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'''HMS ''Archer''''' was one of 20 [[Acheron class destroyer|''Acheron''-class]] [[destroyer]]s built for the [[Royal Navy]] in the 1910s. She was one of the two [[Yarrow Shipbuilders|Yarrow]] specials with which the builder was given more freedom in an effort to increase speeds beyond the rest of the class. Completed in 1912 the ship served during the [[World War I|First World War]] and was sold in 1921.
'''HMS ''Archer''''' was one of 20 [[Acheron class destroyer|''Acheron''-class]] [[destroyer]]s built for the [[Royal Navy]] in the 1910s. She was one of the two [[Yarrow Shipbuilders|Yarrow]] Specials with which the builder was given more freedom in an effort to increase speeds beyond the rest of the class. Completed in 1912 the ship served during the [[World War I|First World War]] and was sold in 1921.


==Design and description==
The ''Acheron'' class was mostly a repeat of the preceding {{sclass-|Acorn|destroyer|4}}, although the [[Admiralty]] allowed three builders, including Yarrow, more freedom to modify the design of two of their ships apiece in hopes that they might be able to improve upon the speeds previously attained.<ref name=gg4>Gardiner & Gray, p. 75</ref> The Yarrow Specials had an [[length overall|overall length]] of {{convert|246|ft|2|in|m|1}}, a [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] of {{convert|25|ft|8|in|m|1}}, and a deep [[Draft (hull)|draught]] of {{convert|8|ft|9|in|m|1}}. The ships [[Displacement (ship)|displaced]] {{convert|775|LT|t|lk=on}} at [[deep load]] and their crew numbered 70 officers and [[naval rating|ratings]].<ref name=f5>Friedman, p. 295</ref>


The destroyers were powered by a single Brown-Curtis [[steam turbine]] that drove two [[propeller shaft]]s using steam provided by three [[Yarrow boiler]]s. The engines developed a total of {{convert|16000|shp|kW|lk=on}} and were designed for a speed of {{convert|28|kn|lk=in}}. ''Archer'' reached a speed of {{convert|30.3|kn}} from {{cvt|18537|shp}} during her [[sea trial]]s.<ref>March, pp. 116–117</ref> The ''Acheron''s had a range of {{convert|1620|nmi|lk=in}} at a cruising speed of {{convert|15|kn}}.<ref name=f5/>
⚫
''Archer'' and her [[sister ship]], [[HMS Attack (1911)|''Attack'']] used steam at higher pressures than the other ''Acheron''-class destroyers and consequently were faster than the standard Admiralty-designed members of their class. Achieving {{convert|31|kn}} on trials, she carried two {{convert|4|in|mm|0|adj=on}} guns, other smaller guns and {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on}} torpedo tubes and had a complement of 70 men.


The primary armament of the ships consisted of a pair of [[BL 4 inch naval gun Mk VIII|BL {{convert|4|in|mm|adj=on|0}} MK VIII guns]] in single, unprotected [[pivot mount]]s fore and aft of the [[superstructure]]. They were also armed with two single [[QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun|QF 12-pounder ({{convert|3|in|adj=on|0}}) guns]], one on each [[broadside]] between the forward and centre [[funnel (ship)|funnel]]s. The destroyers were equipped with a pair of single rotating mounts for [[British 21 inch torpedo|21-inch (533 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s [[amidships]] and carried two reload torpedos.<ref>Friedman, pp. 119, 295</ref>
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==Construction and career==
⚫
[[File:Harwich Force destroyers.jpg|thumb|right|Destroyers of the [[Harwich Flotilla]]]]
She was laid down at the [[Yarrow & Company]] yard in [[Scotstoun]], [[Glasgow]], and was launched on 21 October 1911. She was the fourth ship of the name to serve in the [[Royal Navy]].


⚫
''Archer'' and her [[sister ship]], [[HMS Attack (1911)|''Attack'']] used steam at higher pressures than the other ''Acheron''-class destroyers and consequently were faster than the standard Admiralty-designed members of their class. Achieving {{convert|31|kn}} on trials, she carried two {{convert|4|in|mm|0|adj=on}} guns, other smaller guns and {{convert|21|in|mm|adj=on}} torpedo tubes and had a complement of 70 men.
As part of the [[First Destroyer Flotilla]], she was attached to the [[Grand Fleet]] in August 1914, and then to the Third Battle Squadron from the spring of 1916.


⚫
==Construction and career==
===Battle of Heligoland Bight===
⚫
[[File:Harwich Force destroyers.jpg|thumb|right|Destroyers of the [[Harwich Force]]]]
As part of the [[Harwich Force]], the First Destroyer Flotilla took part in the [[Battle of Heligoland Bight (1914)|Battle of Heligoland Bight]] on 28 August 1914.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwar1.co.uk/heligoland-oob.html|title=Heligoland Bight - Order of Battle|accessdate=2008-10-17}}</ref>
Archer, the fourth ship of the name to serve in the Royal Navy,<ref>Colledge, p. 18</ref> was ordered under the 1910&ndash;1911 Naval Programme from Yarrow & Company. She was [[laid down]] at the company's [[shipyard]] in [[Scotstoun]] on 1 September 1910, [[Ship naming and launching|launched]] on 21 October 1911 and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] in March 1912.<ref>Friedman, p. 306</ref>


