Albert Bachmann
Albert "Bert" Bachmann (26 November 1929 in Zurich - 12 April 2011 in Ireland) was a Swiss military intelligence officer.[1]
Early life
Bachmann was born in Albisrieden and worked as a printer after leaving school at age 14.[1][2] As a young man he flirted with communism, joining the youth wing of the PdA. Following the 1948 Communist seizure of power in Czechoslovakia, he changed course and became strongly patriotic.[1] While doing his military service he applied for officer training, and went into military intelligence.[1]
Civil Defence booklet controversy
In 1968, he was the lead author of an official civil defence booklet that was distributed throughout the country which provided instructions on how to respond to invasion, through the character of "Wilhelm Eiferli".[3] Its warning of the danger from collaborationist elements in the Swiss Left made it the subject of national debate. 'Défense civile' has since been translated for distribution in Japan and Egypt; an attempt by Franco's Spain to buy the right to publish the book was rebuffed by the Swiss military.[4] Bachmann was not involved in the subsequent political controversy- he was on an undercover mission in the Republic of Biafra, a small nation struggling for independence from Nigeria.[1][2]
Return to Switzerland
In 1976, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel, heading up the intelligence and defense subsection of the Federal Military Department. He had control of three clandestine units, Bureau Ha, a foreign intelligence unit, an Extraordinary Intelligence agency, which monitored internal threats, and Special Service D (Spec D), an organization formed to provide the basis of resistance to an occupation. Expanding Spec D, Bachmann formed Projekt-26, a more widely capable unit. He bought the Liss Ard country estate, in West Cork in Ireland, as a retreat for a Swiss government-in-exile in the event of an invasion.[1][2]
The Schilling incident
In November 1979 Austrian police arrested Kurt Schilling, one of Bachmann's operatives, who was charged with spying on Austrian troops on exercise near Sankt Pölten.[1][5] As the Austrian government had invited observers from Eastern Europe, it was not clear why he was there.[1][5] He insisted that he was Swiss and during his trial, he revealed that his mission was to judge how long Austrian forces could last in the case of a Soviet invasion.[1][5] Due to Schilling's ineptness the judge showed leniency, sentencing him to a five-month suspended sentence and deportation.[5] Die Presse nicknamed him "the spy who came in from the Emmentaler".[2][5]
In 1979 Bachmann was forced to take early retirement, and an inquiry by politicians exposed many of his contingency plans to the public.[6] The Swiss government sold Liss Ard in the early 1980s, but Bachmann continued to live around the Cork region following his departure from Switzerland. He ran a riding school in the area for a number of years.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Colonel Albert Bachmann". The Telegraph. London. 4 May 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2011.
- ^ a b c d "Swiss spymaster settled in Cork after his schemes earned notoriety". The Irish Times. 14 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
- ^ Daniel Foppa (21 April 2011). "Der Spion, der aus den Alpen kam". Berner Zeitung.
- ^ "Albert Bachmann". Hommages.ch. Retrieved 18 November 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Childs, Martin (19 July 2011). "Colonel Albert Bachmann: Swiss spymaster whose paranoid fantasies embarrassed his government". London: The Independent. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
- ^ William Grimes (7 May 2011). "Albert Bachmann, a Colorful Swiss Spymaster, Dies at 81". The New York Times.
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