Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb

Shelsley Walsh

Location	Shelsley Walsh, Worcestershire, England
Time zone	GMT
Opened	1905
Major Events	British Hill Climb Championship
Hill Length	1,000 yards (910 m)
Hill Record	22.58 (Martin Groves, 2008, British Hill Climb Championship)

The Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb is a hillclimb in Shelsley Walsh, Worcestershire, England, organised by the Midland Automobile Club (MAC). It is one of the oldest motorsport events in the world, and is in fact the oldest to have been staged continuously (wartime excepted) on its original course, first having been run in 1905. On that first occasion, the course was 992 yards (907 m) in length, but in 1907 it was standardised at 1000 yards (914 m), the length it remains today.

Shelsley Walsh is a notably steep course by the standards of today's hillclimbs. It rises 328 feet (100 m) during its length, for an average gradient of 1 in 9.14 (10.9%), with the steepest section being as much as 1 in 6.24 (16%). This makes Shelsley a hill on which power is important, and on which the gap in times between the most powerful cars and the rest is greater than at many other venues. It is also narrow, being no more than 12 feet (3.66 m) wide at some points.

History

Early years

The winner of the first event, held on Saturday 12 August 1905, was Ernest Instone (35 hp Daimler), who established the hill record by recording a time of 77.6 seconds for an average speed of 26.15 mph (42.08 km/h). However, at that time hillclimbs were not strictly speed events at all, performances being rated in terms of a formula based on power and cars of 20 hp or more being required to be four-seaters and to carry passengers. All cars were required to carry full touring trim and a full load of passengers. The winner was calculated by multiplying the car's time in seconds by the horsepower, and then divided by the total weight (including the weight of the driver and passengers and any ballast). There was also the question of whether a particular car would make it up the hill at all. In fact, in these early years, drivers' actual times were not even announced to spectators.

Shelsley Walsh winners from 1905 to 1912

Year	Date	Winner on Formula Driver (Make)	Fastest Time Driver (Make)	Time (seconds)
1905	12 August	G.F. Heath (De Dion)	E.M.C. Instone (Daimler)	77.6
1906	16 June	T.W. Husband (Alldays)	F.A. Coleman (White)	80.6
1907	14 July	T.W.Bowen (Talbot)	J.E. Hutton (Berliet)	67.2
1908		P.C. Kidner (Vauxhall)	S.F. Edge (Napier)	65.4
1909		P.C. Kidner (Vauxhall)	H.C. Holder (Daimler)	68.4
1910		R. Lisle (Star)	O.S. Thompson (Austin)	70.2
1911	10 June	P.C. Kidner (Vauxhall)	H.C. Holder (Daimler)	63.4
1912	22 June	C. Bianchi (Crossley)	J. Higginson (La Buire)	68.8

First speed events

Restrictions on competing cars were dropped from 1913, meaning that specialised racing cars were now eligible to enter Shelsley. Unsurprisingly, climbs immediately became much faster, and on 7 June 1913, Joseph Higginson's Vauxhall 30-98 recorded the best time of the day: 55.2 seconds, more than eight seconds faster than H. C. Holder's mark of 63.4 seconds which had been set just two years before. The First World War intervened and hillclimbing did not resume until July 1920. The formula competition continued into the 1920s but focus quickly shifted towards earning fastest time of the day (FTD). Awards were also given for a cyclecar class in 1913, and a light car class from 1920–1922, and also recognised was the fastest amateur driver who was a member of the organising club, known as the closed winner.

Shelsley Walsh winners from 1913 to 1922

Year	Date	Class	Winner on Time Driver (Make)	Time (seconds)	Winner on Formula Driver (Make)
1913	7 June	Open	L. Hands (Talbot)A	57.2	H.G. Day (Talbot)
		Cyclecar	W.D. South (Morgan)	91.4	G.W. Hands (Calthorpe)
1920	3 July	Open	C.A. Bird (Sunbeam)	58.6	L.T. Kings (Austin)
		Closed	G.D. Pearce-Jones (Vauxhall)	60.2	J.A. Barber-Lomax (Vauxhall)
		Light Car	A. Frazer-Nash (G.N.)	60.2	C.C. Ash (Hillman)
1921	10 September	Open	C.A. Bird (Sunbeam)	52.2	A. Waite (Austin)
		Light Car	A. Frazer-Nash (G.N.)	54.8	W.F. Milward (Charron-Laycock)
		Closed	G.A. Vandervell (Talbot)	63.0	J.A. Barber-Lomax (Vauxhall)
1922	29 August	Open	M.C. Park (Vauxhall)	53.8	L. King (Austin)
		Closed	H.W. Cook (Vauxhall)	56.8	H.W. Cook (Vauxhall)
		Light Car	H.K. Moir (Aston Martin)	57.2	L. Martin (Aston Martin)

^A Joseph Higginson set a time of 55.2 seconds on his third run but at the time only a driver's first run counted.

