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| club = MVP Track & Field Club
| club = MVP Track & Field Club
| coach = Stephen Francis
| coach = Stephen Francis
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1986|12|27}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age 34|df=yes|1986|12|27}}
| birth_place = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], Jamaica
| birth_place = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], Jamaica
| height = 1.60 m<ref name="height"/>
| height = 1.60 m<ref name="height"/>

Revision as of 07:31, 27 December 2020

Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce
Fraser-Pryce in 2015
Personal information
NationalityJamaican
BornTemplate:Birth date and age 34
Kingston, Jamaica
Height1.60 m (5 ft 3 in)[1]
Weight52 kg (115 lb)[1]
Sport
CountryJamaica
SportTrack and field
Event(s)60 metres, 100 metres, 200 metres
ClubMVP Track & Field Club
Coached byStephen Francis
Achievements and titles
Personal bests
  • 60 m: 6.98 seconds
  • 100 m: 10.70 s =NR
  • 200 m: 22.09 s
Medal record
Event 1st 2nd 3rd
Olympic Games 2 3 1
World Championships 9 2 0
World Indoor Championships 1 0 0
World Athletics Final 1 1 0
Pan American Games 1 0 0
Commonwealth Games 1 0 0
CARIFTA Games Junior (U20) 1 0 1
CAC Junior Championships (U17) 1 0 0
Total 17 6 2
Women's athletics
Representing  Jamaica
Olympic Games
Gold medal – first place 2008 Beijing 100 m
Gold medal – first place 2012 London 100 m
Silver medal – second place 2012 London 200 m
Silver medal – second place 2012 London 4×100 m relay
Silver medal – second place 2016 Rio de Janeiro 4×100 m relay
Bronze medal – third place 2016 Rio de Janeiro 100 m
World Championships
Gold medal – first place 2009 Berlin 100 m
Gold medal – first place 2009 Berlin 4×100 m relay
Gold medal – first place 2013 Moscow 100 m
Gold medal – first place 2013 Moscow 200 m
Gold medal – first place 2013 Moscow 4×100 m relay
Gold medal – first place 2015 Beijing 100 m
Gold medal – first place 2015 Beijing 4×100 m relay
Gold medal – first place 2019 Doha 100 m
Gold medal – first place 2019 Doha 4×100 m relay
Silver medal – second place 2007 Osaka 4×100 m relay
Silver medal – second place 2011 Daegu 4×100 m relay
World Indoor Championships
Gold medal – first place 2014 Sopot 60 m
World Athletics Final
Gold medal – first place 2008 Stuttgart 100 m
Silver medal – second place 2009 Thessaloniki 100 m
Diamond League
Winner 2012 100 m
Winner 2013 100 m, 200 m
Winner 2015 100 m
Commonwealth Games
Gold medal – first place 2014 Glasgow 4×100 m relay
World Relays
Bronze medal – third place 2014 Nassua 4×200 m relay
NACAC Championships
Silver medal – second place 2018 Toronto 4×100 m relay
Athletics World Cup
Silver medal – second place 2018 London 4×100 m relay
Pan American Games
Gold medal – first place 2019 Lima 200 m

Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, OD (née Fraser; born December 27, 1986) is a Jamaican track and field sprinter who competes in the 60 metres, 100 metres and 200 metres. Widely regarded as one of the greatest sprinters of all time, her achievements on the track since 2008 helped to elevate Jamaican athletics on the international scene. In the 100 m, her signature event, she is a two-time Olympic gold medallist and a four-time world champion, while in the 200 m, she is an Olympic silver medallist and the 2013 world champion.

A six-time Olympic medallist, Fraser-Pryce rose to prominence at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, becoming the first Caribbean woman to win gold in the 100 m. At the 2012 London Olympics, she became one of only three women in history to defend an Olympic 100 m title. After injury affected her season, she won bronze at the 2016 Rio Olympics, becoming the first female sprinter to win 100 m medals at three consecutive Olympics.

At the World Athletics Championships, Fraser-Pryce is one of the most decorated athletes in history with 11 medals, including nine gold and two silver. She is the only sprinter, male or female, to win four world titles in the 100 m—in 2009, 2013, 2015 and 2019. Her win in 2019 at the age of 32 made her the oldest female sprinter, and the first mother in 24 years, to claim a global 100 m title. In 2013, she became the first woman to sweep the 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m at a single World Championship, and was voted the IAAF World Athlete of the Year. She added the 60 m world title in 2014, making her the only woman to hold World Championship titles in all four events at the same time.

A dominant force in women's sprinting, Fraser-Pryce has won more global 100 m titles than any other female sprinter in history. Nicknamed the "Pocket Rocket" for her petite stature and explosive block starts, her personal best of 10.70 seconds is the joint fourth fastest of all time. She has recorded 15 runs below 10.80 s, the most for a female sprinter, and has posted the second most sub-11 s clockings with over 50. World Athletics hailed her as "the greatest female sprinter of her generation."[2] In 2019, she was included on the BBC's list of 100 inspiring and influential women in the world.

Early life and career

Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was born to parents Orane Fraser and Maxine Simpson in the violent, inner city community of Waterhouse, near Kingston.[3][4] She was raised with her two brothers by her mother, a former athlete who worked as a street vendor.[5][6] A gifted sprinter from a very young age, she started running barefoot in primary school.[7][8] Throughout her time at the Wolmer's High School for Girls, she was uncertain about pursuing a career in track and field.[9] However, she was active on the youth athletics scene, competing in the famous Inter-Secondary Schools Boys and Girls Championships (known locally as "Champs"), and winning bronze in the 100 m at age 16.[3][10] In 2002, she ran 25.35 s to win the 200 m title at the Jamaican Under-18 Championships, and later that year helped the Jamaican junior team win 4 × 100 m relay gold at the Central American and Caribbean Junior Championships, held in Bridgetown, Barbados.[11][12] At the 2005 CARIFTA Games in Trinidad and Tobago, she won bronze in the 100 m in 11.73 s, and earned a gold medal as part of the 4 × 100 m relay team.[13][14]

Fraser-Pryce celebrates after winning the 100 m at the 2008 World Athletics Final.

