Pleurotus eryngii: Difference between revisions
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==Uses== |
==Uses== |
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The mushroom has a good shelf life and is cultivated widely. It has little flavor or aroma when raw. When cooked, it develops typical mushroom [[umami]] flavors |
The mushroom has a good shelf life and is cultivated widely. It has little flavor or aroma when raw. When cooked, it develops typical mushroom [[umami]] flavors. |
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''Pleurotus eryngii'' may contain chemicals that stimulate the immune system.<ref name="pmid = 18577373"/> Dietary intake of ''Pleurotus eryngii'' may function as cholesterol-lowering dietary agent.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Dietary effect of Pleurotus eryngii on biochemical function and histology in hypercholesterolemic rats|journal = Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences|date = Oct 2011|issn = 1319-562X|pmc = 3730794|pmid = 23961153|pages = 403–409|volume = 18|issue = 4|doi = 10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.07.001|first1 = Nuhu|last1 = Alam|first2 = Ki Nam|last2 = Yoon|first3 = Jae Seong|last3 = Lee|first4 = Hae Jin|last4 = Cho|first5 = Mi Ja|last5 = Shim|first6 = Tae Soo|last6 = Lee}}</ref> |
''Pleurotus eryngii'' may contain chemicals that stimulate the immune system.<ref name="pmid = 18577373"/> Dietary intake of ''Pleurotus eryngii'' may function as cholesterol-lowering dietary agent.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Dietary effect of Pleurotus eryngii on biochemical function and histology in hypercholesterolemic rats|journal = Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences|date = Oct 2011|issn = 1319-562X|pmc = 3730794|pmid = 23961153|pages = 403–409|volume = 18|issue = 4|doi = 10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.07.001|first1 = Nuhu|last1 = Alam|first2 = Ki Nam|last2 = Yoon|first3 = Jae Seong|last3 = Lee|first4 = Hae Jin|last4 = Cho|first5 = Mi Ja|last5 = Shim|first6 = Tae Soo|last6 = Lee}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 06:01, 11 September 2020
| Pleurotus eryngii | |
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| Pleurotus eryngii | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Species: | P. eryngii
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| Binomial name | |
| Pleurotus eryngii | |
Pleurotus eryngii | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is depressed or offset |
 | Hymenium is decurrent |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Spore print is white |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is choice |
Pleurotus eryngii (also known as king trumpet mushroom, French horn mushroom, king oyster mushroom, king brown mushroom, boletus of the steppes,[Note 1] trumpet royale, aliʻi oyster) is an edible mushroom native to Mediterranean regions of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa, but also grown in many parts of Asia.[1]
Description
P. eryngii is the largest species in the oyster mushroom genus, Pleurotus, which also contains the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. It has a thick, meaty white stem and a small tan cap (in young specimens). Its natural range extends from the Atlantic Ocean through the Mediterranean Basin and Central Europe into Western Asia and India.[2] Unlike other species of Pleurotus, which are primarily wood-decay fungi, the P. eryngii complex are also weak parasites on the roots of herbaceous plants, although they may also be cultured on organic wastes.[2][3]
Taxonomy
Its species name is derived from the fact that it grows in association with the roots of Eryngium campestre or other Eryngium plants (English names: 'sea holly' or 'eryngo'). P. eryngii is a species complex, and a number of varieties have been described, with differing plant associates in the carrot family (Apiaceae).
- P. eryngii var. eryngii (DC.) Quél 1872 – associated with Eryngium ssp.
