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According to a family friend, the young Joplin was serious and ambitious, studying music and playing the piano after school. While a few local teachers aided him, he received most of his musical education from [[Julius Weiss]], a [[History of the Jews in Germany|German-born]] [[American Jews|American Jewish]] music professor who had immigrated to Texas in the late 1860s and was employed as music tutor by a prominent local business family.<ref name="Albrecht">[[Scott Joplin#Albrecht|Albrecht (1979)]] pp. 89–105.</ref> Weiss, as described by ''[[San Diego Jewish World]]'' writer Eric George Tauber, "was no stranger to [receiving] race hatred... As a German Jew, he was often slapped and called a “Christ-killer."<ref>[http://www.sdjewishworld.com/2014/09/28/play-scott-joplin-electrifying/ "Play about Scott Joplin is electrifying."] Tauber, Eric George. ''[[San Diego Jewish World]].'' www.sdjewishworld.com. Published September 28, 2014. Accessed November 6, 2017.</ref> Weiss had studied music at a German university and was listed in town records as a professor of music. Impressed by Joplin's talent, and realizing the Joplin family's dire straits, Weiss taught him free of charge. While tutoring the 11-year-old Joplin until age 16, Weiss introduced him to [[Folk music|folk]] and classical music, including opera. Weiss helped Joplin appreciate music as an "art as well as an entertainment,"<ref name="Berlin7-8">[[Scott Joplin#Berlin|Berlin (1994)]] pp. 7–8.</ref> and helped Florence acquire a used piano. According to Weiss' wife Lottie, Joplin never forgot Weiss. In his later years, after achieving fame as a composer, Joplin sent his former teacher "...gifts of money when he was old and ill" until Weiss died.<ref name="Albrecht" /> At the age of 16, Joplin performed in a vocal quartet with three other boys in and around Texarkana, also playing piano. He also taught guitar and mandolin.<ref name="Berlin7-8" />
According to a family friend, the young Joplin was serious and ambitious, studying music and playing the piano after school. While a few local teachers aided him, he received most of his musical education from [[Julius Weiss]], a [[History of the Jews in Germany|German-born]] [[American Jews|American Jewish]] music professor who had immigrated to Texas in the late 1860s and was employed as music tutor by a prominent local business family.<ref name="Albrecht">[[Scott Joplin#Albrecht|Albrecht (1979)]] pp. 89–105.</ref> Weiss, as described by ''[[San Diego Jewish World]]'' writer Eric George Tauber, "was no stranger to [receiving] race hatred... As a German Jew, he was often slapped and called a “Christ-killer."<ref>[http://www.sdjewishworld.com/2014/09/28/play-scott-joplin-electrifying/ "Play about Scott Joplin is electrifying."] Tauber, Eric George. ''[[San Diego Jewish World]].'' www.sdjewishworld.com. Published September 28, 2014. Accessed November 6, 2017.</ref> Weiss had studied music at a German university and was listed in town records as a professor of music. Impressed by Joplin's talent, and realizing the Joplin family's dire straits, Weiss taught him free of charge. While tutoring the 11-year-old Joplin until age 16, Weiss introduced him to [[Folk music|folk]] and classical music, including opera. Weiss helped Joplin appreciate music as an "art as well as an entertainment,"<ref name="Berlin7-8">[[Scott Joplin#Berlin|Berlin (1994)]] pp. 7–8.</ref> and helped Florence acquire a used piano. According to Weiss' wife Lottie, Joplin never forgot Weiss. In his later years, after achieving fame as a composer, Joplin sent his former teacher "...gifts of money when he was old and ill" until Weiss died.<ref name="Albrecht" /> At the age of 16, Joplin performed in a vocal quartet with three other boys in and around Texarkana, also playing piano. He also taught guitar and mandolin.<ref name="Berlin7-8" />


Life in St Louis

After the Joplins moved to [[St. Louis]] in early 1900, they had a baby daughter who died only a few months after birth. Joplin's relationship with his wife was difficult, as she had no interest in music. They eventually separated and then divorced.<ref name="Ryerson">[[Scott Joplin#Ryerson|Ryerson (1973)]]</ref> About this time, Joplin collaborated with Scott Hayden in the composition of four rags.<ref name="Jasen88">[[Scott Joplin#J&T|Jasen & Tichenor (1978)]] p. 88</ref> It was in St. Louis that Joplin produced some of his best-known works, including "[[The Entertainer (rag)|The Entertainer]]", "March Majestic", and the short theatrical work "[[The Ragtime Dance]]". By 1903 the Joplins had moved to a 13-room house, renting some of the rooms to lodgers which included panist-composers Arthur Marshall and Scott Hayden. Joplin did not work as a pianist in the saloons in St Louis, which was usually a major source of income for musicians, as he was "probably outclassed by the competiton" and was, according to Stark's son "a mediocre pianist". By 1903 Berlin speculates that Joplin was already showing early signs of the syphilis which negatively affected his coordination and "pianistic skills" <ref>{{Cite book|last=Berlin|first=Edward|title=King of Ragtime|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1994|isbn=0-19-510108-1|location=New York|pages=103-4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Berlin|first=Ed|date=|title=Scott Joplin - the man and his music|url=https://www.scottjoplin.org/joplin-biography.html|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=06/14/2020|website=Scott Joplin Ragtime Festival}}</ref>.


