NSB Di 4
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NSB Di 4 is a class of five diesel-electric locomotives built by Henschel for the Norwegian State Railways (NSB). Delivered in 1981, the class is used to haul passenger trains on the Nordland Line and are since 2001 the only revenue diesel locomotives used by NSB.
The locomotives had electric components from Brown, Boveri & Cie and a 16-645E prime mover from Electric-Motive Division. This gives a power output of 2,450 kilowatts (3,290 hp) and a starting tractive effort of 360 kilonewtons (81,000 lbf).
History
During the 1950s and 1960s, NSB took delivery of 35 Di 3 locomotives. The long term plan during the 1960s called for an additional order of Di 3s during the early 1970s, but this was never made. Instead, the state railways stated planning of a new class.[1] Construction was done by Kassel, Germany-based Henschel. The electric components were delivered by Brown, Boveri & Cie of Mannheim, Germany, while the engine-generator was delivered by General Motors.[2] The Di 4 is technically similar to the Denmark's DSB Class ME.[3] Di 4 was the first NSB locomotive to have three-phase and asynchronous motors,[4] and the world's first asynchronous locomotive in revenue service.[5] Henschel was also building the NSB El 17; the two types were planned to use the same traction motors and rectifiers to increase commonality. This was however was discarded because the Di 4's components were too heavy for the El 17.[6]
Delivery of the five locomotives took place in 1981. It was often run in multiple with Di 3.[1] Di 4 has a higher axle load than Di 3, so from the delivery they could not be used north of Mo i Rana on the Nordland Line.[7] By 1987, NSB was planning on an additional order of the class, with delivery in 1989 and 1990, but the order was never made.[7] The proposed order would have consisted of six to ten units, which would have received a modified ventilation system and a more powerful engine.[2] Because of the time that was used before a new order was placed, NSB was looking for a more modern class, and placed an order for 12 Di 6 in 1992.[8] With the retirement of the Di 3 in 2001, Di 4 remains NSB's only revenue diesel locomotives.[9]
Specifications
The locomotives are equipped with a V16 General Motors Electro-Motive Division 16-645E prime mover and an EMD AR7-D14B generator which offers a power output of 2,450 kilowatts (3,290 hp) at 900 revolutions per minute. The prime mover has a displacement of 10.570 litres (645.0 cu in), a stroke of 254 millimeters (10.0 in) and a diameter of 230.2 millimeters (9.06 in). This gives a starting tractive effort of 360 kilonewtons (81,000 lbf). The locomotives have a Co'Co' wheel arrangement, with six Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri QD 335N4A traction motors.[1][2][3]
The wheelbase is 1.850 meters (6 ft 0.8 in) between the outer and center wheels and 2.000 meters (6 ft 6.7 in) between the center and inner wheels. The outer axle distance is 15.600 meters (51.18 ft). The axle load is 19.1 tonnes (18.8 long tons; 21.1 short tons). The locomotives are 20.800 meters (68.24 ft) long and 4.350 meters (14.27 ft) tall.[3] The wheel diameter is 1.100 meters (3 ft 7.3 in) when new.[2]
References
- Bibliography
- Aspenberg, Nils Carl (2001). Elektrolok i Norge (in Norwegian). Oslo: Baneforlaget. ISBN 82-91448-42-6.
- Hartmark, Håkon; Sørlie, Per Harman; Andresen, Jens Kristian (1991). Norske sivilingeniørers forening jernbaneingeniørenes avdeling: 1891–1991 (in Norwegian). Oslo: Norske sivilingeniørers forening.
- Næss, Ståle (1999). Di 3: Billedboken om en loklegende (in Norwegian). BSN Forlag.
- Notes
- ^ a b c Næss: 54
- ^ a b c d "Di 6" (in Norwegian). Johnsern. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
- ^ a b c "NSBs diesellokomotiver type Di. 4" (in Norwegian). Jernbane.net. Archived from the original on 22 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
- ^ Hartmark: 22
- ^ Hartmark: 24
- ^ Aspenberg: 119
- ^ a b Næss: 72
- ^ Næss: 100
- ^ Sando, Svein. "Di 3 - The most important locomotive on the non-electrified railways of Norwegian State Railways (NSB)". Retrieved 23 November 2009.