Jump to content

2002 Costa Rican general election: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Shouldn't be bolded
Added maps showing presidential results
Line 27: Line 27:
| popular_vote2 = 563,202
| popular_vote2 = 563,202
| percentage2 = 42.0%
| percentage2 = 42.0%
<!-- map -->

| map = {{Switcher
| [[File:Resultados 2002 Presidente.svg|x325px]]
| Results of the first round
| [[File:Resultados 2002 Segunda ronda.svg|x325px]]
| Results of the second round
}}
| title = [[President of Costa Rica|President]]
| title = [[President of Costa Rica|President]]
| before_election = [[Miguel Ángel Rodríguez]]
| before_election = [[Miguel Ángel Rodríguez]]
Line 75: Line 81:
| last_election5 = 1
| last_election5 = 1


| map = Costa_Rica_general_election_2002_-_Legislative_%26_Presidential_Election_Results.svg
| map_caption = Map on the left shows the seats won by each party by province. The map on the right shows which party won the plurality in each province in both rounds of the Presidential election.
}}
}}
}}
}}
Line 820: Line 824:
|}
|}


=== Maps ===
==== President ====
'''First round'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="210">
File:Turnout-P1-2002.svg|Voter turnout by canton
File:First place president 2002.svg|Party placed first by canton
File:PUSC-P1-2002.svg|PUSC strength by canton
File:PLN-P1-2002.svg|PLN strength by canton
File:PAC-P-2002.svg|PAC strength by canton
</gallery>
'''Runoff'''
<gallery mode="packed" heights="210">
File:Turnout-P2-2002.svg|Voter turnout by canton
File:First place runoff 2002.svg|Party placed first by canton
File:PUSC-P2-2002.svg|PUSC strength by canton
File:PLN-P2-2002.svg|PLN strength by canton
</gallery>

==== Parliament ====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="210">
File:First place congress 2002.svg|Party placed first by canton
File:PUSC-AL-2002.svg|PUSC strength by canton
File:PLN-AL-2002.svg|PLN strength by canton
File:PAC-AL-2002.svg|PAC strength by canton
File:ML-AL-2002.svg|ML strength by canton
File:PRC-AL-2002.svg|PRC strength by canton
</gallery>
Source: [http://atlaselectoral.tse.go.cr/ Atlas Electoral]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:42, 16 December 2020

2002 Costa Rican general election
← 1998 3 February 2002 (2002-02-03) (first round)
7 April 2002 (2002-04-07) (second round)		 2006 →
Presidential election
 
Nominee Abel Pacheco Rolando Araya
Party PUSC PLN
Home state San José Alajuela
Popular vote 776,278 563,202
Percentage 58.0% 42.0%
President before election

Miguel Ángel Rodríguez
PUSC

Elected President

Abel Pacheco
PUSC

Legislative election
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–
PUSC Abel Pacheco 29.8% 19 −8
PLN Rolando Araya Monge 27.1% 17 −6
PAC Ottón Solís 22.0% 14 New
PML Otto Guevara 9.3% 6 +5
PRC Justo Orozco Álvarez 3.6% 1 0
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Politics of Costa Rica
Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Administrative divisions
Elections
Foreign relations
flag Costa Rica portal

General elections were held in Costa Rica on 3 February 2002.[1] For the first time in the country's history, no candidate in the presidential election passed the 40% threshold.[2] This meant a second round of voting had to be held on 7 April which saw Abel Pacheco of the Social Christian Unity Party defeat the National Liberation Party's Rolando Araya Monge.[3]

Many analysts consider this election the beginning of the end of Costa Rica's decades-long two party system.[4][5][6] For the first time in many years alternative political forces become really relevant in the Parliament and the plenary had three large party groups; PUSC (19), PLN (17) and PAC (14).[7]

While PUSC won the presidential election and the majority in Congress, PLN became the primal opposition force in Parliament. Centre-left PAC with a progressive proposal seem to had gravely affected traditional third forces at the left of the spectrum like Democratic Force that fail to win any seat on that election even when for some years was Costa Rica's main third party.[7] Right-wing Libertarian Movement also increases its representation from one to six deputies[7] while conservative[8] Costa Rican Renewal Party won one seat as usual.[7]

It was the first time in Costa Rica an evangelical Christian party, the Christian National Alliance, nominated a catholic, biologist and professor Marvin Calvo Montoya, as its presidential candidate. It was also the last presidential election of the Christian National Alliance.

