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Born into an environment of relative wealth – his father, Franz Joseph Baader, became [[Duke Clement Francis of Bavaria|Duke Clement of Bavaria's]] personal physician in 1768{{sfn|Ebnet|2016|p=66}} – he originally also pursued a career in medicine. However, following his graduation in 1785, he decided to shift to studies of mathematics and physics instead, widening his knowledge in these areas through a study trip to England from 1787–1795,{{sfn|Rieck|2015|p=90}} where he worked as a civil engineer.{{sfn|Schmid|Weigand|2005|p=268}}
Born into an environment of relative wealth – his father, Franz Joseph Baader, became [[Duke Clement Francis of Bavaria|Duke Clement of Bavaria's]] personal physician in 1768{{sfn|Ebnet|2016|p=66}} – he originally also pursued a career in medicine. However, following his graduation in 1785, he decided to shift to studies of mathematics and physics instead, widening his knowledge in these areas through a study trip to England from 1787–1795,{{sfn|Rieck|2015|p=90}} where he worked as a civil engineer.{{sfn|Schmid|Weigand|2005|p=268}}


After this period, he returned to Bavaria, where he joined the [[Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities|Bavarian Academy of Sciences]] in 1796.<ref name="NDB">{{cite web|url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/gnd119368765.html#ndbcontent|title=Deutsche Biographie - Baader, Joseph von|publisher=[[Neue Deutsche Biographie]]|language=de|access-date=15 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> His theory of suction published in 1797 attracted the attention of the Elector [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria]], who in 1802 commissioned Baader with the creation of new fountains for the Nymphenburg Palace Park.{{sfn|Bayern|1950|p=70}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hdbg.eu/koenigreich/index.php/personen/index/herrscher_id/2/id/45|title=Baader, Joseph von|publisher=Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte|language=de|access-date=15 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.schloss-nymphenburg.de/deutsch/park/ny_baader.pdf|title=200 Jahre Fontänen im Schlosspark Nymphenburg|website=www.schloss-nymphenburg.de|language=de|format=pdf|access-date=15 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1805, [[Napoleon|Napoleon Bonaparte]] called him to Paris, where he submitted plans for the development of a new engine for the [[Machine de Marly]],<ref>{{cite book|title=The Eclectic Review|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=xNcEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1057#v=onepage&q&f=false|publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, Paternoster-Row.|location=London|year=1806|volume=2|pages=1057–1058}}</ref> though these were never realized.<ref name="NDB"/> Starting in 1807, he began advocating for the construction of railway lines, his involvement in this cause going as far as to present a working model of a railcar in 1818, which he developed into a fully-sized machine in the following years.{{sfn|Siber|1836|p=9}} In 1815, Baader acquired the patent for a freight wagon that was able to travel by rail and road. In 1832, in order to develop the country to build a railway from Rosenheim via Miesbach, Tölz, Iffeldorf to Lechbruck and a canal from Iffeldorf to Lake Starnberg and on to Munich, Baader made a plea for a railway connection from Munich to Starnberg.{{sfn|Baader|1832|p=3}}
After this period, he returned to Bavaria, where he joined the [[Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities|Bavarian Academy of Sciences]] in 1796.<ref name="NDB">{{cite web|url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/gnd119368765.html#ndbcontent|title=Deutsche Biographie - Baader, Joseph von|publisher=[[Neue Deutsche Biographie]]|language=de|access-date=15 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> His theory of suction published in 1797 attracted the attention of the Elector [[Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria]], who in 1802 commissioned Baader with the creation of new fountains for the Nymphenburg Palace Park.{{sfn|Bayern|1950|p=70}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hdbg.eu/koenigreich/index.php/personen/index/herrscher_id/2/id/45|title=Baader, Joseph von|publisher=Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte|language=de|access-date=15 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.schloss-nymphenburg.de/deutsch/park/ny_baader.pdf|title=200 Jahre Fontänen im Schlosspark Nymphenburg|website=www.schloss-nymphenburg.de|language=de|access-date=15 May 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1805, [[Napoleon|Napoleon Bonaparte]] called him to Paris, where he submitted plans for the development of a new engine for the [[Machine de Marly]],<ref>{{cite book|title=The Eclectic Review|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xNcEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1057|publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, Paternoster-Row.|location=London|year=1806|volume=2|pages=1057–1058}}</ref> though these were never realized.<ref name="NDB"/> Starting in 1807, he began advocating for the construction of railway lines, his involvement in this cause going as far as to present a working model of a railcar in 1818, which he developed into a fully-sized machine in the following years.{{sfn|Siber|1836|p=9}} In 1815, Baader acquired the patent for a freight wagon that was able to travel by rail and road. In 1832, in order to develop the country to build a railway from Rosenheim via Miesbach, Tölz, Iffeldorf to Lechbruck and a canal from Iffeldorf to Lake Starnberg and on to Munich, Baader made a plea for a railway connection from Munich to Starnberg.{{sfn|Baader|1832|p=3}}