In 2006, Fraser-Pryce started attending the University of Technology, Jamaica, where she was recruited by Stephen Francis.[15] At the time, Francis was the head coach at the MVP (Maximising Velocity and Power) Track Club, and had guided the career of former 100 m world record holder Asafa Powell.[15] Despite encouragement from peers and coaches, she was unfocused as a young athlete.[9] She admitted to being lazy, always late for training, and would not complete her workouts for fear that her body would become too muscular.[9]

Fraser-Pryce began to achieve success on the senior national and international stages in 2007.[9] At age 20, she came fifth in the 100 m at the Jamaican National Senior Championships in June, setting a new personal best of 11.31 s.[11] Although a fifth-place finish meant that she was ineligible for the individual 100 m event at the 2007 Osaka World Championships, she was selected for the 4 × 100 m relay team.[9] Hoping to gain experience at an international level, she made her debut on the European athletics circuit in July and saw promising results.[11][16] She first ran a wind-assisted 11.39 s for second place at the Budapest Iharos Memorial, followed by 11.44 s to win the Meeting Terra Sarda in Italy.[11][17] In August, she again won the 100 m at the Stockholm DN-Galan, posting 11.57 s.[18]

At the World Championships in September, Fraser-Pryce ran only in the relay heats, helping her team place second.[9] She eventually earned a silver medal when the Jamaican team finished behind the United States in the 4 × 100 m relay final.[9][19] Despite her initial anxiety towards competing at the World Championships, Fraser-Pryce credited her experience in Osaka for raising her confidence, changing her attitude towards athletics, and for making her much more focused.[9]

Professional career

2008–2009: Olympic and world champion

"I still look back at that race and get goosebumps. To be the first Jamaican woman to win [an Olympic 100 m] gold medal was so exciting. To add that title to my résumé was equally as important as the medal itself."

– Fraser-Pryce on her win at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.[19]

Fraser-Pryce's breakthrough came in 2008, and was sudden and unexpected.[8][20] At the Jamaican Olympic Trials in June, the relatively unknown sprinter stunned the crowd when she ran 10.85 s for second place in the 100 m final, upstaging some of her more celebrated compatriots in a close finish.[16][21] While Kerron Stewart won the national title in 10.80 s, Sherone Simpson was third in 10.87 s.[21][22] However, Veronica Campbell-Brown, the reigning 100 m world champion and 200 m Olympic champion, finished fourth in 10.88 s, missing out on a spot on the Olympic team for this event.[21][23] With Fraser-Pryce barely known among the local athletics scene, many considered her too inexperienced for the Olympics and petitioned the Jamaica Athletics Administrative Association (JAAA) to have her swapped in favour of Campbell-Brown.[19][21] However, the JAAA upheld its rule permitting only the top-three finishers on the team, assuring Fraser-Pryce's spot for Beijing.[19] Fraser-Pryce recalled being disappointed but mostly unfazed by the backlash, adding that her underdog status worked to her advantage: "I went in just wanting to do well. So there was no pressure and nobody expected anything of me and I was able to compete better, relaxed and be my best."[3]

At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Fraser-Pryce faced off against the American trio of Torri Edwards, Muna Lee and 2007 world silver medallist Lauryn Williams,[24] placing first in her 100 m heats and semifinals.[25][26] In the 100 m final, she led the way to a Jamaican sweep of the medals, trailed by Sherone Simpson and Kerron Stewart who both posted 10.98 s for silver (no bronze was awarded).[26][27] Replicating the success of compatriot Usain Bolt from the night before, she became the first ever Caribbean woman to win 100 m gold at the Olympics.[27][28] Her time of 10.78 s also grabbed headlines—not only was it an improvement of 0.53 seconds from her previous season's best,[16] it was also the second fastest in Olympic history at the time, behind Florence Griffith Joyner's 1988 Olympic record.[23][27] In the 4 × 100 m relay, Fraser-Pryce ran the lead leg alongside Stewart, Simpson and Campbell-Brown. The Jamaican team won their heat and qualified as the fastest overall for the final.[29] However, disappointment followed in the final when a botched button exchange led to their disqualification.[26][30] Fraser-Pryce capped her season in September after running 10.94 s to win gold at the IAAF World Athletics Final.[31]

Fraser-Pryce (centre) in the 100 m final at the 2009 World Championships. Her winning time of 10.73 s made her the joint third fastest woman in history at the time.

The following year, Fraser-Pryce proved that she was no one-hit wonder by capturing 100 m gold at the 2009 Berlin World Championships.[19] Despite ultimately taking the title, her early season was marred by injury, followed by an appendix surgery in April, which impeded her training and preparation.[32][33] After a fourth place finish at the Prefontaine Classic in June, she ran a world-leading 10.88 s to claim the 100 m title at the Jamaican Championships, ahead of defending champion Kerron Stewart.[21][32] However, at the Golden Gala in July, Stewart defeated her rival and countrywoman in 10.75 s, becoming the fifth fastest woman in history at the time.[34]

At the World Championships, Fraser-Pryce finished second in her heat and quarterfinal, but came into form in the semifinal with 10.79 s, the fastest semifinal time in the history of the event.[35] In the 100 m final, she made a flying start and held off a late challenge from Stewart to win her first world title in 10.73 s.[35] Sports writer Matthew Brown attributed her victory to "one of the most sensational starts ever seen in a major final."[33] Stewart equalled her own personal best of 10.75 s for silver, while Carmelita Jeter of the United States (10.90 s) prevented a repeat of the Beijing sweep by beating Campbell-Brown to the bronze.[35][36] Fraser-Pryce's winning time made her the joint third fastest woman in history at the time, and shaved one-hundredth of a second from Merlene Ottey's Jamaican record.[26][35] With the victory, she also joined American Gail Devers as the only women to win consecutive Olympic and world titles in the 100 m.[35] Giddy with excitement, Fraser-Pryce appeared to be in disbelief at her achievement: "Olympic and world champion – can you believe it? Me?"[33] Asked whether she considered herself the favourite going into the final, she praised her rivals, saying, "That’s something I never do. The board is blank at the start. Everybody else wants it too."[33] Days later, she added a second gold medal at the championships as part of Jamaica's 4 × 100 m relay team, running alongside Stewart, Simone Facey and Aleen Bailey.[37][38]