1920s

Times continued to come down, and during the 1920s the emphasis moved firmly away from reliability and onto speed. A new generation of competitors emerged with Count Zborowski of Chitty Bang Bang fame driving a Sunbeam in 1921 and Raymond Mays taking to the hill for the first time in a self tuned Hillman. Basil Davenport was perhaps Shelsley's first "superstar", breaking the hill record four times between 1926 and 1928 in his GN "Spider", but even more significant was the appearance on the hill of Raymond Mays. Starting in 1923, numerous class awards were introduced, at first for different engine capacities but later also dividing cars into touring, sports and racing types as well. Starting in 1926, it was decided to hold two events per year, with the closed competition taking place at the earlier meeting, and the open event later in the year.

Shelsley Walsh winners from 1923 to 1929

Year	Date	Type	Winner on Time Driver (Make)	Time (seconds)
1923	8 September	Open	R. Mays (Bugatti)	52.4B
		Closed	R. Mays (Bugatti)	52.4B
1924	19 July	Open	C. Paul (Beardmore)	50.5
1925	23 May	Open	H.O.D. Segrave (Sunbeam)	53.8
1926	July	Closed	E.R. Hall (Vauxhall)C	56.6
	4 September	Open	B.H. Davenport (Frazer Nash)C	48.8
1927	2 July	Closed	B.H. Davenport (Frazer Nash)	50.0
	24 September	Open	B.H. Davenport (Frazer Nash)	47.8
1928	5 May	Closed	B.H. Davenport (Frazer Nash)	46.8
	28 July	Open	B.H. Davenport (Frazer Nash)	46.2
1929	May	Closed	B.H. Davenport (Frazer Nash)	46.2
	14 September	Open	R. Mays (Vauxhall-Villiers)	45.6

^B Raymond Mays improved his time to 51.9 seconds later in the day but this was not considered to be official.

^C Due to rain the unlimited racing cars did not set times, with their runs postponed to the already scheduled September meeting. Davenport's time in the September meeting won both the Open meeting and the postponed Amateur unlimited racing class.

1930s

The 1930s were a golden era for Shelsley. The track was now asphalt rather than gravel, and the likes of Mays, Hans Stuck, and Whitney Straight battled for supremacy in International events. At the last meeting before World War II, in June 1939, Mays set a new record of 37.37 seconds in his ERA R4D.

Post war

Patsy Burt's 360 bhp McLaren-Oldsmobile, holder of the ladies' course record from 1967 to 1978. Ron Smith, Patsy Burt's then chief mechanic invented the, now compulsory, Burt strut timing bar.

Hillclimbing resumed at the track in 1947, and the 1950s saw a move from Saturday to Sunday meetings, despite protests from, among others, the Lord's Day Observance Society. Several Formula One drivers competed regularly at Shelsley in this era, among them four-time British Hill Climb Championship winner Ken Wharton who broke the hill record on four occasions, and Tony Marsh. The young Stirling Moss would have made his competition debut at Shelsley in 1947, but the entry list was full; he had to be content with a win in 1948.

The first sub-30 second climb at Shelsley was made by David Hepworth in 1971 in his own four-wheel-drive Hepworth FF, and little by little the outright record was chipped away - particularly by Alister Douglas-Osborn, who broke it no fewer than eight times between 1976 and 1983 - until Richard Brown brought it down to 25.34 seconds in 1992. However, an increasingly uneven surface made smooth runs more difficult, and around the start of the 21st century, the 25 second barrier had still not been broken. Meanwhile, the MAC had a much more pressing problem to confront.

The land on which the Shelsley course is run is not owned by the MAC, but is rather leased from a local landowner. The original lease, taken out in 1905, ran for the common length of 99 years - which meant that a solution was urgently needed if 2004 was not to mark the end of hillclimbing at the venue. The owners of the land would not consider selling it outright, but were prepared to extend the lease (by a further 99 years). This, however, would cost a very substantial sum of money, and so the MAC launched the Shelsley Trust, with the aim of raising over a million pounds in order to secure the future of hillclimbing at Shelsley. This target was achieved, and the new lease signed in 2005.

For nine years, the track record stood at 25.34 seconds and many wondered when it would fall again and who could beat the record. The Scottish driver Graeme Wight Jr was the first to achieve the feat, in 2002, and he collected the £1,000 prize which had been put up for the first driver to dip under 25 seconds with a run of 24.85 seconds. The record was lowered several more times in the next few years, including two records in 2008 by three-time reigning champion Martin Groves. In the June meeting, he took the record down to 22.71 seconds and then shaved 0.13 seconds off that record in the August meeting to set the record at 22.58 seconds.

See also

• Brighton Speed Trials, also first run in 1905.

References

• Midland Automobile Club, Shelsley Walsh 1905-2005 Centenary Meeting programme, August 2005.
• C. A. N. May, Shelsley Walsh, Purnell and Sons, Paulton (Somerset) and London, 1946.

External links

Official Shelsley Walsh web site: http://www.shelsleywalsh.com/ 1 Day At Shelsley Walsh: http://www.zipp.co.uk/1-day-at-shelsley-walsh