In 1810, he invented what is hypothesized to have been the first modern [[pedalo|pedal boat]].{{sfn|Barth|1811|p=234}} He was raised to Bavarian nobility in 1813.<ref>{{cite book|title=Königlich-Baierisches Regierungsblatt|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=1bhEAAAAcAAJ|language=de|year=1813|pages=986–987}}</ref>
In 1810, he invented what is hypothesized to have been the first modern [[pedalo|pedal boat]].{{sfn|Barth|1811|p=234}} He was raised to Bavarian nobility in 1813.<ref>{{cite book|title=Königlich-Baierisches Regierungsblatt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1bhEAAAAcAAJ|language=de|year=1813|pages=986–987|author1 = Bayern}}</ref>


Following the death of his daughter, Caroline, in 1834, von Baader's own health also began to deteriorate. He died on 20 November 1835.{{sfn|Siber|1836|p=9}}
Following the death of his daughter, Caroline, in 1834, von Baader's own health also began to deteriorate. He died on 20 November 1835.{{sfn|Siber|1836|p=9}}
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==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|title=Vorschlag zur Herstellung einer Eisenbahn zwischen München und Starnberg|last=Baader|first=Joseph von|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=WE5PAAAAcAAJ|publisher=Georg Franz|location=Munich|language=de|year=1832}}
* {{cite book|title=Vorschlag zur Herstellung einer Eisenbahn zwischen München und Starnberg|last=Baader|first=Joseph von|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WE5PAAAAcAAJ|publisher=Georg Franz|location=Munich|language=de|year=1832}}
* {{cite book|title=Annalen der Physik|last=Barth|first=Johann Ambrosius|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=M3wUAQAAMAAJ|volume=38|language=de|year=1811}}
* {{cite book|title=Annalen der Physik|last=Barth|first=Johann Ambrosius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M3wUAQAAMAAJ|volume=38|language=de|year=1811}}
* {{cite book|title=Nymphenburg und seine Bewohner|last=Bayern|first=Adalbert von|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=BDOnDwAAQBAJ|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|language=de|year=1950}}
* {{cite book|title=Nymphenburg und seine Bewohner|last=Bayern|first=Adalbert von|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BDOnDwAAQBAJ|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|language=de|year=1950|isbn=9783486776195}}
* {{cite book|title=Sie haben in München gelebt: Biografien aus acht Jahrhunderten|last=Ebnet|first=Werner|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=vwBdDAAAQBAJ|publisher=Allitera Verlag|language=de|year=2016|isbn=978-3-86906-744-5}}
* {{cite book|title=Sie haben in München gelebt: Biografien aus acht Jahrhunderten|last=Ebnet|first=Werner|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vwBdDAAAQBAJ|publisher=Allitera Verlag|language=de|year=2016|isbn=978-3-86906-744-5}}
* {{cite book|title=Friedrich Koenig und die Erfindung der Schnellpresse|last=Rieck|first=Eckhard|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=b6Z4DwAAQBAJ|publisher=Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft München|language=de|year=2015|isbn=978-3-96091-049-7}}
* {{cite book|title=Friedrich Koenig und die Erfindung der Schnellpresse|last=Rieck|first=Eckhard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b6Z4DwAAQBAJ|publisher=Akademische Verlagsgemeinschaft München|language=de|year=2015|isbn=978-3-96091-049-7}}
* {{cite book|title=Bayern mitten in Europa: von Frühmittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert|last1=Schmid|first1=Alois|last2=Weigand|first2=Katharina|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=wfaId5ik3BUC|publisher=C.H. Beck|language=de|year=2005|isbn=3-406-52898-8}}
* {{cite book|title=Bayern mitten in Europa: von Frühmittelalter bis ins 20. Jahrhundert|last1=Schmid|first1=Alois|last2=Weigand|first2=Katharina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wfaId5ik3BUC|publisher=C.H. Beck|language=de|year=2005|isbn=3-406-52898-8}}
* {{cite book|title=Gedächtnißrede auf den verstorbenen königlichen Oberbergrath Joseph von Baader|last=Siber|first=Thaddäus|url=https://books.google.de/books?id=UdVEAAAAcAAJ|publisher=Wolf|language=de|year=1836}}
* {{cite book|title=Gedächtnißrede auf den verstorbenen königlichen Oberbergrath Joseph von Baader|last=Siber|first=Thaddäus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UdVEAAAAcAAJ|publisher=Wolf|language=de|year=1836}}