- P. eryngii var. ferulae (Lanzi) Sacc. 1887 – associated with Ferula communis[4]
- P. eryngii var. tingitanus Lewinsohn 2002 – associated with Ferula tingitana[4]
- P. eryngii var. elaeoselini Venturella, Zervakis & La Rocca 2000 – associated with Elaeoselinum asclepium[5][6]
- P. eryngii var. thapsiae Venturella, Zervakis & Saitta 2002 – associated with Thapsia garganica[7]
Other specimens of P. eryngii have been reported in association with plants in the genera Ferulago, Cachrys, Laserpitium, and Diplotaenia.[2]
Molecular studies have shown Pleurotus nebrodensis to be closely related to, but distinct from, P. eryngii.[2] Pleurotus fossulatus may be another closely related species.[2]
Uses
The mushroom has a good shelf life and is cultivated widely. It has little flavor or aroma when raw. When cooked, it develops typical mushroom umami flavors.
Pleurotus eryngii may contain chemicals that stimulate the immune system.[8] Dietary intake of Pleurotus eryngii may function as cholesterol-lowering dietary agent.[9]
Like some other Pleurotus species, P. eryngii attacks nematodes and may provide a control method for these parasites when they infect cats and dogs.[citation needed]
See also
Notes
- ^ The name "boletus of the steppes" is misleading as Pleurotus eryngii is a gilled mushroom in order Agaricales and Boletus is a genus of mushrooms with pores rather than gills in order Boletales.
References
- ^ [1] Archived May 18, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d e Zervakis, Georgios I.; Venturella, Giuseppe; Papadopoulou, Kalliopi (2001). "Genetic polymorphism and taxonomic infrastructure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex as determined by RAPD analysis, isozyme profiles and ecomorphological characters". Microbiology. 147 (11): 3183–3194. doi:10.1099/00221287-147-11-3183. PMID 11700370.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Alma E. Rodriguez Estrada; Daniel J. Royse (February 2008). "Pleurotus eryngii and P. nebrodensis: from the wild to commercial production". Mushroom News. Archived from the original on 2014-06-10.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - ^ a b Lewinsohn, D.; Wasser, S. P.; Reshetnikov, S. V.; Hadar, Y.; Nevo, E. (2002). "The Pleurotus eryngii species-complex in Israel: Distribution and morphological description of a New Taxon". Mycotaxon. 81: 51–67.
- ^ Venturella, G.; Zervakis, G.; La Rocca, S. (2000). "Pleurotus eryngii var. elaeoselini var. nov. from Sicily". Mycotaxon. 76: 419–427.
- ^ Alma E. Rodriguez Estrada; Maria del Mar Jimenez-Gasco; Daniel J. Royse (May–June 2010). "Pleurotus eryngii species complex: Sequence analysis and phylogeny based on partial EF1α and RPB2 genes". Fungal Biology. 114 (5–6): 421–428. doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2010.03.003. PMID 20943152.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - ^ Venturella, G.; G. Zervakis; A. Saitta (2002). "Pleurotus eryngii var. thapsiae var. nov. from Sicily". Mycotaxon. 81: 69–74.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - ^ Nozaki H, Itonori S, Sugita M, Nakamura K, Ohba K, Suzuki A, Kushi Y (Aug 2008), "Mushroom acidic glycosphingolipid induction of cytokine secretion from murine T cells and proliferation of NK1.1 alpha/beta TCR-double positive cells in vitro", Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 373 (3): 435–9, doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.06.047, PMID 18577373
- ^ Alam, Nuhu; Yoon, Ki Nam; Lee, Jae Seong; Cho, Hae Jin; Shim, Mi Ja; Lee, Tae Soo (Oct 2011). "Dietary effect of Pleurotus eryngii on biochemical function and histology in hypercholesterolemic rats". Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 18 (4): 403–409. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.07.001. ISSN 1319-562X. PMC 3730794. PMID 23961153.
Sources
- Rudabe Ravash; Behrouz Shiran; Aziz-Allah Alavi; Fereshteh Bayat; Saeideh Rajaee; Georgios I. Zervakis (2009). "Genetic variability and molecular phylogeny of Pleurotus eryngii species-complex isolates from Iran, and notes on the systematics of Asiatic populations". Mycological Progress. 9 (2): 181–194. doi:10.1007/s11557-009-0624-2. S2CID 19342206.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help)
External links