Despite the close contest, voter turnout was only 68.8% on 3 February the lowest since the 1958 elections. For the second round of the presidential elections it fell to 60.2%, the lowest since 1949.[9]

Background

Before the election, the country's Supreme Electoral Tribinal attempted to make several reforms to the electoral system. These included allowing independents to run in local elections, using electronic voting machines, allowing Costa Ricans living abroad to vote, and allowing voters to choose the top two places on parliamentary lists.[2] However, the changes were rejected by the Legislative Assembly, which noted that independent candidature was incompatible with the constitution, and that electronic voting could not be guaranteed to be secure or transparent.[2]

Results

President

Candidate Party First round Second round
Votes % Votes %
Abel Pacheco Social Christian Unity Party 590,277 38.58 776,278 57.95
Rolando Araya Monge National Liberation Party 475,030 31.05 563,202 42.05
Ottón Solís Citizens' Action Party 400,681 26.19
Otto Guevara Libertarian Movement 25,815 1.69
Justo Orozco Álvarez Costa Rican Renewal Party 16,404 1.07
Walter Muñoz Céspedes National Integration Party 6,235 0.41
Vladimir De la Cruz De Lemos Democratic Force 4,121 0.27
Walter Coto Molina Coalition Change 2000 3,970 0.26
Rolando Angulo Zeledón General Union Partyes 2,655 0.17
Daniel Reynolds Vargas National Patriotic Partyes 1,680 0.11
Marvin Calvo Montoya Christian National Alliancees 1,271 0.08
José Hine García National Rescue Party 905 0.06
Pablo Galo Angulo Casasola Independent Workers' Partyes 801 0.05
Invalid/blank votes 39,573 – 33,463 –
Total 1,569,418 100 1,372,943 100
Registered voters/turnout 2,279,851 68.84 2,279,851 60.22
Source: TSE, TSE
Popular Vote-First round
Social Christian Unity
 
 38.6%
National Liberation
 
 31.1%
Citizens' Action
 
 26.2%
Libertarian Movement
 
 1.7%
Costa Rican Renewal
 
 1.1%
National Integration
 
 0.4%
Other
 
 0.9%
Popular Vote-Second round
Social Christian Unity
 
 58%
National Liberation
 
 42%

By province

First round

Province % PUSC % PLN % PAC % ML % PRC % PIN % FD % Other %
 San José 36.6 28.5 31.1 1.6 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.7
 Alajuela 37.8 34.1 24.7 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.6
 Cartago 35.4 31.8 28.4 1.9 0.7 0.5 0.4 1.0
 Heredia 36.1 26.8 33.2 1.6 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.7
 Puntarenas 45.0 33.8 15.8 2.5 1.7 0.2 0.3 0.9
 Limón 48.6 28.4 14.9 2.8 3.1 0.3 0.4 1.5
 Guanacaste 44.3 40.6 12.1 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.8
Total 38.6 31.1 26.2 1.7 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.9

Second round

Province PUSC % PLN %
 San José 57.7 42.3
 Alajuela 56.1 43.9
 Cartago 55.6 44.4
 Heredia 58.1 41.9
 Puntarenas 59.7 40.3
 Limón 67.0 33.0
 Guanacaste 57.1 42.9
Total 58.0 42.0

