Provence-class ironclad: Difference between revisions
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
The ''Provence'' class was designed by [[naval architect]] [[Henri Dupuy de Lôme]] as an improved version of the {{sclass-|Gloire|ironclad|1}}s with thicker armor, more powerful guns, and better [[seakeeping]] qualities. The ships had an [[overall length]] of {{convert|80.72|m|ftin|sp=us}}, with a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|17|m|ftin|sp=us}}, and a [[draft (ship)|draft]] of {{convert|7.7|-|8.8|m|ftin|sp=us}}, depending on the load. They [[Displacement (ship)|displaced]] between {{convert|5700|-|6000|t|LT|sp=us|lk=on}}. All of the ships except {{ship|French ironclad|Héroïne||2}} had wooden hulls; that ship had an iron hull.<ref>Gille, pp. 26, 30</ref> Like most ironclads of their era they were equipped with a metal-reinforced [[Naval ram|ram]]. The ''Provence''-class ships had a [[metacentric height]] of about {{convert|4.5|ft|m|1|disp=flip|sp=us}} and did not [[Ship motions|rolled]] as badly as the ''Gloire''s.<ref name=g1>Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 287</ref> They had a crew of 579–594 officers and enlisted men.<ref name=g7>Gille, p. 30</ref> |
The ''Provence'' class was designed by [[naval architect]] [[Henri Dupuy de Lôme]] as an improved version of the {{sclass-|Gloire|ironclad|1}}s with thicker armor, more powerful guns, and better [[seakeeping]] qualities. The ships had an [[overall length]] of {{convert|80.72|m|ftin|sp=us}}, with a [[beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|17|m|ftin|sp=us}}, and a [[draft (ship)|draft]] of {{convert|7.7|-|8.8|m|ftin|sp=us}}, depending on the load. They [[Displacement (ship)|displaced]] between {{convert|5700|-|6000|t|LT|sp=us|lk=on}}. All of the ships except {{ship|French ironclad|Héroïne||2}} had wooden hulls; that ship had an iron hull.<ref>Gille, pp. 26, 30</ref> Like most ironclads of their era they were equipped with a metal-reinforced [[Naval ram|ram]]. The ''Provence''-class ships had a [[metacentric height]] of about {{convert|4.5|ft|m|1|disp=flip|sp=us}} and did not [[Ship motions|rolled]] as badly as the ''Gloire''s.<ref name=g1>Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 287</ref> They had a crew of 579–594 officers and enlisted men.<ref name=g7>Gille, p. 30</ref> |
||
The ships of the ''Provence'' class had a single [[Marine steam engine#Back acting|horizontal-return connecting-rod compound steam engine]] that drove a four-bladed, {{convert|6.1|m|ft|sp=us|adj=on|0}} propeller,<ref name=d26>de Balincourt and Vincent-Bréchignac 1975, p. 10</ref> using steam provided by eight [[boiler (steam generator)|boiler]]s that had a maximum pressure of {{convert|1.8|kg/cm2|kPa psi|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}.<ref name=g7/> The engine was rated at 1,000 [[nominal horsepower]] or {{convert|3200|PS|lk=on|sp=us}} and intended to give the ships a speed in excess of {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}. Available records of their [[sea trial]]s show that they achieved speeds of {{convert|13.2|-|16.5|kn}} from {{convert|2918|-|3895|PS}}<ref name=g7/> The ''Provence'' class carried between {{cvt|590|-|640|t|LT|0}} of coal<ref name=g1/> which allowed them to steam for {{convert|2410|nmi|lk=in|sp=us}} at a speed of {{convert|10|kn}}.<ref>Silverstone, p. 62</ref> They were fitted with a three-masted [[barque]] rig that had a sail area of {{convert|1960|sqm|sp=us}}.<ref name=d26/> |
The ships of the ''Provence'' class had a single [[Marine steam engine#Back acting|horizontal-return connecting-rod compound steam engine]] that drove a four-bladed, {{convert|6.1|m|ft|sp=us|adj=on|0}} propeller,<ref name=d26>de Balincourt and Vincent-Bréchignac 1975, p. 10</ref> using steam provided by eight [[boiler (steam generator)|boiler]]s{{refn|Sources differ on the number of boilers. Gille states that all ships had eight, Chesneau and Kolesnik say nine and Silverstone says that all of the ships except {{ship|French ironclad|Revanche||2}} had eight while that ship had nine.<ref name=g1/><ref name=g7/><ref name=s2/>|group=Note}} that had a maximum pressure of {{convert|1.8|kg/cm2|kPa psi|0|abbr=on|lk=on}}.<ref name=g7/> The engine was rated at 1,000 [[nominal horsepower]] or {{convert|3200|PS|lk=on|sp=us}} and intended to give the ships a speed in excess of {{convert|13|kn|lk=in}}. Available records of their [[sea trial]]s show that they achieved speeds of {{convert|13.2|-|16.5|kn}} from {{convert|2918|-|3895|PS}}<ref name=g7/> The ''Provence'' class carried between {{cvt|590|-|640|t|LT|0}} of coal<ref name=g1/> which allowed them to steam for {{convert|2410|nmi|lk=in|sp=us}} at a speed of {{convert|10|kn}}.<ref name=s2>Silverstone, p. 62</ref> They were fitted with a three-masted [[barque]] rig that had a sail area of {{convert|1960|sqm|sp=us}}.<ref name=d26/> |
||
==Ships== |
==Ships== |
||
Revision as of 15:50, 12 July 2020
 | This article or section is in a state of significant expansion or restructuring. You are welcome to assist in its construction by editing it as well. If this article or section has not been edited in several days, please remove this template. If you are the editor who added this template and you are actively editing, please be sure to replace this template with {{in use}} during the active editing session. Click on the link for template parameters to use.