Back on the international circuit that year, she finished fourth at the Zürich Weltklasse in 11.10 s, second at the Memorial Van Damme in 10.98 s, and first at the Rieti Meeting in 11.18 s.[39][40] She ended her season in September following the 2009 IAAF World Athletics Final, where she clocked 10.89 s for silver behind Jeter in the 100 m final.[41]

2010–2011: Suspension and return

In June 2010, Fraser-Pryce received a six-month suspension from athletics after a urine sample taken at the Shanghai Diamond League tested positive for oxycodone.[42][43] Although oxycodone is banned as a narcotic, it is not considered performance enhancing or to be a masking agent.[44] Fraser-Pryce insisted that her positive result was due to medication her coach recommended for a toothache, and that she had neglected to properly declare it.[44][45] She later stated, "[I'm] supposed to set examples – so whatever it is I put in my body it's up to me to take responsibility for it and I have done that."[45] She resumed competition in January 2011, and her track results from 2010 were nullified.[45][46]

Fraser-Pryce married Jason Pryce in January 2011, changing her name from Fraser to Fraser-Pryce.[45][47] She had a late start to her 2011 season, hampered by a calf injury that prevented her from competing at the Jamaican National Championships.[48] She also withdrew from the Athletissima track meet in Switzerland at the end of June.[48] She ran only four races on the international circuit ahead of the Daegu World Championships, winning once at the Meeting Sport Solidarietà in Italy.[48][49] At the World Championships, she was not considered the favourite for gold, and her season’s best of 10.95 s ranked her the sixth fastest of the year.[50][51]

In Daegu, Fraser-Pryce placed second in her 100 m heat in 11.13 s, then first in her semifinal in 11.03 s.[52] In the world 100 m final, she started quickly but could not maintain the lead, finishing fourth in 10.99 s, and missing the podium by 0.01 seconds.[53][54] Gold went to Carmelita Jeter in 10.90 s, while compatriot Veronica Campbell-Brown and Kelly-Ann Baptiste of Trinidad and Tobago collected silver and bronze in 10.97 s and 10.98 s respectively.[53][55] Fraser-Pryce later ran the lead leg on Jamaica's 4 × 100 m relay team, earning silver behind the United States in a new national record of 41.70 s.[2][56]

The 2011 event in Daegu remains Fraser-Pryce's only appearance at a World Championship final where she did not win 100 m gold.[20][57][58]

2012–2013: Olympic gold and world sprint treble

L-R: Carmelita Jeter, Fraser-Pryce and Kelly-Ann Baptiste in the 100 m at the 2012 Diamond League.

Beginning with her first Olympic win in 2008, Fraser-Pryce had been at the forefront of a booming sprint rivalry between Jamaica and the United States.[59][60] At the Beijing Olympics, Jamaica captured five of a possible six gold medals in the sprints, with Fraser-Pryce and Campbell-Brown winning the 100 m and 200 m respectively, and Usain Bolt dominating the men's 100 m, 200 m, and 4 × 100 m relay (the relay medal was later rescinded).[59][61] Jamaica’s success continued through the 2009 and 2011 World Championships, highlighted by Bolt's record-breaking performances at each event.[62] Fraser-Pryce's career dip in 2010 and 2011 saw U.S. sprinter Carmelita Jeter rising to prominence, becoming the second fastest woman of all time in the 100 m (after Florence Griffith-Joyner) and clinching the world title in 2011.[63] Fraser-Pryce later described Jeter as the toughest rival she faced throughout her career.[64]

The 2012 athletics season saw Fraser-Pryce returning to her best.[65] In May, she posted 11.00 s for third at the Doha Diamond League, then 11.06 s for second place at the Rome Golden Gala.[66][67] However, by June, she was in winning form, cruising to victory at the Adidas Grand Prix in 10.92 s.[68] Weeks later, she won the sprint double at the Jamaican Olympic Trials in Kingston.[69] In the 100 m, she sped to a new personal best (and a new world lead) of 10.70 s, which improved on the national record she set in 2009 and moved her to fourth on the all-time list of fastest 100 m sprinters.[69][70] In the 200 m, she defeated the reigning world and Olympic 200 m champion Veronica Campbell-Brown in a career-best 22.10 s.[69] While preparing for the Olympics, she was also completing her Bachelor of Science degree at the University of Technology in Jamaica.

At the Olympics in London, Fraser-Pryce won her 100 m heat and semifinal in 11.00 s and 10.85 s respectively.[71] She progressed to the final as the second fastest qualifier behind Carmelita Jeter, who ran 10.83 s in both rounds.[72] In the 100 m final, Fraser-Pryce was quickest from the blocks with Jeter in close pursuit, and ultimately leaned at the finish line for a narrow victory to defend her title.[72][73] Not only was her time of 10.75 s the second fastest in Olympic history at the time, the race itself was the fastest ever 100 m final — an unprecedented seven women ran 11 seconds or faster.[46][74] Jeter claimed silver in a season's best 10.78 s, the fastest runner-up time in Olympic history,[75] while Campbell-Brown earned bronze in 10.81 s.[74][76] With her win, Fraser-Pryce joined Americans Wyomia Tyus (1964, 1968) and Gail Devers (1992, 1996) as the only women to defend an Olympic 100 m title.[7][65] Days later in the 200 m final, Fraser-Pryce lowered her personal best to 22.09 s, but was unable to overhaul Allyson Felix of the U.S., who took the gold in 21.88 s.[77][78] Fraser-Pryce earned her second silver medal in the 4 × 100 m relay, running alongside Campbell-Brown, Sherone Simpson and Kerron Stewart.[79] Their finishing time of 41.41 s was a new Jamaican record, but well behind the United States' world record of 40.82 s.[79][80]

In 2013, Fraser-Pryce became the first woman to sweep the 100 m, 200 m (pictured) and 4×100 m at a single World Championship.

