Caithness and Sutherland (UK Parliament constituency)

Caithness and Sutherland
Caithness and Sutherland
Former county constituency; for the House of Commons
Subdivisions of Scotland	Highland
1918–1997
Created from	Caithness, Sutherland and Wick Burghs
Replaced by	Caithness, Sutherland & Easter Ross

Caithness and Sutherland was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 to 1997. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

The constituency was created by merging the constituencies of Caithness and Sutherland and the Dornoch and Wick components of the Wick Burghs constituency.

In 1997 the constituency was superseded by the creation of Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross, which merged Caithness and Sutherland and the Easter Ross area of Ross, Cromarty and Skye.

Caithness and Sutherland was geographically the largest constituency in the United Kingdom.

1918 constituency reform

The creation of Caithness and Sutherland as a single constituency was a part of a package of boundary reform also affecting many other parts of the United Kingdom. The reform was the first since the Redistribution of Seats Act of 1885, and its main aim was to make constituencies more equal in terms of the sizes of their electorates.

Local government areas

1918 to 1975

When created the constituency covered the county of Caithness and the county of Sutherland, including the burghs of Dornoch, Thurso and Wick.

1975 to 1983

In 1975 counties and burghs were abolished and the constituency became an area within the Highland region. The region included two new local government districts, called Caithness and Sutherland. The Caithness district was entirely within the constituency. The Sutherland district had a small area, the Kincardine electoral division, within the Ross and Cromarty constituency.

1983 to 1996

Constituency boundaries were redrawn in 1983, and the Caithness and Sutherland constituency was enlarged to cover the whole of the Sutherland district.

1996 to 1997

In 1996 the districts were abolished and the Highland region became a unitary council area. Throughout the remainder of the life of the constituency the Highland Council had area committees representing the areas of the former districts.

Members of Parliament

Election		Member ^[1]	Party
style="background-color: Template:Coalition Liberal/meta/color" \|	1918	Sir Leicester Harmsworth	Coalition Liberal
style="background-color: Template:National Liberal Party (UK, 1922)/meta/color" \|	1922	Sir Archibald Sinclair	National Liberal
style="background-color: Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color" \|	1923	Sir Archibald Sinclair	Liberal
style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" \|	1945	Eric Gandar Dower	Conservative
style="background-color: Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color" \|	1950	Sir David Robertson	Conservative
style="background-color: Template:Independent Conservative/meta/color" \|	1959	Sir David Robertson	Independent Conservative
style="background-color: Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color" \|	1964	George Mackie	Liberal
style="background-color: Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color" \|	1966	Robert Maclennan	Labour
style="background-color: Template:Social Democratic Party (UK)/meta/color" \|	1981		SDP
style="background-color: Template:Liberal Democrats (UK)/meta/color" \|	1988		Liberal Democrats
	1997	constituency abolished

At the time of the 1918 general election Sir Robert Harmsworth had been, immediately before the election, MP for the constituency of Caithness.

In the general election of 1997 Robert Maclennan was elected MP for the then new constituency of Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross.

Election results

Elections in the 1910s

General Election 1918: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Leicester Harmsworth	6,749	62.6	n/a
	Independent Liberal	Francis John Robertson	4,036	37.4	n/a
Majority			2,733	25.3	n/a
Turnout			10,785		n/a
	Liberal win (new seat)

endorsed by Coalition Government

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1922: Caithness and Sutherland ^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	7,715	57.1	n/a
	Liberal	Leicester Harmsworth	5,803	42.9	n/a
Majority			1,912	14.2
Turnout				60.1
	National Liberal hold		Swing	n/a

General Election 1923: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	Unopposed	n/a	n/a
	Liberal hold		Swing	n/a

General Election 1924: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	Unopposed	n/a	n/a
	Liberal hold		Swing	n/a

General Election 1929: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	13,462	73.9	n/a
	Unionist	James Duncan	3,041	16.7	n/a
	Independent Labour	Charles G Oman	1,711	9.4	n/a
Majority			10,421	57.2	n/a
Turnout				66.5	n/a
	Liberal hold		Swing	n/a

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1931: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	Unopposed	n/a	n/a
	Liberal hold		Swing	n/a

General Election 1935: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	12,071	72.32	n/a
	National	William Bruce	4,621	27.68	n/a
Majority			7,650	44.63	n/a
Turnout				60.06	n/a
	Liberal hold		Swing	n/a

