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This page features complex syntax that interacts with User:JL-Bot in tricky ways to produce the WP:CITEWATCH compilation. If you're not familiar with this page or User:JL-Bot, discuss improvements and suggestions on the talk page.

Disclaimer / Warning

Shortcut

WP:CITEWATCH/SETUP

This is the setup page of The Wikipedia CiteWatch, a bot-compiled listing of potentially cargo cult, conspiracist, denialist, fake, junk, not even wrong, obsolete, predatory, pseudoscientific, quack, or otherwise unreliable publications cited by Wikipedia through the |journal= parameter of citation templates (see this Signpost article for details). It is based on several lists of unreliable or questionable publications (such as those compiled by Jeffrey Beall, the University Grants Commission, Quackwatch, or Wikipedia editors). See Q9 in the FAQ for the update schedule.

This list is a starting point to detect unreliable sources which are cited by Wikipedia, but it does not answer whether it is appropriate to cite them. Due to the somewhat arbitrary nature of what exactly constitutes an unreliable source, as well as imperfect matching algorithms, the list may feature publications and publishers which...

are flat-out promoting pseudo/junk scholarship or quackery
are flat-out predatory/vanity venues, with sham peer-review processes
were once-reliable, but have since been acquired by predatory publishers
were once-unreliable, but no longer engage in problematic practices
reflect the sources' good but imperfect judgment of what is unreliable
are problematic in some areas (e.g. pseudoscience), but reliable in others (e.g. news)
are problematic in some other way (e.g. circular references, or deprecated sources)
are problematic but used in an acceptable manner (e.g. primary sources about frauds)
are misclassified because of a spelling variation (red links especially)
are misclassified because of false positives, miscategorization, or flawed bot logic
are reliable, but share names with imposter publications and publishers
are about pseudoscholarship as a topic, rather than being pseudoscholarly themselves

While many, if not most, publications and publishers on this list have some questionable aspects to their publishing practices, these can still be reliable (or be otherwise acceptable) in limited circumstances. The CiteWatch cannot determine the full context in which a source is used, therefore use common sense and judgement before removing a citation from an article (see Q8 in the FAQ). When in doubt, discuss things on the article's talk page or at the reliable sources noticeboard – especially before a mass purge of a source. The Unreliable/Predatory Source Detector user script may also interest you.

Additions and removals from the listing – including false positives – can be discussed at WT:CITEWATCH. False positives can also be directly handled at WP:JCW/EXCLUDE.

Table of Contents
Disclaimer				Sources			Syntax			Unreliable fields			Mirrors and forks			Self-published			Unpublished			Hijacked			WP:RSP
Publishers	Misc	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
Journals	Misc	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
Note: Use #A1 (e.g. User:JL-Bot/Questionable.cfg#A1) to create links to a publisher section, use #A2 (e.g. User:JL-Bot/Questionable.cfg#A2) to create links to a journal section.

Note: Many entries on this list will be things that should not normally in found in a |journal= parameter. They are included for two main reasons:

poor template usage – for example, if a website/publisher is put in a journal parameter by mistake (|journal=UnreliableWebsite.com) these will be picked up
redirect detection – oftentimes Wikipedia will not have an article about a specific journal, but it will have a redirect to its publisher (Unreliable Journal → Foo Society of Nonsense) or some other relevant article (Unreliable Journal → Founding editor)

Sources

The CiteWatch is based on a variety of sources:

Bohannon – John Bohannon's 2015 list of hijacked journals
BLJ/BLJU – Beall's List of predatory journals (Archived 2019-07-24 at the Wayback Machine) (BLJ = Original list, BLJU = Updated list)
BLP/BLPU – Beall's List of predatory publishers (Archived 2019-10-24 at the Wayback Machine) (BLP = Original list, BLPU = Updated list)
BLH/BLHU – Beall's List of hijacked journals (Archived 2019-07-17 at the Wayback Machine) (BLH = Original list, BLHU = Updated list)
BLV – Beall's list of vanity presses (Archived 2019-11-19 at Google Cache). Not by Beall, but by the person that maintains the new list.
CIRC – Circular references to Wikipedia, including mirrors and forks
DEPS – Sources deprecated by Wikipedia
DOAJ – Journals lying about being included in the DOAJ
RSPGU – Sources rated as "generally unreliable" on Wikipedia:Reliable sources/Perennial sources
QW – Quackwatch's list of non-recommended periodicals
SELF – Self-published sources and vanity publications
SPJJ – Stop Predatory Journals's list of predatory journals (is a mirror of Beall's original list, only differences are mentionned here)
SPJP – Stop Predatory Journals's list of predatory publishers (is a mirror of Beall's original list, only differences are mentionned here)
SPJH – Stop Predatory Journals's list of hijacked journals (is a mirror of Beall's original list, only differences are mentionned here)
URF – Sources from notoriously un-reliable fields
As well as a variety of expert testimonials detailing the poor standards of certain publications.