Overall, Jamaica had another strong showing in athletics at the 2012 Olympics.[59][81] In addition to Fraser-Pryce retaining her 100 m title, Bolt also continued his winning streak in the men's events, leading a top-two finish for Jamaica in the 100 m final, a sweep of the medals in the 200 m final,[82] and a new world record in the 4 × 100 m relay.[83] Following the Olympics, Fraser-Pryce closed out her season by taking the 100 m title at the 2012 Diamond League.[84]

In 2013, Fraser-Pryce continued to show her consistency when she became the first woman to sweep the 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m at a single World Championship.[26][85] Her achievements were matched by Usain Bolt in the men’s events, giving Jamaica a clean sweep of the sprinting gold medals at the championships.[86] Fraser-Pryce attributed her successful year to an increase in focus on her track career (after finishing school in November 2012)[87] and a new training regimen that emphasised the 200 m.[88][89] She had her first 100 m race of the season in January, recording 11.47 s for an easy win at the Kingston Invitational.[85] In May and June, she enjoyed Diamond League victories in both the 100 m and 200 m at the Doha, Shanghai and Eugene legs of the series.[85] For the second consecutive year, she won the 200 m title at the Jamaican Championships, clocking 22.13 s.[85][90]

Ahead of the World Championships, Fraser-Pryce held the fastest times of the year in both the 100 m (10.77 s) and the 200 m (22.13 s), and was the favourite to take both titles.[85] In the world 100 m final, held in Moscow, she broke clear right from the start and crossed the finish line in a new world leading 10.71 s.[91][92] Her 0.22-second margin of victory ahead of silver medallist Murielle Ahouré of the Ivory Coast (10.93 s) was the largest in World Championship history.[93][94] Defending champion Carmelita Jeter, the best placed of the four Americans in the final, collected bronze in 10.94 s.[91] By claiming a second world title, Fraser-Pryce became the only woman to win the 100 m twice at both the Olympics (2008, 2012) and the World Championships (2009, 2013).[6][93] Similar success followed in the world 200 m final, which saw three-time gold medallist and reigning Olympic champion Allyson Felix falling to the track with a hamstring tear.[95] Fraser-Pryce was never challenged, clocking 22.17 s to claim her first global title in this event, and became the first woman since 1991 to achieve the sprint double at the World Championships.[88][96] Finally, as the anchor for Jamaica's 4 × 100 m relay team, she completed a hat trick of world titles in a new championship record of 41.29 s.[37][97]

Fraser-Pryce registered the three fastest 100 m times of 2013 and the two fastest in the 200 m.[85] She won six Diamond League races throughout the season (four in the 100 m and two in the 200 m) to clinch the Diamond League titles for both events.[85] Owing to her achievements on the track throughout the season, she was named the IAAF World Athlete of the Year.[98][99] She is the second Jamaican woman to win this award after Merlene Ottey in 1990.[100]

2014–2015: Indoor gold and third world title

Fraser-Pryce's 60 m win in 2014 added to her 2013 world titles in the 100 m, 200 m and 4×100 m. She's the only female sprinter to hold all four titles at the same time.

On the heels of a successful 2013 season, Fraser-Pryce made her World Indoor Championships debut in Sopot, Poland in March 2014.[98] Early into her 2014 season, she posted 7.11 s in an outdoor 60 m race in Kingston (Jamaica does not have indoor facilities). Months later in Birmingham, she finished second in her only 60 m loss of the season to world 100 m and 200 m silver medallist Murielle Ahouré.[98] She decided to compete at the World Indoor Championships as part of her preparation for her outdoor season.[98]

In Sopot, she won both her heat and semifinal in 7.12 s and 7.08 s respectively.[101][102] In the 60 m final, she had her usual quick start and finished ahead of Ahouré in a world-leading 6.98 s.[98][103] Her winning time, which she achieved with no specific preparation for the 60 m, was the fastest at the championships since 1999, and the seventh fastest in history at the time.[26][104] In claiming gold, she gave Jamaica its fourth 60 m win in the 16-year history of the biennial championships.[98] She also became the first woman in history to hold world titles in the 60 m, 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m at the same time.[98] This was Fraser-Pryce's last outing at an indoor tournament until 2020.[105]

Fraser-Pryce, center, collecting her gold medal in the 100 m at the 2015 World Championships. She's the only woman to win the 100 m world title three times.

There were no major outdoor championships in 2014. In the Diamond League, she won the 100 m in Doha in early May, posting 11.13 s.[106] However, she struggled with shin splints for the rest of her season, resulting in poor showings on the international circuit.[107] She first withdrew from the Shanghai meet in mid-May, before finishing last in the 200 m at the Prefontaine Classic, then seventh in the 100 m in Rome.[107] Later that month, she competed in the 4 × 200 m relay at the IAAF World Relays, held in Nassau, Bahamas, where the Jamaican team finished third in 1:30.04 s, behind the United States (1:29.45 s) and Great Britain (1:29.61 s).[108] In June, she again withdrew from the Adidas Grand Prix, and returned to the track in July at the Glasgow Grand Prix, where she ran 11.10 s for second place in the 100 m.[107][109] At the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, she ran only in the 4 × 100 m relay, anchoring the Jamaican team to gold in 41.83 s.[109][110]

In 2015, Fraser-Pryce opted not to defend her 200 m title at the Beijing World Championships.[111][112] Speaking at a Diamond League event in Paris, she stated that her coach wanted to shift focus back to her signature event to sharpen her starting technique.[111] Although she acknowledged that the longer sprint had improved her endurance and top end speed, her coach believed that she had "strayed a bit from the 100 m in terms of [her] explosive starts".[111] She ran only two 200 m races that year—in two minor meets in Kingston—finishing first and third in 22.96 s and 22.37 s respectively.[113] In the 100 m, she started the season strong, setting an early world lead of 10.81 s at the Prefontaine Classic in May.[114] She lowered the mark to 10.79 s at the Jamaican Championships at the end of June, and a week later, set a new world lead and meet record of 10.74 s in Paris.[114][115]

