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The '''Alma-Ata Protocols''' were the founding declarations and principles of the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] (CIS). The leaders of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus had agreed to the [[Belovezha Accords]] on 8 December 1991, [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|dissolving the Soviet Union]] and forming the CIS. On 21 December 1991, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan agreed to the Alma-Ata Protocols, joining the CIS. The latter agreement included the original three Belavezha signatories, as well as eight additional former Soviet republics. Georgia was the only former republic that did not participate while Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia refused to do so after restoring their pre-1940 independence status.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://web.archive.org/web/20010122033300/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/belarus/by_appnc.html|title = THE ALMA-ATA DECLARATION|website = Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series / Belarus / Appendix C|publisher = Library of Congress}}</ref>
The '''Alma-Ata Protocols''' were the founding declarations and principles of the [[Commonwealth of Independent States]] (CIS). The leaders of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus had agreed to the [[Belovezha Accords]] on 8 December 1991, [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|dissolving the Soviet Union]] and forming the CIS. On 21 December 1991, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan agreed to the Alma-Ata Protocols, joining the CIS. The latter agreement included the original three Belavezha signatories, as well as eight additional former Soviet republics. Georgia was the only former republic that did not participate while Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia refused to do so after restoring their pre-1940 independence status.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://web.archive.org/web/20010122033300/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/belarus/by_appnc.html|title = THE ALMA-ATA DECLARATION|website = Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series / Belarus / Appendix C|publisher = Library of Congress}}</ref>


The protocols consisted of a declaration, three agreements and separate appendices. In addition, Marshal [[Yevgeny Shaposhnikov]] was confirmed as acting Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Separate treaty was signed between Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine "About mutual measures in regards to nuclear weapon".<ref>[https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/998_086 (Угода про спільні заходи щодо ядерної зброї)]. [[Verkhovna Rada]]. 21 December 1991</ref>
The protocols consisted of a declaration, three agreements and separate appendices. In addition, Marshal [[Yevgeny Shaposhnikov]] was confirmed as acting Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Separate treaty was signed between Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine "About mutual measures in regards to nuclear weapons".<ref>[https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/998_086 (Угода про спільні заходи щодо ядерної зброї)]. [[Verkhovna Rada]]. 21 December 1991</ref>


==Agreement on Councils of Heads of State and Government==
==Agreement on Councils of Heads of State and Government==

Revision as of 09:07, 7 August 2020

Alma-Ata Protocol
TypeTreaty establishing a founding declarations and principles of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).
Signed21 December 1991
LocationAlma-Ata, Kazakhstan, Soviet Union
Effective21 December 1991
Signatories Russia: Boris Yeltsin
 Ukraine: Leonid Kravchuk
 Belarus: Stanislav Shushkevich
 Armenia: Levon Ter-Petrosyan
 Azerbaijan: Ayaz Mutallibov
 Kazakhstan: Nursultan Nazarbayev
 Kyrgyzstan: Askar Akayev
 Moldova: Mircea Snegur
 Tajikistan: Rahmon Nabiyev
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic Turkmenistan: Saparmurat Niyazov
 Uzbekistan: Islam Karimov

The Alma-Ata Protocols were the founding declarations and principles of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The leaders of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus had agreed to the Belovezha Accords on 8 December 1991, dissolving the Soviet Union and forming the CIS. On 21 December 1991, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan agreed to the Alma-Ata Protocols, joining the CIS. The latter agreement included the original three Belavezha signatories, as well as eight additional former Soviet republics. Georgia was the only former republic that did not participate while Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia refused to do so after restoring their pre-1940 independence status.[1]

The protocols consisted of a declaration, three agreements and separate appendices. In addition, Marshal Yevgeny Shaposhnikov was confirmed as acting Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Separate treaty was signed between Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine "About mutual measures in regards to nuclear weapons".[2]

Agreement on Councils of Heads of State and Government

A provisional agreement on the membership and conduct of Councils of Heads of State and Government was concluded between the members of the Commonwealth of Independent States on December 30, 1991.

Agreement on Strategic Forces

Concluded between the 11 members of the Commonwealth of Independent States on December 30, 1991.

Agreement on Armed Forces and Border Troops

Concluded between the members of the Commonwealth of Independent States on December 30, 1991.

References

  1. ^ "THE ALMA-ATA DECLARATION". Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series / Belarus / Appendix C. Library of Congress.
  2. ^ (Угода про спільні заходи щодо ядерної зброї). Verkhovna Rada. 21 December 1991


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