Ober
  • Weaver Osborn
  • Rufus S. Owen
  • Samuel S. Paine
  • William H. Parker
  • John C. Peak
  • Joseph D. Peirce
  • Francis A. Perry
  • M. C. Phipps
  • A. A. Plimpton
  • Avery Plumer
  • Thomas F. Plunkett
  • Thomas K. Plunkett
  • Augustus Pratt
  • Joseph A. Priest
  • Asabel D. Puffer
  • Caleb Rand
  • Eduar H. Reed
  • Ezra Rice
  • Otis Rich
  • James Ritchie
  • James H. Roberts
  • Isaiah F. Robinson
  • Ensign B. Rogers
  • Joseph N. Rolfe
  • John Runey
  • Augustine K. Russell
  • William A. Russell
  • George J. Sanger
  • Joseph L. Sargent
  • Samuel D. Sawin
  • Clark Sears
  • John N. Sherman
  • Lemuel B. Simmons
  • Rufus S. Slade
  • Abner L. Smith
  • Edward Smith
  • Horace Smith
  • Iram Smith
  • John J. Smith [8][9]
  • Martin L. Smith
  • Willis Smith
  • Charles W. Soule
  • Welcome W. Sprague
  • L. Miles Standish
  • Haynes K. Starkweather
  • Eliphalet Stone
  • Edward Stowell
  • Joseph A. Stranger
  • Ruel F. Thayer
  • Shepherd Thayer
  • Justus Tower
  • S. K. Towle
  • William P. Tyler
  • Joseph Vaill
  • Welcome H. Wales
  • S. H. Walker
  • Royal S. Warren
  • Thomas S. Waters
  • Jerome Wells
  • Henry White
  • D. Dwight Whitmore
  • Emerson Wight
  • Charles Wilcox
  • Salem Wilder
  • Alfred M. Williams
  • Warren Williams
  • Samuel S. Willson
  • James Wilson
  • William D. Witherell
  • Orlow Wolcott
  • George M. Woodward
  • David T. Woodwell
  • Luther A. Wright
  • P. Ambrose Young

See also

References

  1. ^ "Length of Legislative Sessions". Manual for the Use of the General Court. Boston: Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2009. p. 348+. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Composition of the Massachusetts State Senate", Resources on Massachusetts Political Figures in the State Library, Mass.gov, archived from the original on June 6, 2020
  3. ^ "Composition of the State of Massachusetts House of Representatives", Resources on Massachusetts Political Figures in the State Library, Mass.gov, archived from the original on June 6, 2020
  4. ^ "Organization of the Legislature Since 1780". Manual for the Use of the General Court. Boston: Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2009. p. 340+. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "Government of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts". Massachusetts Register, 1869 – via Archive.org. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ Kaitlin Connolly (September 24, 2012), "Women's Suffrage Movement in Massachusetts", State Library of Massachusetts blog
  7. ^ a b Manual for the Use of the General Court. Boston: Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 1869. hdl:2452/40647.
  8. ^ Kaitlin Connolly (March 4, 2013), "Massachusetts Legislators: John James Smith", State Library of Massachusetts blog
  9. ^ Black Legislators in the Massachusetts General Court: 1867-Present, State Library of Massachusetts, 2010, hdl:2452/48905

Further reading

  • "Massachusetts". American Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1869. New York: D. Appleton and Company. 1870. {{cite book}}: External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help) (includes description of legislature)