At the World Championships, Fraser-Pyrce posted 10.88 s in her 100 m heat, then 10.82 s to win her semifinal.[116][117] In the 100 m final, she led from the start, fending off a late challenge from Dutch sprinter Dafne Schippers to claim gold in 10.76 s, adding to her triumphs in Berlin (2009) and Moscow (2013).[118][119] Schippers finished in 10.81 s, while American Tori Bowie earned bronze in 10.86 s.[119] Fraser-Pryce's win made her the second woman in history after U.S. sprinter Marion Jones to defend a 100 m world title, and the only woman to win the title three times.[20][120] It was also her fifth global 100 m title since 2008.[58] Although happy for the win, she was dissatisfied with her time, stating, "I'm getting tired of 10.7s...I definitely think a 10.6 is there. Hopefully I will get it together."[118] She also anchored the women's 4 × 100 m relay team, consisting of Veronica Campbell-Brown, Natasha Morrison and newcomer Elaine Thompson, to gold.[37] Their 41.07 s was the second fastest time in history and improved on the previous championship record they set in 2013.[121][122]

In a dominant run of form, Fraser-Pryce went undefeated in ten of her eleven 100 m races throughout 2015.[11] She capped her season with Diamond League wins in Zürich (10.93 s) and Padova (10.98 s) to take the overall 100 m title for the third time in her career.[123]

2016 Olympics and brief split from coach

"I think 2016 was that year that mentally tested me. Even in training there were so many moments I cried, I was angry, I was upset, I didn't know what to do."

– Fraser-Pryce reflecting on her difficult 2016 season.[124]

By the end of 2015, Fraser-Pryce had won 100 m gold at five of the past six global championships, and her three World Championship titles and two Olympic titles made her the most decorated female 100 m sprinter of all time.[119][125] For the upcoming 2016 Rio Olympics, she set her sights on capturing an unprecedented third consecutive Olympic 100 m title.[126][125] Her season did not go as planned, however, after an onset of sesamoiditis caused chronic pain and inflammation to her big toe, hindering her ability to train or compete.[125][127][128] Unable to run in spikes, she withdrew from several events earlier in the year.[51][125] In her season opener at the Prefontaine Classic in May, she finished last in 11.18 s.[129][130]

In the weeks before the Olympics, Fraser-Pryce struggled to reach form, clocking 11.25 s in Italy and 11.06 s at the London Grand Prix.[51][131] Meanwhile, her training partner Elaine Thompson emerged as the top contender for Olympic gold.[132] In July, Thompson ran a world-leading 10.70 s to defeat Fraser-Pryce at the Jamaican Olympic Trials.[132] In doing so, she also tied Fraser-Pryce's 100 m national record and joined her teammate at number four on the all-time list.[132][133] In a highly competitive year that saw many of her rivals post multiple sub-10.90 s times, Fraser-Pryce's season's best of 10.93 s (her lone sub-11 s timing) ranked her the eighth fastest in the world.[51][133]

At the Olympics in Rio, Fraser-Pryce ran a new season's best of 10.88 s to win her semifinal, qualifying as joint fastest for the final with Thompson.[134][135] However, she was in visible discomfort after her semifinal, crying and limping off the track.[136] In the 100 m final, she had a quick start and battled to the finish line in a season’s best 10.86 s to win bronze.[137][138] Thompson secured Jamaica's third successive 100 m Olympic gold in 10.71 s, while Tori Bowie earned silver in 10.83 s.[137][139] Although she fell short of defending her Olympic crown, Fraser-Pryce revealed that she had exceeded her own expectations, describing her hard-fought bronze medal as her "greatest ever."[136] Closing out the Olympics, she collected a silver medal as part of the women's 4 × 100 metres relay team in a season's best 41.36 s.[140] The United States claimed their second consecutive gold in this event in 41.01 s.[140]

After the Olympics, Fraser-Pryce briefly parted ways with longtime coach Stephen Francis, whom she shared with Thompson.[141] At the end of August, Francis disclosed that Fraser-Pryce was unhappy with their preparation for the Olympics, and had expressed a lack of confidence in Francis' training programme.[141][142] He also alluded to her dissatisfaction over the years with being unable to lower her 10.70 s personal best from 2012.[142] However, with no official statement, Fraser-Pryce and her coach reconciled and she resumed training at the MVP Track Club in November of that year.[143]

2017–2018: Motherhood and comeback

In early 2017, Fraser-Pryce announced that she was pregnant and would not be defending her title at the 2017 World Championships in London.[57] She went into labour while watching the world 100 m final that year, and gave birth the next day via emergency C-section.[144][145] Despite expectations that she would retire after the birth of her son Zyon, she publicly promised a major comeback.[144] She returned to training within ten weeks, her early sessions more physically and mentally challenging than she had anticipated: "My stomach would be in pain...I couldn’t [train] abdominals properly. I [wondered] whether my body would allow me to put the level of work in to get it done.”[144][146]

Fraser-Pryce returned to the track in May 2018, nine months after giving birth, winning the 100 m at the Kingston All Comers Meet in 11.52 s.[145] The next month, she ran 11.33 s for second place at the Cayman Invitational, then 11.10 s to win the JN Racers Grand Prix back in Kingston.[11][147] In the 100 m final at the Jamaican Championships, she had a quick start but finished second to double Olympic champion Elaine Thompson in a season's best 11.09 s (she did not contest the 200 m).[148] In July she took to the international circuit for several Diamond League meets, all while breastfeeding for 15 months.[145] She competed in the Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern and the Galà dei Castelli in Switzerland, finishing fifth and second respectively.[149][150]

