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Revision as of 17:51, 20 August 2020

A Bruneian passport

Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states which are imposed on citizens of Brunei. As of 28 September 2019, Bruneian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 165 countries and territories, ranking the Bruneian passport 21st in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley & Partners Passport Index.[1]

Brunei is the only country whose citizens may travel without a visa to all of the permanent member countries of the UN Security Council (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom and United States). Brunei is also a part of ASEAN and has visa-free access to these countries and vice versa.

Besides the Bruneian passport, there are only 3 other passports that provide either visa-free entry, or entry via an electronic travel authorisation, to the world's four largest economies: China (visa-free, 15 days), India (e-Visa, 60 days), the European Union (visa-free, 90 days within 180 days), and the United States (ESTA required for arrivals by air and sea, 90 days): those of Japan, San Marino, and Singapore.

Visa requirements map

  Brunei
  Visa not required
  Visa obtainable on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Pre-arrival visa required

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[2]
 Albania No Visa[3] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[4]
 Andorra Visa not required[5]
 Angola Visa required[6]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[7] 30 days
 Argentina Visa required[8]
 Armenia eVisa / Visa on arrival[9] 120 days
 Australia Electronic Travel Authority[11] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period is granted
 Austria Visa not required[12] 90 days
 Azerbaijan eVisa[13] 30 days[14]
 Bahamas Visa not required[15] 3 months
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[16] 2 weeks
  • May also be obtained online in the form of an E-Visa.
 Bangladesh Visa required[17]
 Barbados Visa not required[18] 6 months
 Belarus Visa required[19]
  • Visas are issued on arrival at the Minsk International Airport if the support documents were submitted not later than 3 business days before expected date of arrival.[20]
  • In the case of transit visas, these may be obtained on arrival with a hotel confirmation, return ticket and visa to a 3rd country for a maximum validity of 2 calendar days.[21]
 Belgium Visa not required[22] 90 days
 Belize Visa not required[23]
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[24][25] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan Visa required[26]
 Bolivia Visa on arrival[27] 90 days
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[28] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6 month period
 Botswana Visa not required[29] 90 days
 Brazil Visa required[30]
 Bulgaria Visa not required[31] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Burundi Visa required[32]
 Burkina Faso Visa required[33]
 Cambodia Visa not required[34] 14 days
 Cameroon Visa required[35]
  • Holders of a pre-arranged approval issued by "Le Delegue General de la Surete" can obtain a visa on arrival.
 Canada Visa not required[36] 6 months
  • eTA required if arriving by air.
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[37]
 Central African Republic Visa required[38]
 Chad Visa required[39]
 Chile Visa required[40]
 China Visa not required[41] 15 days
 Colombia Visa not required[42] 180 days
  • 90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one year period
 Comoros Visa on arrival[43] 45 days
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[44]
  • Not required for holders of a VIP Invitation Letter.
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[45]
 Costa Rica Visa not required[46] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[47]
  • Must be arriving at Port Bouet Airport and hold an International Certificate of Vaccination.
 Croatia Visa not required[48] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Cuba Tourist Card required[49] 30 days
 Cyprus Visa not required[50] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Czech Republic Visa not required[51] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Denmark Visa not required[52] 90 days
 Djibouti eVisa[53] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[54] 6 months
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[55]
 Ecuador Visa not required[56] 90 days
 Egypt Visa on arrival[57] 15 days
 El Salvador Visa not required[58] 3 months
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[59]
 Eritrea Visa required[60]
 Estonia Visa not required[61] 90 days
 Eswatini Visa not required[62] 30 days
 Ethiopia eVisa[63] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa not required[64] 4 months
 Finland Visa not required[65] 90 days
 France Visa not required[66] 90 days
 Gabon eVisa[67]
 Gambia Visa not required[68] 90 days
 Georgia Visa not required[69] 1 year
 Germany Visa not required[70] 90 days
 Ghana Visa required[71]
 Greece Visa not required[72] 90 days
 Grenada Visa not required[73] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa not required[74] 90 days
 Guinea eVisa[75]
 Guinea-Bissau Visa on arrival[76] 90 days
 Guyana Visa required[77]
 Haiti Visa not required[78] 3 months
 Honduras Visa not required[79]
 Hungary Visa not required[80] 90 days
 Iceland Visa not required[81] 90 days
 India e-Visa[82] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 31 designated airports[Note 1] or 5 designated seaports.[Note 2][83]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa may only be obtained twice within 1 calendar year.[citation needed]
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an e-Visa.[84]
 Indonesia Visa not required[85] 30 days
 Iran Visa on arrival[86] 30 days
