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Therapeutic Treatments
| Classification | Therapy | Goal | Duration | Size | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Behavioral Therapies | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) | ||||
| Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) | |||||
| Psychoanalytic Therapies | Psychoanalysis | ||||
| Psychodynamic Psychotherapy (PPT) | |||||
| Social Therapies | Group Therapy | ||||
| Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Therapy (IPT) | |||||
| Mindfulness | Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) | ||||
| Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) | |||||
| Expressive Therapies | Art Therapy | ||||
| Music Therapy | |||||
| Non-clinical Therapies | Light Therapy | ||||
| Other Options | Mental Health Counseling | ||||
| Social Worker | |||||
| Shared Care |
Medication
- Medication section (untouched)
Medical Devices
| Type/Device | Method | Variations | Duration | What does it do? | Effectiveness | Side Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) | Under general anesthesia; seizures that are electrically induced in patients to provide relief from psychiatric illnesses; used with Informed Consent as a last line of intervention. (75)(77) | Frequency of courses; electrode placement; electrical waveform of stimulus (77) | 2-3 times/week, as needed (83) | Anticonvulsant effect mostly in frontal lobes; neurotrophic effects in the medial temporal lobe (84) | Effective for 50% of patients with treatment-resistant MDD; 50% of long-term follow ups relapse (79) | Most common are confusion and memory loss; side effects of general anesthesia |
| Deep Brain Stimulation | Electrodes implanted in a specific region of the brain, which is then continuously stimulated. (86) | -- | Not FDA approved in the United States (88) | Electrically stimulating brain regions for treatment-resistant MDD. | About half of the patients who receive it do find dramatic improvement (87) | Generally trivial for younger patient population (as opposed to movement disorders) (87) |
| Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) | Noninvasive way of stimulating regions of the brain; magnetic field generator, or "coil" is placed near the head of the patient; coil produces small electric currents in the region just under it; coil is connected to pulse generator for electric current. (89)(90) | |||||
| Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) | ||||||
| Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation |
Other Treatments/Prevention
- Exercise
- Meditation
- St John's wort
- Sleep
- Smoking cessation
- Total/partial sleep deprivation
- Essential Fatty Acids