Mean platelet volume
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| Mean platelet volume |
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Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a machine-calculated measurement of the average size of platelets found in blood and is typically included in blood tests as part of the CBC. Since the average platelet size is larger when the body is producing increased numbers of platelets, the MPV test results can be used to make inferences about platelet production in bone marrow or platelet destruction problems.[1]
MPV is higher when there is destruction of platelets. This may be seen in inflammatory bowel disease,[2] immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), myeloproliferative diseases and Bernard-Soulier syndrome. It may also be related to pre-eclampsia and recovery from transient hypoplasia.[3]
Abnormally low MPV values correlate with thrombocytopenia when it is due to impaired production as in aplastic anemia. In addition, low MPV can correlate with abnormally small platelet size, sometimes a symptom of a spectrum referred to as Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS),[4] caused by a genetic mutation of the WAS gene.
Sample for MPV testing is obtained in a Lavender-Top EDTA tube. A typical range of platelet volumes is 9.4–12.3 fL[5] (femtolitre), equivalent to spheres 2.65 to 2.9 µm in diameter.
Conditions associated with altered MPV
Decreased MPV
- Cytotoxic Chemotherapy
- Hypersplenism
- Reactive Thrombocytosis
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Gilbert’s Syndrome
- Hypothyroidism
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
- X-Linked Thrombocytopenia
Increased MPV
- Immune Thrombocytopenia
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
- Myeloproliferative Disorders
- Administration of Erythropoietin / Thrombopoietin
- Recovery from transient hypoplasia
- Gray Platelet syndrome
- GATA-1 mutation
- vWD Type 2B
- Platelet Type vWD
- Paris-Trousseau Syndrome
- Mediterranean Macrothrombocytopenia
- Bernard-Soulier Syndrome[6]
- MYH9-related disorders
- 21q11 deletion syndrome
- Acute & Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
- Post-Splenectomy
- Vasculitis
- Megaloblastic Anemia[7]
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Pre-eclampsia
- Chronic kidney disease
- Respiratory Diseases
- Thrombocytopenia secondary to Sepsis
- Hyperthyroidism
- Myocardial Infarction
- Prosthetic Heart Valves
- Massive Hemorrhage
Inherited Thrombocytopenia with Normal MPV
- ATRUS Syndrome
- Thrombocytopenia 2 (THC2)
- Congenital Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia
- TAR Syndrome
- Familial Platelet disorder with predisposition to AML
References
- ^ [1], Lab Tests Online.
- ^ Liu, S; Ren, J; Han, G; Wang, G; Gu, G; Xia, Q; Li, J (Oct 12, 2012). "Mean platelet volume: a controversial marker of disease activity in Crohn's disease". European Journal of Medical Research. 17: 27. doi:10.1186/2047-783x-17-27. PMC 3519557. PMID 23058104.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ [2], Arch Pathol Lab Med. Vol 133, September 2009;1441-43..
- ^ "Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome". Immune Deficiency Foundation. Retrieved 2019-03-03.
- ^ "CBC (Complete Blood Count), Blood". www.healthcare.uiowa.edu. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
- ^ "Bernard-Soulier Syndrome Workup: Approach Considerations". emedicine.staging.medscape.com. Retrieved 2018-02-22.
- ^ McClatchey, Kenneth D. (2002). Clinical Laboratory Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780683307511.
External links
- [3] Immune Deficiency Foundation entry for Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
- MPV Definition
- [4] Medicinenet.com: Thrombocytopenia
- [5] Diabetesexplained.com: MPV
- [6] ahajournals.org: Article related to MPV
- Bessman, JD; Gilmer, PR; Gardner, FH (1985). "Use of mean platelet volume improves detection of platelet disorders". Blood Cells. 11 (1): 127–35. PMID 4074887.
- [7] Wisegeekcom: What is Mean Platelet Volume
- [8] Clinlabnavigator.com: MPV