Many things listed here won't be journals (e.g. magazines, websites, books), but it helps to list them here in case they get cited as a journal by mistake. If someone has access to Cabell's blacklist, the journals listed there could be added as well.

Syntax

The format is

{{JCW-selected|<TARGET1>|<TARGET2>|...|doi=<DOIPREFIX>|source=<SOURCE>|note=<NOTE>}}

where <DOIPREFIX> is the doi prefix (the 10.xxxx part of 10.xxxx/....) associated with a publisher, <SOURCE> is any of the codes above, or a plain URL in brackets ([https://www.example.com]). Multiple codes should be separated with a comma BLJ, DOAJ, [1]. <NOTE> should be a short explanation if there is something special about that entry, like a legitimate journal sharing a name with a problematic one.

See {{JCW-selected}} for more information and tips on how to add entries to the CiteWatch.

Unreliable fields

Note: Most of these categories don't contain publications themselves, but are listed so that publications that redirect to unreliable people and organizations (e.g. Progress in Complexity, Information, and Design → International Society for Complexity, Information, and Design) get included in the compilation.

Alchemy (URF)

Alternative medicine (URF)

Anti-vaccine movement (URF)

Astrology (URF)

Blog hosting services (SELF) [See WP:BLOGS.]
- Category:Blog hosting services
- Blog

Case report
- .*Case Rep.*

Case report (URF) [Case reports may be perfectly fine citations, however they will usually fail WP:MEDRS as individual cases are considered anecdotal evidence.]
- Category:Case report journals

Chiropractic (URF)

Conspiracy theory (URF)

Creationism
- .*Creation Sci.*
- .*Baramin.*
- Intelligent Design.*
- .*Young Earth.*

Creationism (URF)

Cryptozoology (URF)

Fad diet (URF)

Fake news (URF)

Genocide denial (URF)

HIV/AIDS denialism (URF)

Holocaust denial (URF)

Homeopathy (URF)

Parapsychology (URF) [Several skeptical publications setting out to debunk rather than promote nonsensical claims may be included here.]

Predatory publishing (URF)

Predatory publishing (Unknown)
- {{doi|10.5772}}
- {{doi|10.15406}}

Propaganda (URF)

Pseudo-scholarship (URF)

Superseded theories in science (URF)

Tabloid journalism (URF)
- Category:National Enquirer
- Category:Supermarket tabloids

Ufology (URF)

Mirrors and forks

Wikipedia:Mirrors and forks (CIRC) [Many entries are listed for mirroring small excerpts only.]

Self-published

Wikipedia:List of companies engaged in the self-publishing business (SELF)

Unpublished

Unpublished
- .*Accepted.*
- .*In Press.*
- .*Forthcoming.*
- .*Submitted.*
- .*To appear.*
- .*To be published.*
- .*Unpublished.*
- !Penguin Press!

WP:RSP

Advameg (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Advameg.]
- City-Data

AlterNet (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#AlterNet.]

Amazon (company) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Amazon.]
- Amazon

Anadolu Agency (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Anadolu Agency, debatable for general topics, unreliable for controversial topics and international politics.]

Ancestry.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Ancestry.com.]

Answers.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Answers.com.]

arXiv (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#arXiv.]

Baidu Baike (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Baidu Baike.]

Bild (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Bild.]

Blaze Media (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Blaze Media. Blaze could also refer to a kids magazine or the official magazine of the Calgary Flames.]
- CRTV
- Conservative Review

Blogger (service) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Blogger.]
- Blogger

CelebrityNetWorth (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#CelebrityNetWorth.]

Centre for Research on Globalization (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Centre for Research on Globalization.]

CESNUR (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#CESNUR.]

CoinDesk (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#CoinDesk.]

Cracked.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Cracked.com.]
- Cracked (magazine)

Daily Express (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Daily Express.]