This article was last edited by Sturmvogel 66 (talk | contribs) 4 years ago. (Update timer) |
 Right elevation line drawing of the design. The shaded area represents the armor protection.
| |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Provence-class |
| Operators |  French Navy |
| Preceded by | Template:Sclass- |
| Succeeded by | Template:Sclass- |
| Built | 1861–1867 |
| In commission | 1863–1893 |
| Completed | 10 |
| Scrapped | 10 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Broadside ironclad |
| Displacement | 5,700–6,000 t (5,600–5,900 long tons) |
| Length | 80.72 m (264 ft 10 in) |
| Beam | 17 m (55 ft 9 in) |
| Draft | 7.7–8.8 m (25 ft 3 in – 28 ft 10 in) |
| Installed power | |
| Propulsion | 1 shaft, 1 horizontal-return connecting rod-steam engine |
| Sail plan | Barque-rig |
| Speed | 13.2–16.5 knots (24.4–30.6 km/h; 15.2–19.0 mph) (trials) |
| Range | 2,410 nautical miles (4,460 km; 2,770 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) |
| Complement | 579–594 |
| Armament | 11 × single 194 mm (7.6 in) smoothbore muzzle-loading guns |
| Armor |
|
The Provence-class ironclads consisted of 10 ironclad frigates built for the French Navy (Marine Nationale) during the 1860s. Only one of the sister ships was built with an wrought iron hull; the others were built in wood.
Design and description
The Provence class was designed by naval architect Henri Dupuy de Lôme as an improved version of the Template:Sclass-s with thicker armor, more powerful guns, and better seakeeping qualities. The ships had an overall length of 80.72 meters (264 ft 10 in), with a beam of 17 meters (55 ft 9 in), and a draft of 7.7–8.8 meters (25 ft 3 in – 28 ft 10 in), depending on the load. They displaced between 5,700–6,000 metric tons (5,600–5,900 long tons). All of the ships except Héroïne had wooden hulls; that ship had an iron hull.[1] Like most ironclads of their era they were equipped with a metal-reinforced ram. The Provence-class ships had a metacentric height of about 1.4 meters (4.5 ft) and did not rolled as badly as the Gloires.[2] They had a crew of 579–594 officers and enlisted men.[3]
The ships of the Provence class had a single horizontal-return connecting-rod compound steam engine that drove a four-bladed, 6.1-meter (20 ft) propeller,[4] using steam provided by eight boilers[Note 1] that had a maximum pressure of 1.8 kg/cm2 (177 kPa; 26 psi).[3] The engine was rated at 1,000 nominal horsepower or 3,200 metric horsepower (2,400 kW) and intended to give the ships a speed in excess of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph). Available records of their sea trials show that they achieved speeds of 13.2–16.5 knots (24.4–30.6 km/h; 15.2–19.0 mph) from 2,918–3,895 metric horsepower (2,146–2,865 kW)[3] The Provence class carried between 590–640 t (581–630 long tons) of coal[2] which allowed them to steam for 2,410 nautical miles (4,460 km; 2,770 mi) at a speed of 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).[5] They were fitted with a three-masted barque rig that had a sail area of 1,960 square meters (21,100 sq ft).[4]
Ships
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
- de Balincourt, Captain; Vincent-Bréchignac, Captain (1975). "The French Navy of Yesterday: Ironclad Frigates: Second Group – Provence Type". F.P.D.S. Newsletter. III (2): 9–13. OCLC 41554533.
- Chesneau, Roger; Kolesnik, Eugene M., eds. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|lastauthoramp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - Gille, Eric (1999). Cent ans de cuirassés français. Nantes: Marines. ISBN 2-909-675-50-5.
- Konstam, Angus (2019). European Ironclads 1860–75: The Gloire Sparks the Great Ironclad Arms Race. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-47282-676-3.
- Silverstone, Paul H. (1984). Directory of the World's Capital Ships. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-88254-979-0.
 | This article about a specific military ship or boat of France is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |