Digitalis ciliata: Difference between revisions
Leo Breman (talk | contribs) false cit. |
Leo Breman (talk | contribs) fill out ref.; common names uncited |
||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
'''''Digitalis ciliata''''', the '''yellow Caucasus foxglove''',<ref name=rareplants2012>http://www.rareplants.de. 2012. ''Digitalis ciliata'' (Yellow Caucasus Foxglove). Web 30 April 2012. http://www.rareplants.de/shop/product.asp?P_ID=11983</ref> |
'''''Digitalis ciliata''''', also called the '''yellow Caucasus foxglove''',<ref name=rareplants2012>http://www.rareplants.de. 2012. ''Digitalis ciliata'' (Yellow Caucasus Foxglove). Web 30 April 2012. http://www.rareplants.de/shop/product.asp?P_ID=11983</ref> is a member of the genus ''[[Digitalis]]'', which is well known both for its beautiful bell-shaped flowers and use of the chemicals found mainly in the leaves and the seeds for treatment of heart conditions and potential anti-proliferative use in cancer. |
||
==Description== |
==Description== |
||
Individuals of these species are [[herbaceous|herbs]] that grow from anywhere between 30 cm and 60 cm tall. They have an alternate leaf pattern with small green [[lanceolate]] leaves<ref name=rareplants2012/> that are known for both their medicinal purposes and high toxicity when ingested. The flowers are located at the terminals of the branches and are arranged in a raceme [[inflorescence]] pattern.<ref name="Perrone A 2012">Perrone |
Individuals of these species are [[herbaceous|herbs]] that grow from anywhere between 30 cm and 60 cm tall. They have an alternate leaf pattern with small green [[lanceolate]] leaves<ref name=rareplants2012/> that are known for both their medicinal purposes and high toxicity when ingested. The flowers are located at the terminals of the branches and are arranged in a raceme [[inflorescence]] pattern.<ref name="Perrone A 2012">{{cite journal|last=Perrone |first=Angela |last2=Capassoa |first2=Anna |last3=Festaa |first3=Michela |last4=Kemertelidzeb |first4=Ether |last5=Pizzaa |first5=Cosimo |last6=Skhirtladzeb |first6=Alexandre |last7=Piacente |first7=Sonia |date=April 2012 |title=Antiproliferative steroidal glycosides from ''Digitalis ciliata'' |journal=Fitoterapia |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=554-562 |doi=10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.020}}</ref><ref name="The Great Soviet Encyclopedia">The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. Web 30 April 2012. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Digitalis</ref> |
||
===Flowers and fruit=== |
===Flowers and fruit=== |
||
The flowers of ''Digitalis ciliata'' are a distinguishing feature that gave the entire genus its name, as it has a campanulate structure that also resembles a thimble and fits on the tip of the finger. The [[perianth]] has five parts and the color of the [[Corolla (botany)|corolla]] is a pale-yellow. The species |
The flowers of ''Digitalis ciliata'' are a distinguishing feature that gave the entire genus its name, as it has a campanulate structure that also resembles a thimble and fits on the tip of the finger. The [[perianth]] has five parts and the color of the [[Corolla (botany)|corolla]] is a pale-yellow. The [[species epithet]], ''ciliata'', is indicative of the tiny “hairs” that are apparent on the upper and lower lips of the corolla. There are also tiny hairs that cover the leaves of the plant. The fruit is a capsule.<ref name="Perrone A 2012"/><ref name="The Great Soviet Encyclopedia"/> |
||
==Distribution== |
==Distribution== |
||
Revision as of 19:51, 22 November 2020
| Digitalis ciliata | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Plantaginaceae |
| Genus: | Digitalis |
| Species: | D. ciliata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Digitalis ciliata | |
Digitalis ciliata, also called the yellow Caucasus foxglove,[1] is a member of the genus Digitalis, which is well known both for its beautiful bell-shaped flowers and use of the chemicals found mainly in the leaves and the seeds for treatment of heart conditions and potential anti-proliferative use in cancer.
Description
Individuals of these species are herbs that grow from anywhere between 30 cm and 60 cm tall. They have an alternate leaf pattern with small green lanceolate leaves[1] that are known for both their medicinal purposes and high toxicity when ingested. The flowers are located at the terminals of the branches and are arranged in a raceme inflorescence pattern.[2][3]
Flowers and fruit
The flowers of Digitalis ciliata are a distinguishing feature that gave the entire genus its name, as it has a campanulate structure that also resembles a thimble and fits on the tip of the finger. The perianth has five parts and the color of the corolla is a pale-yellow. The species epithet, ciliata, is indicative of the tiny “hairs” that are apparent on the upper and lower lips of the corolla. There are also tiny hairs that cover the leaves of the plant. The fruit is a capsule.[2][3]
Distribution
Digitalis ciliata is native to the Caucasus area.[4]
Ecology
Digitalis ciliata can be found in meadows, pastures, in the margins of forests, and also on slopes, as it is indigenous to mountainous terrain.[2]
Uses
Horticulture
It can also be grown throughout the world where there is warm enough weather and well-drained yet moist soil. It can be grown as an ornamental plant in both Europe and North America.
Medicinal
Digitalis ciliata is used to isolate cardenolide glycolosides and is abundant in basically all of the glycosides that the Digitalis genus is known for. These common glycosides include digitoxigenin, gitoxigenin, digoxigenin, gitaloxigenin, and diginatigenin.[2]
The seeds of D. ciliata are rich in the steroid glycoside digitonin, along with other lipids that are important in cardiac treatments.[5]
Not only is D. ciliata useful in the cardiac sector of medicine, but its anti-proliferative roles are also being looked into for its possible role in suppressing tumors. There may be evidence that the saponins found in this species have an anti-tumor effect by aiding in cell cycle arrest and cell death, or apoptosis.[2]
References
- ^ a b http://www.rareplants.de. 2012. Digitalis ciliata (Yellow Caucasus Foxglove). Web 30 April 2012. http://www.rareplants.de/shop/product.asp?P_ID=11983
- ^ a b c d e Perrone, Angela; Capassoa, Anna; Festaa, Michela; Kemertelidzeb, Ether; Pizzaa, Cosimo; Skhirtladzeb, Alexandre; Piacente, Sonia (April 2012). "Antiproliferative steroidal glycosides from Digitalis ciliata". Fitoterapia. 83 (3): 554–562. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2011.12.020.
- ^ a b The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979). © 2010 The Gale Group, Inc. Web 30 April 2012. http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Digitalis
- ^ Chittaranjan Kole (31 August 2011). Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources: Plantation and Ornamental Crops. Springer. p. 78. ISBN 978-3-642-21200-0. Retrieved 31 August 2012.
- ^ Kemertelidze, E. 2007. Biologically Active Compounds and original remedies from plants growing in Georgia. pp. 91-93. http://www.science.org.ge/2007-vol1/91-95.pdf[permanent dead link]