Claus' benzene: Difference between revisions
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}}'''Claus' benzene''' (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) is a hypothetical [[hydrocarbon]] and an [[isomer]] of [[benzene]].<ref>''Organic Reactions And Their Mechanisms'' P. S. Kalsi 2000</ref> It was proposed by [[Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus]] in 1867<ref>Claus, Adolph K. L. (1867) "Theoretische Betrachtungen und deren Anwendungen zur Systematik der organischen Chemie" (Theoretical considerations and their applications to the classification scheme of organic chemistry), ''Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Freiburg im Breisgau'' (Reports of the Proceedings of the Scientific Society of Freiburg in Breisgau), '''4''': 116–381. In the section ''Aromatischen Verbindungen'' (aromatic compounds), p. 315–347, Claus presents Kekulé's hypothetical structure for benzene ([http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0339 p. 317]), presents objections to it, presents an alternative geometry ([http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0342 p. 320]), and concludes that his alternative is correct ([http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0348 p. 326]). See also figures on [http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0376 p. 354] or [http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0023&physid=PHYS_0401 p. 379.]</ref> as a possible structure for benzene at a time when the structure of benzene was still being debated. The molecule can be described as a hexagon with carbon atoms positioned at the corners, with each carbon connected to its two ''ortho'' carbons (the nearest carbons) and the one ''para'' carbon connected diametrically.<ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1021/ja00039a058| title = Valence isomers of benzene and their relationship to isomers of isoelectronic P6| year = 1992| last1 = Warren | first1 = D. S.| last2 = Gimarc | first2 = B. M.| journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society| volume = 114| issue = 13| pages = 5378 }}</ref> High [[strain energy]] makes its synthesis impossible.Although it is often referred alongside Dewar Benzene and Prismane, it it not possible to synthesise actually, which Dewar Benzene and Prismane are. <ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1002/anie.200705775| pmid = 18418829| year = 2008| last1 = Hoffmann | first1 = R.| last2 = Hopf | first2 = H.| title = Learning from molecules in distress| volume = 47| issue = 24| pages = 4474–4481| journal = Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English }}</ref> |
}}'''Claus' benzene''' (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) is a hypothetical [[hydrocarbon]] and an [[isomer]] of [[benzene]].<ref>''Organic Reactions And Their Mechanisms'' P. S. Kalsi 2000</ref> It was proposed by [[Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus]] in 1867<ref>Claus, Adolph K. L. (1867) "Theoretische Betrachtungen und deren Anwendungen zur Systematik der organischen Chemie" (Theoretical considerations and their applications to the classification scheme of organic chemistry), ''Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Freiburg im Breisgau'' (Reports of the Proceedings of the Scientific Society of Freiburg in Breisgau), '''4''': 116–381. In the section ''Aromatischen Verbindungen'' (aromatic compounds), p. 315–347, Claus presents Kekulé's hypothetical structure for benzene ([http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0339 p. 317]), presents objections to it, presents an alternative geometry ([http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0342 p. 320]), and concludes that his alternative is correct ([http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0348 p. 326]). See also figures on [http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0021&physid=PHYS_0376 p. 354] or [http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/en/dms/loader/img/?PID=PPN623920514_0004|LOG_0023&physid=PHYS_0401 p. 379.]</ref> as a possible structure for benzene at a time when the structure of benzene was still being debated. The molecule can be described as a hexagon with carbon atoms positioned at the corners, with each carbon connected to its two ''ortho'' carbons (the nearest carbons) and the one ''para'' carbon connected diametrically.<ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1021/ja00039a058| title = Valence isomers of benzene and their relationship to isomers of isoelectronic P6| year = 1992| last1 = Warren | first1 = D. S.| last2 = Gimarc | first2 = B. M.| journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society| volume = 114| issue = 13| pages = 5378 }}</ref> High [[strain energy]] makes its synthesis impossible. Although it is often referred alongside Dewar Benzene and Prismane, it it not possible to synthesise it actually, which Dewar Benzene and Prismane are. <ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1002/anie.200705775| pmid = 18418829| year = 2008| last1 = Hoffmann | first1 = R.| last2 = Hopf | first2 = H.| title = Learning from molecules in distress| volume = 47| issue = 24| pages = 4474–4481| journal = Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 16:22, 24 September 2020
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3D model (JSmol)
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Claus' benzene (C6H6) is a hypothetical hydrocarbon and an isomer of benzene.[1] It was proposed by Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus in 1867[2] as a possible structure for benzene at a time when the structure of benzene was still being debated. The molecule can be described as a hexagon with carbon atoms positioned at the corners, with each carbon connected to its two ortho carbons (the nearest carbons) and the one para carbon connected diametrically.[3] High strain energy makes its synthesis impossible. Although it is often referred alongside Dewar Benzene and Prismane, it it not possible to synthesise it actually, which Dewar Benzene and Prismane are. [4]
References
- ^ Organic Reactions And Their Mechanisms P. S. Kalsi 2000
- ^ Claus, Adolph K. L. (1867) "Theoretische Betrachtungen und deren Anwendungen zur Systematik der organischen Chemie" (Theoretical considerations and their applications to the classification scheme of organic chemistry), Berichte über die Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Freiburg im Breisgau (Reports of the Proceedings of the Scientific Society of Freiburg in Breisgau), 4: 116–381. In the section Aromatischen Verbindungen (aromatic compounds), p. 315–347, Claus presents Kekulé's hypothetical structure for benzene (p. 317), presents objections to it, presents an alternative geometry (p. 320), and concludes that his alternative is correct (p. 326). See also figures on p. 354 or p. 379.
- ^ Warren, D. S.; Gimarc, B. M. (1992). "Valence isomers of benzene and their relationship to isomers of isoelectronic P6". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 114 (13): 5378. doi:10.1021/ja00039a058.
- ^ Hoffmann, R.; Hopf, H. (2008). "Learning from molecules in distress". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. 47 (24): 4474–4481. doi:10.1002/anie.200705775. PMID 18418829.