Parliament

Popular vote
Social Christian Unity
 
 29.8%
National Liberation
 
 27.1%
Citizens' Action
 
 22.0%
Libertarian Movement
 
 9.3%
Costa Rican Renewal
 
 3.6%
Democratic Force
 
 2.0%
National Integration
 
 1.7%
Other
 
 4.8%
Seats
Social Christian Unity
 
 33.33%
National Liberation
 
 29.82%
Citizens' Action
 
 24.56%
Libertarian Movement
 
 10.52%
Costa Rican Renewal
 
 1.75%
Party Votes % Seats +/–
Social Christian Unity Party 453,201 29.8 19 –8
National Liberation Party 412,383 27.1 17 –6
Citizens' Action Party 334,162 22.0 14 New
Libertarian Movement 142,152 9.3 6 +5
Costa Rican Renewal Party 54,699 3.6 1 0
Democratic Force 30,172 2.0 0 –3
National Integration Party 26,084 1.7 0 –1
Coalition Change 2000 12,992 0.8 0 New
Agrarian Labour Action Party 10,890 0.7 0 –1
Workers' Independent Party 8,044 0.5 0 New
National Patriotic Party 7,123 0.5 0 New
Cartago Agrarian Union Party 6,974 0.5 0 0
Christian National Alliance Party 6,825 0.4 0 New
General Union Party 5,883 0.4 0 0
National Rescue Party 4,937 0.3 0 0
National Agrarian Party 2,595 0.2 0 New
Cartago Agrarian Force Party 1,390 0.1 0 New
National Convergence 1,348 0.1 0 New
Invalid/blank votes 47,484 – – –
Total 1,569,338 100 57 0
Registered voters/turnout 2,279,851 68.8 – –
Source: Election Resources

By province

Province PUSC PLN PAC ML PRC FD PIN Other
% S % S % S % S % S % S % S % S
 San José 27.1 6 24.2 5 27.0 6 11.8 2 3.6 1 1.7 0 1.8 0 2.8 0
 Alajuela 30.2 4 30.5 4 20.7 2 7.5 1 2.8 0 1.3 0 1.4 0 5.4 0
 Cartago 25.7 2 25.4 2 20.8 2 7.3 1 2.0 0 3.7 0 4.5 0 10.4 0
 Heredia 27.5 1 24.3 1 27.6 2 10.7 1 3.5 0 2.3 0 1.0 0 3.0 0
 Puntarenas 37.8 2 29.8 1 12.9 1 10.0 1 4.2 0 1.8 0 0.4 0 3.2 0
 Limón 37.3 2 26.2 2 12.7 1 8.1 1 5.6 0 2.7 0 0.8 0 9.4 0
 Guanacaste 37.9 2 39.1 2 10.3 0 2.8 0 6.2 0 1.2 0 0.4 0 2.2 0
Total 29.8 19 27.1 17 22.0 14 9.3 6 3.6 1 2.0 0 1.7 0 4.6 0

Municipal Councils

See also: 2002 Costa Rican municipal elections

The elections of municipal councilors of Costa Rica in 2002 were an electoral process held in parallel with the presidential and legislative elections. In them the 495 tenure aldermen and the 495 alternates that conform the 81 Municipal Councils were chosen.

The Central Canton of San José, the most populous, named 13 aldermen. Desamparados and Alajuela named 11. Others less populated (Puntarenas, Limón, Pococí, Heredia, Cartago, La Unión, San Carlos, Goicoechea, Pérez Zeledón, etc.) named 9. Others even smaller (Tibás, Grecia, Vázquez de Coronado, Montes de Oca, Siquirres, Escazú, Turrialba, etc.) appointed 7 council members. Finally, the smallest (Turrubares, San Mateo, Santa Ana, Mora, Montes de Oro, Talamanca, etc.) named 5.

Alderpeople
Social Christian Unity
 
 35.79%
National Liberation
 
 35.39%
Citizens' Action
 
 20.08%
Regionalist
 
 3.18%
Libertarian Movement
 
 2.58%
Democratic Force
 
 0.80%
National Integration
 
 0.20%
C2000
 
 0.20%
National Rescue
 
 0.20%
Independent Workers'
 