Now rebranded the "mommy rocket", Fraser-Pryce took a more patient approach to her training, stating that motherhood had changed her perspective and given her newfound motivation to compete.[151] She remained optimistic about her return to peak form, stating, "I'm so passionate, hungry, and determined. I want it to be an absolutely amazing comeback and I'm so caught up in it — it goes in my head over and over."[152] Among her biggest hurdles, she noted, was rebuilding her core strength (hampered by her C-section) to recapture the explosiveness to her starts.[152] In July 2018, on her ninth race since returning to competition, she finally broke 11 seconds, clocking 10.98 s to win at the London Grand Prix.[153] She later competed in the 4 × 100 m at the 2018 Athletics World Cup, helping the Jamaican team win silver behind Great Britain.[154] In August, she ran 11.18 s for fifth place at the Toronto North American, Central American and Caribbean Athletic Association (NACAC) Championships (her last individual race that year) then earned silver behind the United States in the 4 × 100 m relay.[155][156]

2019–present: Fourth world title

After returning from maternity leave, Fraser-Pryce (centre) won an unprecedented fourth 100 m world title in 10.71 s, becoming the fastest mother in history.

After ending her 2018 season ranked 10th in the world in the 100 m,[157] Fraser-Pryce made steady progress with her training into the 2019 season. At the Jamaican Championships in June, she again finished second to Elaine Thompson in both the 100 m and the 200 m.[124] Although Thompson won by a margin of 0.22 seconds in the 200 m, the 100 m final ended with both sprinters sharing the world-leading time of 10.73 s, and Thompson declared the winner in a photo finish.[158][159] It was the first race in history in which two women finished inside 10.75 s; Fraser-Pryce’s 10.73 s in this race also became the fastest non-winning time in history.[160]

"Standing here having done it again at 32, and holding my baby, is a dream come true....I can’t believe it. I worked so hard to be back."

– Fraser-Pryce on her victory at the 2019 World Championships.[161]

Fraser-Pryce returned to the top of women's sprinting for the remainder of the 2019 season, running at close to personal best times in the 100 m,[162] and recording three of the five fastest times of the year.[57][124] In August, she won 200 m gold at the 2019 Pan American Games, setting a new championship record of 22.43 s.[124][163] However, after losing to Thompson at the Jamaican Championships in June, the two did not meet until the 2019 Doha World Championships, in one of the event's most highly anticipated showdowns.[57][124]

In Doha, Fraser-Pryce cruised to 10.80 s in the 100 m heats, the fastest first-round time in World Championships history.[164] She followed with 10.81 s in the semifinal, the fastest qualifying time ahead of the final.[161][165] In the 100 m final, she outpaced the field from the start, powering away to her fourth title in a world-leading 10.71 s—her fastest time since 2013 and the second fastest time of her career.[146][166][167] Her teammate and rival Thompson finished fourth in 10.93 s.[146] With this achievement, Fraser-Pryce became the oldest woman ever and first mother since Gwen Torrence at the 1995 championships to claim a 100 m global title.[145][168] She took particular satisfaction in her win, calling it "a victory for motherhood," and brought her two-year-old son on her victory lap around the stadium.[169][170] Days later, she added another gold medal to her collection by running the second leg of the Jamaican 4 × 100 m relay team, her ninth world title overall.[37] She had also planned to contest the 200 m, but later withdrew.[171]

In February 2020, Fraser-Pryce won the 60 m at the Muller Indoor Athletics Grand Prix, clocking 7.16 s.[105] It was her first indoor competition since she won gold in Sopot back in 2014.[105] Her 2020 season was put on hold in early spring due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which also led to the postponement of the Tokyo Olympics.[172] She has announced that she will retire after the 2022 World Championships.[37][144]

Legacy and achievements

"We need to put [Fraser-Pryce's] 100 m career into perspective. 2x Olympic 100 champ. Only 2 other women have ever done that. 4x World Champ 100. No other woman has ever done that. And 100m is one of the most difficult events to repeat as champion! Undisputed G.O.A.T. (Greatest of all time)."

– Retired Olympian Michael Johnson on Fraser-Pryce's 2019 win.[173]

Fraser-Pryce is widely recognized as one of the greatest sprinters of all time.[2][37] The Olympic Channel also referred to her as "the most successful female sprinter in history".[124] Track & Field News listed her at number one on their annual world 100 m rankings in 2008, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2019.[174] In the 200 m, they ranked her at number two in 2012 and number one in 2013.[175] In 2020, they ranked her as the top female 100 m sprinter of the 2010s decade, as well as the fifth greatest in the 200 m.[176] She was also ranked at number two in the 100 m for the 2000s decade.[176] Sean Ingle of The Guardian lauded her achievements after the 2019 World Championships, insisting that she now had "legitimate claim to be considered the greatest ever."[177] Writing for CNN, Ben Church also admired her longevity, noting that her 2019 title came 11 years after her first Olympic title, with her winning time just 0.01 seconds shy of her seven-year-old personal best.[178] In 2019, she was listed among BBC's 100 inspiring and influential women in the world.[179] In 2020, after her maternity leave and return, World Athletics included her on their list of the 10 greatest comebacks in athletics.[157]

Fraser-Pryce with her Diamond League trophy in 2013. Since its inception in 2010, she's the only woman to win the Diamond trophy three times in the 100 m—in 2012, 2013 and 2015.[180]

Fraser-Pryce has been praised for her consistency at major championships,[99] winning six of the eight world or Olympic 100 m titles she has contested between 2008 and 2019.[58][145] In her two years contesting a global 200 m title, she has won an Olympic silver medal and World Championship gold. Her coach Stephen Francis stated that she had "mastered the trick of staying good," adding, "a lot of natural factors mitigate against you staying at number one, but [she has] developed a mindset that keeps her where she is."[181]

In the 100 m, she has recorded 15 runs below 10.80 s, the most for a female sprinter.[58][182] She has run below this mark in six separate seasons, and has won all of her global championship titles with sub-10.80 performances.[183] In a single season, she has tallied the second most sub-10.80 s clockings (four in 2019), tied with Florence Griffith Joyner, but behind Marion Jones (nine).[57][183] As of December 2019, Fraser-Pryce is second to Merlene Ottey with 51 sub-11 s clockings.[184] Fraser-Pryce's 2019 time of 10.71 s is the fastest ever recorded for a woman at the age of 32.[158] She is the fastest mother in history, and in 2019 joined Americans Gwen Torrence and Wilma Rudolph, as well as Dutch sprinter Fanny Blankers-Koen, as the only mothers to win a global 100 m title.[145][185] With her fourth title, Fraser-Pryce also surpassed Usain Bolt and Americans Carl Lewis and Maurice Greene, who each have three World Championship titles in the 100 m.[169]

"I don't pay much attention to where I fall in history. When I decide to leave the sport, I want to leave it better than I saw it. I want to make sure that other young athletes can see that you need to work hard, stay humble...and stay focused, and the sky is the limit.