 Iraq Visa required[87]
 Ireland Visa not required[88]
 Israel Visa required[89]
 Italy Visa not required[90] 90 days
 Jamaica Visa not required[91] 180 days
 Japan Visa not required[92] 15 days
 Jordan Visa on arrival[93]
 Kazakhstan Visa required[94]
 Kenya Visa not required[95] 30 days
 Kiribati Visa not required[96] 30 days
 North Korea Visa required[97]
 South Korea Visa not required[98] 30 days
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[99] 3 months
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[100] 60 days
 Laos Visa not required[101] 14 days
 Latvia Visa not required[102] 90 days
 Lebanon Visa required[103]
 Lesotho Visa not required[104] 90 days
 Liberia Visa required[105]
 Libya Visa required[106]
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[107] 90 days
 Lithuania Visa not required[108] 90 days
 Luxembourg Visa not required[109] 90 days
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[110] 90 days
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[111] 30 days
  • Can extend for a total of 90 days.
 Malaysia Visa not required[112] 30 days
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[113] 15 days
 Mali Visa required[114]
 Malta Visa not required[115] 90 days
 Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[116] 90 days
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[117]
 Mauritius Visa not required[118] 90 days
 Mexico Visa required[119]
 Micronesia Visa not required[120] 30 days
 Moldova Visa not required[121] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Monaco Visa not required[122]
 Mongolia Visa required[123]
 Montenegro Visa not required[124] 90 days
 Morocco Visa required[125]
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[126] 30 days
 Myanmar Visa not required[127] 14 days
 Namibia Visa required[128]
 Nauru Visa required[129]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[130] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa not required[131] 90 days
 New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[132] 3 months
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be obtained alongside Electronic Travel Authority.[133]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[134] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[135]
 Nigeria Visa required[136]
  • Holders of written e-visa approval issued by Immigration Authority Headquarters in Abuja, can obtain a visa on arrival.
 North Macedonia Visa not required[137] 90 days
 Norway Visa not required[138] 90 days
 Oman eVisa[139] 30 days
  • Issued free of charge.
 Pakistan Electronic Travel Authorization[140]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[141]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[142]
  • Online Visa eligible.[143]
 Palau Free visa on arrival[144] 30 days
 Panama Visa not required[145] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea eVisa / Free visa on arrival[146] 60 days
 Paraguay Visa required[147]
 Peru Visa not required[148] 183 days
 Philippines Visa not required[149] 30 days
 Poland Visa not required[150] 90 days
 Portugal Visa not required[151] 90 days
 Qatar Visa not required[152] 30 days
 Romania Visa not required[153] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 Russia Visa not required[154] 14 days
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180 day period[155]
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[156] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[157] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[158] 6 weeks
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[159] 1 month
 Samoa Visa not required[160] 60 days
 San Marino Visa not required[161]
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[162]
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[163][164] 90 days
 Senegal Visa on arrival[165] 90 days
 Serbia Visa required[166]
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[167] 3 months
 Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[168]
 Singapore Visa not required[169] 30 days
 Slovakia Visa not required[170] 90 days
 Slovenia Visa not required[171] 90 days
 Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[172] 3 months
 Somalia Visa on arrival[173] 30 days
 South Africa Visa required[174]
 South Sudan Visa required[175]
 Spain Visa not required[176] 90 days
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[177] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[178]
 Suriname eVisa[179]
 Sweden Visa not required[180] 90 days
  Switzerland Visa not required[181] 90 days
 Syria Visa required[182]
 Tajikistan eVisa[183] 45 days [184]
 Tanzania Visa on arrival[185] 1 month
 Thailand Visa not required[186] 30 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[187] 30 days
 Togo Visa on arrival[188] 7 days
 Tonga Free visa on arrival[189] 31 days
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[190]
 Tunisia Visa not required[191] 3 months
 Turkey Visa not required[192] 30 days
 Turkmenistan Visa required[193]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[194] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[195]
 Ukraine Visa not required[197] 30 days
  • 30 days within any 60 day period
 United Arab Emirates Free visa on arrival[198] 30 days
 United Kingdom Visa not required[199] 6 months
 United States Visa Waiver Program[200] 90 days
 Uruguay Visa required[202]
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[203] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[204] 30 days
 Vatican City Visa not required[205]
 Venezuela Visa required[206]
 Vietnam Visa not required[207] 14 days
  • A single entry eVisa valid for 30 days is also available.[208]
 Yemen Visa on arrival[209] 1 month
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[210] 90 days
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[211] 3 months

