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Mount Ruang

Coordinates: 2°18′18″N 125°21′54″E / 2.305°N 125.365°E / 2.305; 125.365
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This article is about the volcanic island in Sangihe Islands, North Sulawesi. Not to be confused with Mount Raung.

Ruang
Ruang from the island of Tagulandang, in March 2016
Highest point
Elevation725 m (2,379 ft)[1]
ListingSpesial Ribu
Coordinates2°18′18″N 125°21′54″E / 2.305°N 125.365°E / 2.305; 125.365
Geography
Map
LocationSiau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency, Sangihe Islands, Indonesia
Geology
Mountain typeStratovolcano
Last eruption18 April 2024 (ongoing)

Ruang is the southernmost stratovolcano in the Sangihe Islands arc, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. It comprises an island 4 by 5 kilometres (2.5 mi × 3.1 mi) wide. The summit contains a partial lava dome and reaches some 725 metres (2,379 ft) in altitude. From its summit, Klabat's peak in the south, that of Siau to the north, and Ternate to the east can all be seen.[2]

Geology

As one of the volcanoes that formed in the Sangihe arc, Ruang is part of a series of volcanoes that formed at the subduction zone between two tectonic plates.[which?] It is one of the four youngest volcanoes (formed during the Holocene) in the arc, together with Mount Awu, Mount Karangetang, and Banua Wuhu.[3]

The top of the mountain is partially filled with a lava dome formed as a result of activity in 1904. Since then, volcanic activity has taken the form of the formation of lava domes and pyroclastic flows.[4]

Eruptions

Pre-20th century

See also: 1871 Ruang eruption and tsunami

At least 16 eruptions have been recorded from the volcano,[5] with the first one occurring in 1808.[1] Dr. Adolf Meyer witnessed a large eruption in 1871. Ruang was uninhabited at the time, but the inhabitants of nearby Tagulandang had many plantations on its slopes. The eruption destroyed these in minutes and caused a tsunami that obliterated most of their large village, situated on Tagulandang, opposite Ruang. Most of the village's inhabitants drowned, and their bodies afterward could be seen on the beach.[2] The death toll was estimated to be around 300 to 400.[5]

April 2024

Eruptions in April 2024 prompted over 800 people to evacuate the island for nearby Tagulandang[6] and the establishment of a 4-kilometre (2.5 mi) exclusion zone from the crater that was later extended to 6 kilometres (3.7 mi).[7] On 17 April, authorities raised the volcano's alert level to four, the highest in Indonesia and issued a tsunami alert which led to orders for 11,000 residents and evacuees in Tagulandang to be moved to Manado in mainland Sulawesi, citing the risk of the volcano collapsing into the sea.[8] The eruption also prompted the shutdown of Sam Ratulangi International Airport in Manado.[9] Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency, where the volcano is located, declared a 14-day state of emergency.[10] Airlines from West Malaysia and Singapore cancelled flights to Sabah and Sarawak on 18 April due reduced visibility.[11] The sulphur dioxide plume from the volcano had extended 1000 km, covering the whole of Borneo as of 19 April.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Ruang". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 24 June 2021.
  2. ^ a b Rowley, G. D. (1877). Ornithological Miscellany. Vol. 2. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 324–325.
  3. ^ Situmorang, Roni Marudut (20 May 2021). interesting-geological facts -gunung-api-space-histori-wave-tidal-telan-400-soul-1vmMsIB2mGX/2/gallery/2 "Interesting Geological Facts about Space Volcanoes: History of Tidal Waves Swallow 400 Lives". kumparan.com. Retrieved 19 April 2024. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  4. ^ "Ruang". Global Volcanism Program Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 19 2024. {{cite web}}: |first= missing |last= (help); Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  5. ^ a b "History of Ruang Volcano Eruption: 25-meter-high Tsunami". Tempo. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  6. ^ "Hundreds evacuated after Indonesia's Ruang volcano erupts". Reuters. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
  7. ^ "More than 11,000 evacuated in northern Indonesia as volcano erupts". Al Jazeera. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  8. ^ "Tsunami alert after a volcano in Indonesia has several big eruptions and thousands are told to leave". Associated Press. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  9. ^ "Thousands evacuated as Indonesia volcano erupts, causes tsunami threat". France 24. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  10. ^ "Gunung Ruang di Sulawesi Utara meletus, potensi tsunami 'masih ada'". BBC News Indonesia (in Indonesian). 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
  11. ^ "Scoot, other airlines cancel some flights to Indonesia and East Malaysia after Mount Ruang eruption". Channel News Asia. 18 April 2024. Archived from the original on 18 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  12. ^ "High concentration of sulfur dioxide from Indonesia's Mt Ruang volcanic eruption blankets Sarawak, Sabah and Kalimantan". Dayak Daily. 19 April 2024. Archived from the original on 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
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