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1945: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Unionist	Eric Gandar Dower	5,564	33.5
	Labour	Robert Ian Aonas MacInnes	5,558	33.4
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	5,503	33.1
Majority			6	0.04
Turnout				64.18
	Unionist gain from Liberal		Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1950: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	David Robertson	6,969	36	+2.5
	Liberal	Archibald Sinclair	6,700	34.6	+1.5
	Labour	Alasdair MacArthur	5,676	29.3	−4
Majority			269	1.38
Turnout				76.56
	Unionist hold		Swing	+3.3

General Election 1951: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	David Robertson	9,814	49.3	+13.2
	Labour	Richard Murray	6,799	34.1	+4.8
	Liberal	Peter J M McEwan	3,299	16.6	−18.1
Majority			3,015	15.14
Turnout				73.26
	Unionist hold		Swing	+4.2

General Election 1955: Caithness and Sutherland^[3]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	David Robertson	10,453	56.5	+7.2
	Labour	Hugh F Sutherland	5,364	29.0	−5.1
	Liberal	John Stuart Mowat	2,674	14.5	−2.1
Majority			5,089	27.5
Turnout			18,491	69.5
	Unionist hold		Swing	+6.1

General Election 1959: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Ind. Unionist	David Robertson	12,163	65.3	n/a
	Labour	Ronald Murray	6,438	34.6	+5.6
Majority			5,725	30.78
Turnout				69.62
	Ind. Unionist gain from Unionist		Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General Election 1964: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	George Mackie	7,894	36.1	N/A
	Labour	John B Urquart	6,619	30.2	−4.4
	Unionist	Patrick Maitland	4,550	20.8	N/A
	Ind. Unionist	John M Young	2,795	12.7	−52.6
Majority			1,275	5.83
Turnout				80.09
	Liberal gain from Ind. Unionist		Swing

General Election 1966: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Maclennan	8,308	39.1	+8.9
	Liberal	George Mackie	8,244	38.8	+2.7
	Conservative	Hamish Watt	4,662	21.9	n/a
Majority			64	0.30
Turnout				79.21
	Labour gain from Liberal		Swing	+3.1

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1970: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Maclennan	8,768	36.7	−2.4
	Liberal	George Mackie	6,063	25.4	−13.4
	Conservative	John M Young	5,334	22.3	+0.4
	SNP	Donald G. Barr	3,690	15.4	N/A
Majority			2,705	+11.3
Turnout
	Labour hold		Swing	+5.5

General Election February 1974: Caithness and Sutherland^[4]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Maclennan	8,574	36.2	−0.6
	Liberal	Michael R Burnett	6,222	26.2	+0.8
	Conservative	G Susan Bell	5,104	21.5	−0.8
	SNP	Eric Alexander Sutherland	3,814	16.1	+0.7
Majority			2,352	10.0
Turnout				83.0
	Labour hold		Swing	-0.7

General Election October 1974: Caithness and Sutherland^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Maclennan	7,941	35.3	−0.9
	SNP	Eric Alexander Sutherland	5,381	23.9	+7.8
	Liberal	Michael R Burnett	4,949	22.0	−4.2
	Conservative	Albert McQuarrie	4,240	18.8	−2.7
Majority			2,560	11.4	+1.4
Turnout				78.1
	Labour hold		Swing	−4.3

General Election 1979: Caithness and Sutherland^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Maclennan	9,613	41.5	+6.2
	Conservative	Richard H. Wardrop	7,074	30.5	+11.7
	SNP	Robin R. Shaw	6,487	28.0	+4.1
Majority			2,539	11.0	−0.4
Turnout				78.4
	Labour hold		Swing	−2.7

Elections in the 1980s

General Election 1983: Caithness and Sutherland^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	SDP	Robert Maclennan	12,119	52.0	N/A
	Conservative	Alistair M. Scouller	5,276	22.7	−7.8
	Labour	Danny Carrigan	3,325	14.3	−27.2
	SNP	Jim Ingram	2,568	11.0	−17.0
Majority			6,843	29.4
Turnout			23,288	75.4
	SDP gain from Labour		Swing