Territories

Visa requirements for Bruneian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[212]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[213][214]
Autonomous Republic of Crimea Crimea Visa not required Visa policy of Russia applies.[215]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[216][217]
United Nations UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[218] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[219]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[220]
 Guernsey Visa not required[221]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[222]
Norway Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[223] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[224]
 Jersey Visa not required[225]
 Kosovo Visa not required 90 days[226]
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa required[227][228] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[229]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[230]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[231][232]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[233][234]
Africa
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[235]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[236]
 Mayotte Visa not required[237]
 Réunion Visa not required[237]
 Ascension Island eVisa[238][239]
  • 3 months within any year period
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[240]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[241]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[242][243]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Sudan Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[244]
Asia
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Hong Kong Visa not required 3 months[245]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[246][247][248][249][250][251]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[252]
Iran Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[253]
 Macao Visa not required 14 days[254]
Maldives Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[255]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[256] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[257]
 Taiwan Visa not required[258] 14 days (valid until 31 July 2020)
Tajikistan Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[259][260][261]
China Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[262][263][264]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[265]
United Nations Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
United Nations UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[266]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)f
 Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[267]
 Aruba Visa not required 90 days[268][269]
 Bermuda Visa not required 90 days.[270]
Netherlands Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required 90 days[271][272]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible[273]
Colombia San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[274]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 60 days[275]
 Curacao Visa not required 3 months[276]
France French West Indies Visa not required 90 days. French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[277]
 Greenland Visa not required[219]
Venezuela Margarita Island Visa required All visitors are fingerprinted.[278]
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months[279][280]
 Puerto Rico Electronic Authorization[281]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[237]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required 90 days[282][283]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa required[284]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Electronic Authorization[285]
South America
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
France French Guiana Visa not required[286]
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[287]
Oceania
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 American Samoa Electronic authorization[288] 30 days
Australia Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[289]
France Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[290]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[291]
Fiji Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[292]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[293] 90 days
 Guam Visa not required[294] 45 days
 New Caledonia Visa not required[237] 90 days
 Niue Visa not required 30 days[295]
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[296] 45 days
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee USD35 or tax of USD5 if not going ashore.[297][298][299]
United States United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[300][301][302][303][304][305][306]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[237] 90 days
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Falkland Islands Visa required British Overseas Territory visa is required.[307]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[308][309]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australia Australian Antarctic Territory, Antártica Chilena Province Chilean Antarctic Territory, Australia Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norway Peter I Island, Norway Queen Maud Land, New Zealand Ross Dependency.[310][311][312][313][314][315][316][317][318][319][320][321]

APEC Business Travel Card

  Full members of the scheme
  Transitional members (United States, Canada)

Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[322]

1 – up to 90 days
2 – up to 60 days
3 – up to 59 days

The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[323]

  • no need to apply for a visa or entry permit to APEC countries, as the card is treated as such (except by  Canada and  United States)
  • undertake legitimate business in participating economies
  • expedited border crossing in all member economies, including transitional members
  • expedited scheduling of visa interview (United States)

Non-visa restrictions

This section is transcluded from Non-visa travel restrictions. (edit | history)

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[324] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[325] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[326]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[327][328]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[329][330] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[331]

Some countries, such as Japan,[332] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[333] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[334] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[335] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[336] Philippines,[337] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[338]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[339] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[340] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record, while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning them from entering the country or expelling them if they have already entered. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[341]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[342] Lebanon,[343] Libya,[344] and Yemen[345] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.[citation needed]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[346]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[347][348] Argentina,[349] Brunei, Cambodia,[350] China,[351] Ethiopia,[352] Ghana, Guinea,[353] India, Japan,[354][355] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[356] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[357] Mongolia, Saudi Arabia,[358] Singapore, South Korea,[359] Taiwan, Thailand,[360] Uganda,[361] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its own legislation),[362][363][364] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[365]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[366] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[367][368]

See also

References and Notes

References
  1. ^ "Global Ranking - Passport Index 2019" (PDF). Henley & Partners. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
  2. ^ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. ^ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  4. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  5. ^ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  6. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  7. ^ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  8. ^ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  9. ^ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  10. ^ e-Visa - Republic of Armenia Electronic Visa System
  11. ^ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  12. ^ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  13. ^ Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  14. ^ Electronic Visa System of Azerbaijan Republic
  15. ^ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  16. ^ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  17. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  18. ^ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  19. ^ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
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  23. ^ Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade & Immigration, Belize, July 2023.
  24. ^ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  25. ^ eVisa Benin
  26. ^ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  27. ^ Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
  28. ^ Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  29. ^ Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  30. ^ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  31. ^ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  32. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  35. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  49. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  50. ^ Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  51. ^ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  52. ^ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  53. ^ eVisa
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  62. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  63. ^ "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  64. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  65. ^ Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  66. ^ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  67. ^ Gabon e-Visa
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  69. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  70. ^ Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
  71. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  78. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  79. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  81. ^ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
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  83. ^ e-Visa
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  87. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  88. ^ Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
  89. ^ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  90. ^ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
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  98. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  104. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  105. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  106. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  108. ^ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  109. ^ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
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  118. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  119. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  120. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  121. ^ Foreign citizens who don’t need visa for entry on the territory of the Republic of Moldova
  122. ^ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
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  124. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  162. ^ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  171. ^ Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
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  346. ^ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  347. ^ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  348. ^ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  349. ^ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  350. ^ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  351. ^ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 Jan 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  352. ^ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
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  355. ^ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 2007-10-26.
  356. ^ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  357. ^ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  358. ^ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  359. ^ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
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  361. ^ AfricaNews (2019-01-14). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
  362. ^ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  363. ^ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  364. ^ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  365. ^ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 2019-04-24.
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  368. ^ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
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