Daily Kos (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Daily Kos.]

Daily Star (United Kingdom) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Daily Star.]
- Daily Star

Discogs (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Discogs.]

Examiner.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Examiner.com.]

Facebook (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Facebook.]

FamilySearch (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#FamilySearch.]

Famous Birthdays (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Famous Birthdays.]

Find a Grave (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Find a Grave.]

Findmypast (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Findmypast.]

Forbes (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Forbes.com contributors, staff is reliable, contributors are not.]

Gawker (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Gawker.]

Geni.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Geni.com.]

Goodreads (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Goodreads.]

Guido Fawkes (website) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Guido Fawkes.]

HuffPost (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#HuffPost contributors, staff is debatable, contributors/editorial partners are not reliable.]

IMDb (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#IMDb.]

Independent Media Center (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#IMDb.]
- Indymedia

International Business Times (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#International Business Times.]

Jewish Virtual Library (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Jewish Virtual Library.]

Know Your Meme (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Know Your Meme.]

LiveJournal (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#LiveJournal.]

LiveLeak (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#LiveLeak.]

Lulu.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Lulu.com.]
- Lulu
- Lulu Press

Marquis Who's Who (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Marquis Who's Who.]

Media Bias/Fact Check (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Media Bias/Fact Check.]

Media Research Center (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Media Research Center.]

Medium (website) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Medium.]
- Medium

Metro (British newspaper) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Metro.]
- Metro

MyLife (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#MyLife.]
- Reunion.com

Natural News (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Natural News.]
- NewsTarget

News of the World (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#News of the World.]

OpIndia (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#OpIndia.]

PanAm Post (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#PanAm Post.]

Patheos (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Patheos.]

PinkNews (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#PinkNews.]

Press TV (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Press TV.]

Quadrant (magazine) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Quadrant.]
- Quadrant

Quillette (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Quillette.]

Quora (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Quora.]

Reddit (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Reddit.]

ResearchGate (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#ResearchGate.]
- {{doi|10.13140}}

ResearchGate (Unknown)
- {{doi|10.13140}}

Scribd (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Scribd.]

Sixth Tone (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Sixth Tone, debatable for general topics, unreliable for politics.]

Stack Exchange (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Stack Exchange.]

Swarajya (magazine) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Swarajya.]
- Swarajya

The Canary (website) (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Canary.]
- The Canary

The Daily Wire (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Daily Wire.]

The Electronic Intifada (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Electronic Intifada.]
- EI

The New American (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The New American.]

The Onion (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Onion.]

The Points Guy (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Points Guy (sponsored content), debatable for news and reviews, unreliable for sponsored content.]

The Skwawkbox (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Skwawkbox.]

The Truth About Guns (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Truth About Guns.]

The Western Journal (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#The Western Journal.]
- Western Journalism

Tunefind (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Tunefind.]

TV Tropes (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#TV Tropes.]

Twitter (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Twitter.]

Urban Dictionary (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Urban Dictionary.]

Venezuelanalysis (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Venezuelanalysis.]

VGChartz (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#VGChartz.]

WhoSampled (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#WhoSampled.]

Wikia (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Wikia.]
- Fandom

Wikidata (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Wikidata.]

WikiLeaks (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#WikiLeaks.]

Wikinews (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Wikinews.]

Wikipedia (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Wikipedia.]

Wikipedia:Deprecated sources (DEPS)

WordPress.com (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#WordPress.com.]

Worldometer (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Worldometer.]
- Worldometers

YouTube (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#YouTube.]

Zero Hedge (RSPGU) [See WP:RSP#Zero Hedge.]

Hijacked journals

Hijacked journals are journals whose "websites or branding have been co-opted by a predatory journal or publisher". Meaning that these are legitimate publications, but with fraudsters posing as them.

Revision as of 05:25, 1 July 2020

Sources

Syntax

Unreliable fields

Mirrors and forks

Self-published

Unpublished

WP:RSP

Hijacked journals

Publishers

Misc1

A1

B1

C1

D1

E1

F1

G1

H1

I1

J1

K1

L1

M1

N1

O1

P1

Q1

R1

S1

T1

U1

V1

W1

X1

Y1

Z1

Journals

Misc2

A2

B2

C2

D2

E2

F2

G2

H2

I2

J2

K2

L2

M2

N2

O2

P2

Q2

R2

S2

T2

U2

V2

W2

X2

Y2

Z2