===Mediterranean service===
From 1917 the Third Battle Squadron was deployed to the Mediterranean. ''Archer'' was present at the entry of the Allied fleet through the Dardanelles on 12 November 1918.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/ww1lit/db/download.php?CISOROOT=/gwa&CISOPTR=5751|title=The Entry of the Allied Fleet through the Dardanelles|publisher=Oxford University|author=S E Brooks|accessdate=2009-11-11}}</ref> She was sold to [[Thos W Ward]] for scrap on 9 May 1921.<ref name=AS/>
From 1917 the Third Battle Squadron was deployed to the Mediterranean. ''Archer'' was present at the entry of the Allied fleet through the Dardanelles on 12 November 1918.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oucs.ox.ac.uk/ww1lit/db/download.php?CISOROOT=/gwa&CISOPTR=5751|title=The Entry of the Allied Fleet through the Dardanelles|publisher=Oxford University|author=S E Brooks|accessdate=2009-11-11}}</ref> She was sold to [[Thos W Ward]] for scrap on 9 May 1921.<ref name=AS/>


Revision as of 00:20, 20 July 2020

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Archer.

Archer
History
United Kingdom
NameArcher
BuilderYarrow & Company, Scotstoun
Yard number1296[1]
Laid down1 September 1910
Launched21 October 1911
CommissionedMarch 1912
FateSold for scrap, May 1921
General characteristics
Class and typeTemplate:Sclass-
Displacement775 long tons (787 t)
Length246 ft 2 in (75.0 m)
Beam25 ft 8 in (7.8 m)
Draught8 ft 9 in (2.7 m)
Installed power
Propulsion2 shafts; 1 steam turbine
Speed28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph)
Range1,620 nmi (3,000 km; 1,860 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement70
Armament

HMS Archer was one of 20 Acheron-class destroyers built for the Royal Navy in the 1910s. She was one of the two Yarrow Specials with which the builder was given more freedom in an effort to increase speeds beyond the rest of the class. Completed in 1912 the ship served during the First World War and was sold in 1921.

Design and description

The Acheron class was mostly a repeat of the preceding Template:Sclass-, although the Admiralty allowed three builders, including Yarrow, more freedom to modify the design of two of their ships apiece in hopes that they might be able to improve upon the speeds previously attained.[2] The Yarrow Specials had an overall length of 246 feet 2 inches (75.0 m), a beam of 25 feet 8 inches (7.8 m), and a deep draught of 8 feet 9 inches (2.7 m). The ships displaced 775 long tons (787 t) at deep load and their crew numbered 70 officers and ratings.[3]

The destroyers were powered by a single Brown-Curtis steam turbine that drove two propeller shafts using steam provided by three Yarrow boilers. The engines developed a total of 16,000 shaft horsepower (12,000 kW) and were designed for a speed of 28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph). Archer reached a speed of 30.3 knots (56.1 km/h; 34.9 mph) from 18,537 shp (13,823 kW) during her sea trials.[4] The Acherons had a range of 1,620 nautical miles (3,000 km; 1,860 mi) at a cruising speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph).[3]

The primary armament of the ships consisted of a pair of BL 4-inch (102 mm) MK VIII guns in single, unprotected pivot mounts fore and aft of the superstructure. They were also armed with two single QF 12-pounder (3-inch (76 mm)) guns, one on each broadside between the forward and centre funnels. The destroyers were equipped with a pair of single rotating mounts for 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes amidships and carried two reload torpedos.[5]

Archer and her sister ship, Attack used steam at higher pressures than the other Acheron-class destroyers and consequently were faster than the standard Admiralty-designed members of their class. Achieving 31 knots (57 km/h; 36 mph) on trials, she carried two 4-inch (102 mm) guns, other smaller guns and 21-inch (530 mm) torpedo tubes and had a complement of 70 men.

Construction and career

Destroyers of the Harwich Force

Archer, the fourth ship of the name to serve in the Royal Navy,[6] was ordered under the 1910–1911 Naval Programme from Yarrow & Company. She was laid down at the company's shipyard in Scotstoun on 1 September 1910, launched on 21 October 1911 and commissioned in March 1912.[7]

From 1917 the Third Battle Squadron was deployed to the Mediterranean. Archer was present at the entry of the Allied fleet through the Dardanelles on 12 November 1918.[8] She was sold to Thos W Ward for scrap on 9 May 1921.[9]

Pennant numbers

Pennant Number[9] From To
H10 6 December 1914   1 September 1915
H29 1 September 1915 1 January 1918
H06 1 January 1918 Sold 9 May 1921

References

  1. ^ "HMS Archer - Clydebuilt ships database". Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 3 November 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  2. ^ Gardiner & Gray, p. 75
  3. ^ a b Friedman, p. 295
  4. ^ March, pp. 116–117
  5. ^ Friedman, pp. 119, 295
  6. ^ Colledge, p. 18
  7. ^ Friedman, p. 306
  8. ^ S E Brooks. "The Entry of the Allied Fleet through the Dardanelles". Oxford University. Retrieved 11 November 2009.
  9. ^ a b ""Arrowsmith" List: Royal Navy WWI Destroyer Pendant Numbers". Retrieved 3 November 2008.

Bibliography

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