— Fraser-Pryce on her legacy in track and field.[99]

Despite her success, her profile on a global scale during her early career was largely eclipsed by countryman Usain Bolt.[126][125] On the eve of the 2016 Olympics, The Washington Post alluded to this disparity with the headline "A Jamaican will go for a third gold medal in Rio — and it’s not who you think."[126] Likewise, CNN wrote that Fraser-Pryce had matched Bolt "medal for medal over 100 m" at each global championship, but "somehow, that isn't common knowledge."[125] While critical of the gender gap in athletics, Fraser-Pryce insisted that she has never felt overshadowed,[7][186] adding that the near-unattainable women's 100 m world record and the lack of consistently fast times in women's sprinting have contributed to the imbalance: "I have always said it's a man's world...[but] when you have male athletes [running]... 9.5s as opposed to female athletes running 10.8s, there is no 'wow' to the event."[112] In 2019, sports writer Steve Keating declared Fraser-Pryce the new face of athletics, stating that the birth of her son and her return to the top added to her legacy.[169]

After her triple gold medal win at the 2013 World Championships, Fraser-Pryce stated that fellow athletes were critical of her success, with some suggesting that she had used performance enhancing drugs.[187] Although she achieved world-leading times in both the 100 m and 200 m in 2013, she denied using banned substances, pointing out that her times have been consistent with previous seasons.[187] In November 2013, she threatened to boycott international competitions, citing the lacklustre approach of Jamaica's Athletics Administrative Authority in defending Jamaican athletes against "hurtful" accusations.[188][189]

In 2019, Fraser-Pryce published the children's book I Am a Promise, based on the life lessons she learned growing up and competing as an athlete.[190]

Awards and recognition

In 2008, Fraser-Pryce was honoured with the Order of Distinction for her achievements in athletics.[191] In October 2018, she was also honoured with a statue at the Jamaica National Stadium in Kingston, Jamaica.[192] During the ceremony, Minister of Sports Olivia Grange hailed her a role model for young girls and a Jamaican "modern-day hero."[192]

The recipient of many accolades in Jamaica, she has won the JAAA's Golden Cleats Award for Female Athlete of the Year four times: 2009, 2012, 2013 and 2015.[193] She has also received the Jamaican Sportsperson of the Year award four times: 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2019.[194]

On the international scene, she has been nominated for the Laureus World Sports Award for Sportswoman of the Year five times: 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2019.[195] After she completed the sprint triple at the 2013 Moscow World Championships, she was named IAAF World Athlete of the Year, becoming the first Jamaican woman to win since Merlene Ottey in 1990. In accepting her award, she exclaimed, "I'm shocked and excited. It's something that has been a dream of mine."[196][98] In December 2019, she won Best Female Athlete at the inaugural Panam Sports Awards.[197]

Technique and running style

Fraser-Pryce's signature style is to start fast and hold off the closers, seen here in her 2015 World Championship final.

Under the guidance of her coach Stephen Francis, Fraser-Pryce honed her technique to become one of the most decorated track athletes of all time.[2][124] She stated that none of her technique came naturally, and that when she began competing, she ran with an exaggerated forward lean: "I had a really bad running posture, like I ran, literally, dropping on my face. Stephen saw all of this and, as a coach, he analyzed and he took a year to actually go through my core needs."[15][198] By 2008, she had improved her posture and sharpened her start, including her first stride, the placement of her arms and the different phases of the sprint.[198] Over time, her technique became second nature: "You feel all of your phases. Because of how the body is, you can feel it, like a sixth sense. So I focus on nailing each phase properly, and if I’m able to, then I know that’s history.”[198]

Fraser-Pryce's trademark is her explosive starts, which earned her the nickname "Pocket Rocket."[73][91] Her style involves “bolting to the lead”[199] with maximum velocity and then "maintaining her position through to the finish.”[199] Jon Mulkeen of World Athletics described her starting technique as "devastating...her best weapon,"[91] while sports writer Steve Landells declared, "her ability to shift her legs over the first five metres remains the envy of the world."[35] In a study of her performance in the 2009 world 100 m final (when she ran 10.73 s), sports scientists Rolf Graubner and Eberhard Nixdorf reported her 30 m split to be 4.02 s, a level of acceleration consistent with a male 10.40 s runner.[200] By halfway into the race, she held a clear three-metre lead on the rest of the field.[35][200] Despite her quick starts, she stated, "I think my strength is actually when I get out of my drive phase at 30 (metres). My second 30 is actually very good, where my turnovers are very quick."[87]

At just under 5 feet and 3 inches tall,[1] Fraser-Pryce is more petite than most female sprinters.[15][201] She revealed that when she started training at the University of Technology, "everyone [said] I was too short and I shouldn't think about running fast."[15] A prototypical stride rate runner, she relies on cadence and a high stride frequency (i.e. leg speed) in her races, although she also has "well developed" stride length.[199][200] On average, she takes 50 strides to complete the 100 m, and has a cadence of about 286 steps per minute.[202] In their analysis, Graubner and Nixdorf found that she covered her 2009 final in 49.58 strides — equivalent to an average of two metres per step, with her longest strides of 2.2 m exhibited over the last 20 m of her race.[200] Her peak stride frequency, at 20 to 40 m into the race, averaged around 4.91 hertz (i.e. cycles per second).[200][202]