General Election 1987: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	SDP	Robert Maclennan	12,338	53.7	+1.7
	Conservative	Robert Hamilton	3,844	16.7	−5.9
	Labour	Allan Byron	3,437	14.9	+0.7
	SNP	Archibal MacGregor	2,371	10.3	−1.0
	Independent Liberal	William Mowat	686	2.9	N/A
	Green	Bernard Planterose	333	1.4	N/A
Majority			8,494	36.9
Turnout				73.6
	SDP hold		Swing	+3.8

Elections in the 1990s

General Election 1992: Caithness and Sutherland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal Democrats	Robert Maclennan	10,032	45.1	−8.6
	Conservative	George Bruce	4,667	20.9	+4.2
	SNP	Kerr MacGregor	4,049	18.2	+8.2
	Labour	Michael F. Coyne	3,483	15.6	+0.7
Majority			5,365	24.1
Turnout			22,231	72.5
	Liberal Democrats hold		Swing	−6.4

Graphical representation

**1959**
style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:34.6%;" \| 34.6%	style="background:Template:Independent Conservative/meta/color; width:65.3%;" \| 65.3%
Labour	Independent Conservative

**1964**
style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:30.2%;" \| 30.2%	style="background:Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color; width:36.1%;" \| 36.1%	style="background:Template:Independent Conservative/meta/color; width:12.7%;" \| 12.7%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:20.8%;" \| 20.8%
Labour	Liberal	Ind Conservative	Conservative

**1966**
style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:39.1%;" \| 39.1%	style="background:Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color; width:38.8%;" \| 38.8%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:21.9%;" \| 21.9%
Labour	Liberal	Conservative

**1970**
style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:15.4%;" \| 15.4%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:36.7%;" \| 36.7%	style="background:Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color; width:25.4%;" \| 25.4%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:22.3%;" \| 22.3%
SNP	Labour	Liberal	Conservative

**Feb 1974**
style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:16.1%;" \| 16.1%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:36.2%;" \| 36.2%	style="background:Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color; width:26.2%;" \| 26.2%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:21.5%;" \| 21.5%
SNP	Labour	Liberal	Conservative

**Oct 1974**
style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:23.9%;" \| 23.9%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:35.3%;" \| 35.3%	style="background:Template:Liberal Party (UK)/meta/color; width:22%;" \| 22.0%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:18.8%;" \| 18.8%
SNP	Labour	Liberal	Conservative

**1979**
style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:28%;" \| 28.0%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:41.5%;" \| 41.5%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:30.5%;" \| 30.5%
SNP	Labour	Conservative

**1983**
style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:11.0%;" \| 11.0%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:14.3%;" \| 14.3%	style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (UK)/meta/color; width:52.0%;" \| 52.0%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:22.7%;" \| 22.7%
SNP	Labour	SDP	Conservative

**1987**
style="background:Template:Green Party (UK)/meta/color; width:1.4%;" \|	style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:10.3%;" \| 10.3%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:14.9%;" \| 14.9%	style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (UK)/meta/color; width:53.7%;" \| 53.7%	style="background:Template:Independent Liberal/meta/color; width:2.9%;" \| 2.9	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:16.7%;" \| 16.7%
	SNP	Labour	SDP	ILi	Conservative

**1992**
style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:18.2%;" \| 18.2%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:15.6%;" \| 15.6%	style="background:Template:Liberal Democrats (UK)/meta/color; width:45.1%;" \| 45.1%	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:20.9%;" \| 20.9%
SNP	Labour	Lib Dems	Conservative

References

^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "C" (part 1)
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
^ The Times House of Commons, 1955
^ British Parliamentary election Results 1974-83 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary election Results 1974-83 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary election Results 1974-83 by FWS Craig
^ British Parliamentary Election Results 1974-83 by FWS Craig

style="background:Template:Green Party (UK)/meta/color; width:1.4%;" \|	style="background:Template:Scottish National Party/meta/color; width:10.3%;" \| 10.3%	style="background:Template:Labour Party (UK)/meta/color; width:14.9%;" \| 14.9%	style="background:Template:Social Democratic Party (UK)/meta/color; width:53.7%;" \| 53.7%	style="background:Template:Independent Liberal/meta/color; width:2.9%;" \| 2.9	style="background:Template:Conservative Party (UK)/meta/color; width:16.7%;" \| 16.7%
	SNP	Labour	SDP	ILi	Conservative

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