 0.20%
Parties Popular vote Alderpeople
Votes % ±pp Total +/-
Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC) 469,305 30.92 -9.94 180 -91
National Liberation Party (PLN) 443,320 29.21 -6.17 178 -48
Citizens' Action Party (PAC) 310,201 20.44 New 101 New
Libertarian Movement (ML) 84,167 5.55 +3.12 13 +9
Costa Rican Renewal Party (PRC) 54,547 3.59 +1.73 7 +7
Democratic Force (FD) 40,114 2.64 -3.53 4 -20
National Integration Party (PIN) 25,038 1.65 -0.08 1 -2
Coalition Change 2000 (C2000) 17,612 1.16 New 1 New
Agrarian Labour Action Party (PALA) 9,225 0.61 -0.49 2 -5
Escazu's Progressive Yoke (YPE) 7,765 0.51 -0.19 3 -1
National Rescue Party (PRESNA) 7,510 0.49 -0.33 1 New
Independent Workers' Party (PIO) 7,460 0.49 New 1 New
National Agrarian Party (PAN) 5,032 0.33 -0.24 1 -4
Party of the Sun (PdS) 4,880 0.32 +0.06 2 0
Cartago Agrarian Force (FAC) 4,024 0.27 +0.09 0 New
21st Century Curridabat (CSXXI) 3,726 0.25 -0.12 1 -1
Authentic Paraisian Party (PAPAR) 3,264 0.22 New 1 New
National Convergence Party (PCN) 2,927 0.19 -0.10 0 -1
General Union Party (PUG) 2,495 0.16 -0.83 0 -3
Quepeña Action Party (PAQ) 1,956 0.13 New 2 New
Authentic Sarapiquenean Party (PASAR) 1,779 0.12 New 1 New
New Alajuelita Party (PALNU) 1,773 0.12 +0.02 1 0
Humanist Party of Montes de Oca (PH-MdO) 1,212 0.08 -0.06 0 -1
Alliance for San José Party (PASJ) 1,127 0.07 New 0 New
Cantonal Action Independent Siquirres Party (PACSI) 1,079 0.07 New 0 New
Ecological Garabito Party (PEG) 983 0.06 New 2 New
Humanist Party of San José (PH-SJO) 919 0.06 New 0 New
Golfitenean Action Party (PAGOL) 772 0.05 -0.00 0 0
Independent Guanacaste Party (PGI) 759 0.05 -0.14 0 -2
Independent Belemite Party (PIB) 618 0.04 -0.06 0 -1
Limonense Conscience Party (PCL) 617 0.04 New 0 New
Humanist Party of Heredia (PH-Her) 517 0.03 -0.05 0 0
National Patriotic Party (PPN) 485 0.03 New 0 New
New Corredores Party (PUG) 457 0.03 New 0 New
Humanist Party of Barva (PH-Barva) 183 0.01 New 0 New
Total 1,517,848 100.00 - 503 -75
Invalid votes 51,628 3.29
Votes cast / turnout 1,569,476 68.84
Abstentions 710,375 31.16
Registered voters 2,279,851 100%
Sources[10]


References

  1. ^ Nohlen, D (2005) Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I, p155 ISBN 978-0-19-928357-6
  2. ^ a b c Nohlen, p. 150.
  3. ^ "Election profile: Costa Rica". International Foundation for Electoral Systems. 1 September 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
  4. ^ Landsford, Tom (20 March 2014). Political Handbook of the World 2014. ISBN 9781483386263. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  5. ^ Landsford, Tom (2 April 2012). Political Handbook of the World 2012. ISBN 9781608719952. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  6. ^ Greenspana, Eliot; Gill, Nicholas; O'Malley, Charlie; Gilsenan, Patrick; Perill, Jisel. Elecciones legislativas de Costa Rica de 2002. Frommer's Central America.
  7. ^ a b c d "5 February 2002 Legislative Assembly Election Results - Costa Rica Totals". Election Resources. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  8. ^ Lopez, Jaime (July 18, 2013). "Civic Groups Move Against Gay Marriage in Costa Rica". Costa Rica Star. Retrieved 13 March 2016.
  9. ^ Nohlen, pp. 156–157.
  10. ^ "Elecciones Regidurías 2002". tse.go.cr (in Spanish). Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=2002_Costa_Rican_general_election&oldid=994661134"