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'''Pretty Nose''' (b. {{circa}} 1851) was an [[Arapaho]] woman who participated in the [[Battle of the Little Bighorn]] who lived to be at least 101 years old and became a war chief.<ref name="aljaz">{{cite web|url=http://projects.aljazeera.com/2014/native-veterans/soldier-wolf/|title=The Story of Soldier Wolf|author=Tristan Ahtone|publisher=[[Al Jazeera America]]|date=September 28, 2014|accessdate=July 26, 2015|archive-date=October 1, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001022839/http://projects.aljazeera.com/2014/native-veterans/soldier-wolf/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/frontieryearsla00brow |title=The Frontier Years: L. A. Huffman, Photographer of the Plains |publisher=Holt |location=New York |author1=Mark Herbert Brown |author2=William Reid Felton |year=1955 |page=[https://archive.org/details/frontieryearsla00brow/page/202 202]-[https://archive.org/details/frontieryearsla00brow/page/204 204] }}</ref><ref name="VoA">{{cite web |last1=Hilleary |first1=Cecily |title=Smithsonian to Honor Native American Veterans With National Memorial |url=https://www.voanews.com/usa/smithsonian-honor-native-american-veterans-national-memorial |publisher=Voice of America |accessdate=1 October 2020 |archive-date=15 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115115100/https://www.voanews.com/usa/smithsonian-honor-native-american-veterans-national-memorial |url-status=live }}</ref> Her portrait photos by [[Laton Alton Huffman]] have been frequently reproduced.
'''Pretty Nose''' (b. {{circa}} 1851) was an [[Arapaho]] woman who participated in the [[Battle of the Little Bighorn]] who lived to be at least 101 years old and reportedly became a war chief.<ref name="aljaz">{{cite web|url=http://projects.aljazeera.com/2014/native-veterans/soldier-wolf/|title=The Story of Soldier Wolf|author=Tristan Ahtone|publisher=[[Al Jazeera America]]|date=September 28, 2014|accessdate=July 26, 2015|archive-date=October 1, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001022839/http://projects.aljazeera.com/2014/native-veterans/soldier-wolf/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/frontieryearsla00brow |title=The Frontier Years: L. A. Huffman, Photographer of the Plains |publisher=Holt |location=New York |author1=Mark Herbert Brown |author2=William Reid Felton |year=1955 |page=[https://archive.org/details/frontieryearsla00brow/page/202 202]-[https://archive.org/details/frontieryearsla00brow/page/204 204] }}</ref><ref name="VoA">{{cite web |last1=Hilleary |first1=Cecily |title=Smithsonian to Honor Native American Veterans With National Memorial |url=https://www.voanews.com/usa/smithsonian-honor-native-american-veterans-national-memorial |publisher=Voice of America |accessdate=1 October 2020 |archive-date=15 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115115100/https://www.voanews.com/usa/smithsonian-honor-native-american-veterans-national-memorial |url-status=live }}</ref> Her portrait photos by [[Laton Alton Huffman]] have been frequently reproduced.


== Biography ==
== Biography ==

Revision as of 00:38, 16 October 2020

Pretty Nose
Pretty Nose in 1879, with woven cloth belt and buffalo robe
Bornc. 1851[1]
NationalityArapaho
Known forParticipation in the Battle of the Little Bighorn
RelativesMark Soldier Wolf (descendant)

Pretty Nose (b. c. 1851) was an Arapaho woman who participated in the Battle of the Little Bighorn who lived to be at least 101 years old and reportedly became a war chief.[1][2][3] Her portrait photos by Laton Alton Huffman have been frequently reproduced.

Biography

Pretty Nose was Arapaho, though in some sources she is referred to as Cheyenne.[4] She was identified as Arapaho on the basis of her red, black and white beaded cuffs.[1][A]

Pretty Nose took part in the Battle of the Little Bighorn in 1876 with a combined Cheyenne/Arapaho detachment.[5]

Pretty Nose's descendant, Mark Soldier Wolf, became an Arapaho tribal elder who served in the US Marine Corps during the Korean War. She witnessed his return to the Wind River Indian Reservation in 1952, at the age of 101. At the time he reported her wearing cuffs that he said indicated she was a war chief.[1]

Pretty Nose was portrayed in the 2017 novel The Vengeance of Mothers: The Journals of Margaret Kelly & Molly McGill by Jim Fergus.[6][7]

Photographs

A photograph taken by Laton Alton Huffman c. 1880 shows Pretty Nose with a young woman named Spotted Fawn.[8] One source from the Montana Memory Project implies that they were sisters.[9] At least one other photo of Spotted Fawn alone exists and is held by the Art Institute of Chicago.[10] She appeared in several of silver prints by Huffman, and they are now part of the collection of the Princeton Library.[B] An 1879 photograph taken at Fort Keogh, Montana, was used in the 2003 book, The West: An Illustrated History,[12] and on the cover and interior of the 2005 book, The Spirit of Indian Women.[13]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ The two tribes were allies at the Battle of the Little Bighorn and are still officially grouped together as the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes.
  2. ^ Ten photographs include: "Pretty Nose, Cheyenne, Fort Keogh," "Spotted Fawn and Pretty Nose, Cheyenne," "Four Sioux Women," "Sits Down Spotted, Crow Warrior," "Spotted Elk, Head Warrior, Minneconjoux Sioux," "High Bear, Ogalala Sioux," "Pretty Eyes, Cheyenne Maid," "Sioux Mother and Daughters," "Four Sioux Women," "Spotted Bear, Hankapapa Sioux," "He Noo Ke (Youngest Girl), Moorhead," and "Fort Keogh, Minnesota."[11]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d Tristan Ahtone (September 28, 2014). "The Story of Soldier Wolf". Al Jazeera America. Archived from the original on October 1, 2015. Retrieved July 26, 2015.
  2. ^ Mark Herbert Brown; William Reid Felton (1955). The Frontier Years: L. A. Huffman, Photographer of the Plains. New York: Holt. p. 202-204.
  3. ^ Hilleary, Cecily. "Smithsonian to Honor Native American Veterans With National Memorial". Voice of America. Archived from the original on 15 January 2020. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
  4. ^ "Pretty Nose, Cheyenne Girl, Fort Keogh. [Picture]". ArchiveGrid. Archived from the original on October 9, 2020. Retrieved July 26, 2015.
  5. ^ "Women warriors". Northern Arapaho Tribal Historic Preservation Office. June 25, 2020. Archived from the original on October 4, 2020. Retrieved October 9, 2020.
  6. ^ Fergus, Jim (2017-09-12). The Vengeance of Mothers: The Journals of Margaret Kelly & Molly McGill. St. Martin's Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-250-09342-4.
  7. ^ Jane Krebs (September 21, 2017). "The Vengeance of Mothers: The Journals of Margaret Kelly & Molly McGill". BookReporter. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  8. ^ ""Spotted Fawn" & "Pretty Nose," Cheyenne". Princeton University Library. Archived from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  9. ^ "Cheyenne Girls. Sisters". Montana Historical Society. 1878. Archived from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  10. ^ "Spotted Fawn, Cheyenne bride". The Art Institute of Chicago. Archived from the original on November 19, 2015. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
  11. ^ "New and Notable" (PDF). The Princeton University Library Chronicle. 58 (1): 119. Autumn 1996. JSTOR 10.25290/prinunivlibrchro.58.1.0106.
  12. ^ Geoffrey C. Ward, The West: An Illustrated History (2003), p. xii.
  13. ^ Fitzgerald, Judith; Fitzgerald, Michael Oren (2005). "The Spirit of Indian Women".
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