References
References

Revision as of 16:40, 14 June 2020

Early life

Joplin was the second of six children[1] born to Giles Joplin, an ex-slave from North Carolina, and Florence Givens, a freeborn African-American woman from Kentucky.[2][3][4]. His birth date was accepted by early biographers Blesh and Haskins as Novermber 24, 1868[5] [6], although later biographer Berlin showed this was "almost certainly incorrect"[7]. There is disagreement over his exact place of birth in Texas, with Blesh identifying Texarkana, Texas[8], and Berlin showing the earliest record of Joplin being the June 1870 census which locates him in Linden, Texas as a two-year old.[9] [10]

By 1880 The Joplins moved to Texarkana, Arkansas, where Giles worked as a railroad laborer and Florence as a cleaner. As Joplin's father had played the violin for plantation parties in North Carolina, and his mother sang and played the banjo,[1] he was given a rudimentary musical education by his family, and from the age of seven, he was allowed to play the piano while his mother cleaned.[11]

At some point in the early 1880s, Giles Joplin left the family for another woman, and Florence struggled to support her children through domestic work. Biographer Susan Curtis speculates that Florence's support of her son's musical education was a critical factor behind her separation from Giles, who wanted the boy to pursue practical employment that would supplement the family income.[12]

According to a family friend, the young Joplin was serious and ambitious, studying music and playing the piano after school. While a few local teachers aided him, he received most of his musical education from Julius Weiss, a German-born American Jewish music professor who had immigrated to Texas in the late 1860s and was employed as music tutor by a prominent local business family.[13] Weiss, as described by San Diego Jewish World writer Eric George Tauber, "was no stranger to [receiving] race hatred... As a German Jew, he was often slapped and called a “Christ-killer."[14] Weiss had studied music at a German university and was listed in town records as a professor of music. Impressed by Joplin's talent, and realizing the Joplin family's dire straits, Weiss taught him free of charge. While tutoring the 11-year-old Joplin until age 16, Weiss introduced him to folk and classical music, including opera. Weiss helped Joplin appreciate music as an "art as well as an entertainment,"[15] and helped Florence acquire a used piano. According to Weiss' wife Lottie, Joplin never forgot Weiss. In his later years, after achieving fame as a composer, Joplin sent his former teacher "...gifts of money when he was old and ill" until Weiss died.[13] At the age of 16, Joplin performed in a vocal quartet with three other boys in and around Texarkana, also playing piano. He also taught guitar and mandolin.[15]

Life in St Louis

After the Joplins moved to St. Louis in early 1900, they had a baby daughter who died only a few months after birth. Joplin's relationship with his wife was difficult, as she had no interest in music. They eventually separated and then divorced.[16] About this time, Joplin collaborated with Scott Hayden in the composition of four rags.[17] It was in St. Louis that Joplin produced some of his best-known works, including "The Entertainer", "March Majestic", and the short theatrical work "The Ragtime Dance". By 1903 the Joplins had moved to a 13-room house, renting some of the rooms to lodgers which included panist-composers Arthur Marshall and Scott Hayden. Joplin did not work as a pianist in the saloons in St Louis, which was usually a major source of income for musicians, as he was "probably outclassed by the competiton" and was, according to Stark's son "a mediocre pianist". By 1903 Berlin speculates that Joplin was already showing early signs of the syphilis which negatively affected his coordination and "pianistic skills" [18][19].

References

  1. ^ a b Jasen, David A. (2007). Ragtime: An Encyclopedia, Discography, and Sheetography. New York: Taylor & Francis. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-415-97862-0. Retrieved 2013-02-24.
  2. ^ Jasen & Tichenor (1978) p. 82.
  3. ^ "Scott Joplin". Texas Music History Online. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved November 22, 2006.
  4. ^ Morath (2005), p. 32.
  5. ^ Haskins, James (1980). Scott Joplin. Briarcliff Manor, NY: Scarborough. p. 32. ISBN 0-8128-6066-7.
  6. ^ Blesh, Rudi (1981). Brodsky (ed.). Scott Joplin: Black-American Classicist. New York: New York Public Library. pp. xiv. ISBN 0-87104-272-X. {{cite book}}: |first2= missing |last2= (help)
  7. ^ Berlin, Edward (1994). King of Ragtime. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 4. ISBN 0-19-510108-1.
  8. ^ Blesh, Rudi (1981). Brodsky (ed.). Scott Joplin: Black-American Classicist. New York: New York Public Library. pp. xiv. ISBN 0-87104-272-X. {{cite book}}: |first2= missing |last2= (help)
  9. ^ Berlin, Ed. "Scott Joplin - the man and his music". Scott Joplin Ragtime Festival. Retrieved 06/14/2020. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ Berlin, Edward (1994). King of Ragtime. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 4–5. ISBN 0-19-510108-1.
  11. ^ Berlin (1994) p. 6.
  12. ^ Curtis (2004) p. 38.
  13. ^ a b Albrecht (1979) pp. 89–105.
  14. ^ "Play about Scott Joplin is electrifying." Tauber, Eric George. San Diego Jewish World. www.sdjewishworld.com. Published September 28, 2014. Accessed November 6, 2017.
  15. ^ a b Berlin (1994) pp. 7–8.
  16. ^ Ryerson (1973)
  17. ^ Jasen & Tichenor (1978) p. 88
  18. ^ Berlin, Edward (1994). King of Ragtime. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 103–4. ISBN 0-19-510108-1.
  19. ^ Berlin, Ed. "Scott Joplin - the man and his music". Scott Joplin Ragtime Festival. Retrieved 06/14/2020. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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