Revision as of 17:59, 2 October 2020

Joseph von Baader
Baader in an oil painting stored at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences
Born
Joseph Baader

(1763-09-30)30 September 1763
Munich
Died20 November 1835(1835-11-20) (aged 72)
Munich
NationalityGerman
Occupation(s)Engineer and medical doctor
Known forRailway pioneer in Bavaria
RelativesFranz Xaver von Baader (1765–1841; brother)
Johann Adam Schöpf (1702–1772; grandfather

Joseph von Baader (30 September 1763 – 20 November 1835) was a German engineer and medical doctor, chiefly known for his role as a pioneer of railway transport in Bavaria, alongside Joseph Anton von Maffei and Theodor von Cramer-Klett. He was the brother of mining engineer and Catholic theologian Franz Xaver von Baader.

Life

Born into an environment of relative wealth – his father, Franz Joseph Baader, became Duke Clement of Bavaria's personal physician in 1768[1] – he originally also pursued a career in medicine. However, following his graduation in 1785, he decided to shift to studies of mathematics and physics instead, widening his knowledge in these areas through a study trip to England from 1787–1795,[2] where he worked as a civil engineer.[3]

After this period, he returned to Bavaria, where he joined the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in 1796.[4] His theory of suction published in 1797 attracted the attention of the Elector Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, who in 1802 commissioned Baader with the creation of new fountains for the Nymphenburg Palace Park.[5][6][7] In 1805, Napoleon Bonaparte called him to Paris, where he submitted plans for the development of a new engine for the Machine de Marly,[8] though these were never realized.[4] Starting in 1807, he began advocating for the construction of railway lines, his involvement in this cause going as far as to present a working model of a railcar in 1818, which he developed into a fully-sized machine in the following years.[9] In 1815, Baader acquired the patent for a freight wagon that was able to travel by rail and road. In 1832, in order to develop the country to build a railway from Rosenheim via Miesbach, Tölz, Iffeldorf to Lechbruck and a canal from Iffeldorf to Lake Starnberg and on to Munich, Baader made a plea for a railway connection from Munich to Starnberg.[10]

In 1810, he invented what is hypothesized to have been the first modern pedal boat.[11] He was raised to Bavarian nobility in 1813.[12]

Following the death of his daughter, Caroline, in 1834, von Baader's own health also began to deteriorate. He died on 20 November 1835.[9]

Notes

  1. ^ Ebnet 2016, p. 66.
  2. ^ Rieck 2015, p. 90.
  3. ^ Schmid & Weigand 2005, p. 268.
  4. ^ a b "Deutsche Biographie - Baader, Joseph von" (in German). Neue Deutsche Biographie. Retrieved 15 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ Bayern 1950, p. 70.
  6. ^ "Baader, Joseph von" (in German). Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte. Retrieved 15 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ "200 Jahre Fontänen im Schlosspark Nymphenburg" (PDF). www.schloss-nymphenburg.de (in German). Retrieved 15 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ The Eclectic Review. Vol. 2. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, Paternoster-Row. 1806. pp. 1057–1058.
  9. ^ a b Siber 1836, p. 9.
  10. ^ Baader 1832, p. 3.
  11. ^ Barth 1811, p. 234.
  12. ^ Bayern (1813). Königlich-Baierisches Regierungsblatt (in German). pp. 986–987.

Bibliography



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