Personal life

In November 2012, Fraser-Pryce graduated from the University of Technology with a Bachelor of Science in Child and Adolescent Development.[203] In 2016, she announced that she would pursue a Master of Science in Applied Psychology at the University of the West Indies.[125] A committed Christian,[204] she married Jason Pryce in 2011,[45] and announced her pregnancy in early 2017.[205] On her Facebook page she wrote, "All my focus heading into training for my 2017 season was on getting healthy and putting myself in the best possible fitness to successfully defend my title in London 2017, but ... here I am thinking about being the greatest mother I can be."[205] On 7 August 2017, she and her husband welcomed a son named Zyon.[204]

Sponsorship, charities and business ventures

Fraser-Pryce has signed sponsorship deals with Digicel, GraceKennedy and Nike.[206] To promote her chase for Olympic glory in 2016, Nike released a series of promotional videos of her training sessions for the 100 m.[198]

Fraser-Pryce has supported many causes throughout her career. She was named as the first UNICEF National Goodwill Ambassador for Jamaica in February 2010.[207] That year, she was also named Grace Goodwill Ambassador for Peace in a partnership with Grace Foods and not-for-profit organisation PALS (Peace and Love in Society).[208] She also created the Pocket Rocket Foundation, which supports high school athletes in financial need.[204][206]

Known for frequently changing her hairstyle during track season, she launched a hair salon named Chic Hair Ja in 2013.[209]

Career statistics

Personal bests

Type Event Time

(seconds)

Date Place Notes
Indoor 60 metres 6.98 9 March 2014 Sopot, Poland 8th fastest of all time
Outdoor 100 metres 10.70 29 June 2012 Kingston, Jamaica +0.6 m/s (wind); NR, 4th fastest of all time
200 metres 22.09 8 August 2012 London, United Kingdom −0.2 m/s (wind)
400 metres 54.93 5 March 2011 Kingston, Jamaica

Season's best and rankings

Season's best progression in the 100 m and 200 m since 2002.[210]

Season's best 100 m and 200 m times, with world rank in parentheses (top 20 only).[210][211]

Year 100 metres 200 metres
2002 12.38 24.85
2003 11.57 –
2004 11.72 24.08
2005 11.72 –
2006 11.74 –
2007 11.31 24.13
2008 10.78 (1) 22.15 (6)
2009 10.73 (2) 22.58 (18)
2010 – –
2011 10.95 (6) 22.59 (14)
2012 10.70 (1) 22.09 (2)
2013 10.71 (1) 22.13 (1)
2014 11.01 (8) 22.53 (13)
2015 10.74 (1) 22.37 (17)
2016 10.86 (8) 23.15
2017 – –
2018 10.98 (10) –
2019 10.71 (1) 22.22 (7)
2020 10.86 (2) 22.57 (6)

International competitions

Year Competition Venue Position Event Notes
Representing  Jamaica (she participated in most of these events as Shelly-Ann Fraser with the Degu Games in South Korea being the first event that she had ever taken part in as Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce)
2002 Central American and Caribbean
Junior Championships (U-17) 		Bridgetown, Barbados 4th 200 m 25.24
(−1.0 m/s)
1st 4×100 m relay 45.33 CR
2005 CARIFTA Games (U-20) Bacolet, Trinidad and Tobago 3rd 100 m 11.73
(+0.9 m/s)
1st 4×100 m relay 44.53
2007 World Championships Osaka, Japan 2nd 4×100 m relay 42.70 SB
2008 Olympic Games Beijing, China 1st 100 m 10.78 PB
(±0.0 m/s)
DNF 4×100 m relay Dropped baton
IAAF World Athletics Final Stuttgart, Germany 1st 100 m 10.94
(+0.3 m/s)
2009 World Championships Berlin, Germany 1st 100 m 10.73 WL NR
(+0.1 m/s)
1st 4×100 m relay 42.06
IAAF World Athletics Final Thessaloniki, Greece 2nd 100 m 10.89
(-0.1 m/s)
2011 World Championships Daegu, South Korea 4th 100 m 10.99
(−1.4 m/s)
2nd 4×100 m relay 41.70 NR
2012 Olympic Games London, United Kingdom 1st 100 m 10.75
(+1.5 m/s)
2nd 200 m 22.09 PB
(−0.2 m/s)
2nd 4×100 m relay 41.41 NR
2013 World Championships Moscow, Russia 1st 100 m 10.71 WL
(−0.3 m/s)
1st 200 m 22.17
(−0.3 m/s)
1st 4×100 m relay 41.29 CR
2014 World Indoor Championships Sopot, Poland 1st 60 m 6.98 WL PB
Commonwealth Games Glasgow, United Kingdom 1st 4×100 m relay 41.83 GR
World Relays Nassau, Bahamas 3rd 4×200 m relay 1:30.04 NR
2015 World Championships Beijing, China 1st 100 m 10.76
(−0.3 m/s)
1st 4×100 m relay 41.07 CR NR
2016 Olympic Games Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3rd 100 m 10.86 SB
(+0.5 m/s)
2nd 4×100 m relay 41.36 SB
2018 NACAC Championships Toronto, Canada 5th 100 m 11.18
2nd 4×100 m relay 43.33
Athletics World Cup London, United Kingdom 2nd 4×100 m relay 42.60
2019 World Relays Yokohama, Japan 3rd 4×200 m relay 1:33.21
Pan American Games Lima, Peru 1st 200 m 22.43 GR
World Championships Doha, Qatar 1st 100 m 10.71 WL
(+0.1 m/s)
1st 4×100 m relay 41.44 WL

Circuit wins

National titles

  • Jamaican Championships
    • 2009: 100 m
    • 2012: 100 m, 200 m
    • 2013: 200 m
    • 2015: 100 m
  • Jamaican U18 Championships
    • 2002: 200 m

See also

References

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Awards
Preceded by IAAF World Athlete of the Year
2013 		Succeeded by
Olympic Games
Preceded by Flagbearer for  Jamaica
Rio de Janeiro 2016 		Succeeded by
Incumbent
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