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Douglas Murray (author)

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Douglas Murray
Murray in 2019
Murray in 2019
BornDouglas Kear Murray
(1979-07-16) 16 July 1979 (age 45)
London, England
Occupation
  • Author
  • political commentator
EducationSt Benedict's School
Eton College (6th form)
Alma materMagdalen College, Oxford
Period2000–present
Subject
  • Politics
  • culture
  • history
Notable works
Website
douglasmurray.net

Douglas Murray (born 16 July 1979)[1] is a British author and political commentator.[8] He founded the Centre for Social Cohesion in 2007, which became part of the Henry Jackson Society, where he was associate director from 2011 to 2018. He is currently an associate editor of the conservative-leaning British political and cultural magazine The Spectator.[9][10]

Murray is known for his criticism of immigration and Islam. His books include Neoconservatism: Why We Need It (2005), The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam (2017) and The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity (2019).

Ayaan Hirsi Ali and Sohrab Ahmari have praised Murray's work and writing on Islam in Europe.[11][12] French philosopher Bernard-Henri Lévy has said of Murray, "Whether one agrees with him or not" he is "one of the most important public intellectuals today."[13] Critics claim his views and ideology are linked to far-right political ideologies,[14][15] and accuse him of promoting far-right conspiracy theories such as Eurabia, Great Replacement, and Cultural Marxism.[16][17][18]

Early life

Murray was born in Hammersmith, London, to an English school teacher mother and a Scottish, Gaelic-speaking father who had been born on the Isle of Lewis and who worked as a civil servant. He has one elder brother.[4][19] In an interview with The Herald Murray stated that his father had intended to be in London temporarily but stayed after meeting his mother, and that they "encouraged a good discussion around the dinner table" when he was growing up but "neither are political."[20]

Murray was educated at his local state primary and secondary schools, before going to a comprehensive which had previously been a grammar school. Recalling this experience in 2011, he wrote, "My parents had been promised that the old grammar school standards and ethos remained, but none did. By the time I arrived the school was what would now be described as 'an inner-city sink school', a war zone similar to those many of the children's parents had escaped from." Murray's parents withdrew him from the school after a year. He won scholarships to St Benedict's School, Ealing, and subsequently Eton College, before going on to study English at Magdalen College, Oxford, from which he graduated.[19][21][4][22]

Publications

At age 19, while in his second year at the University of Oxford, Murray published Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas, which was described by Christopher Hitchens as "masterly".[22][23][24] Bosie was awarded a Lambda Award for a gay biography in 2000.[25] After leaving Oxford, Murray wrote a play, Nightfall, about the Swedish diplomat Raoul Wallenberg.[26]

In 2006, Murray published a defence of neoconservatism – Neoconservatism: Why We Need It – and went on a speaking tour promoting the book in the United States.[26] The publication was subsequently reviewed in the Arabic newspaper Asharq Al-Awsat by the Iranian author Amir Taheri: "Whether one agrees with him or not Murray has made a valuable contribution to the global battle of ideas."[27] In 2007, he assisted in the writing of Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership by Gen. Dr. Klaus Naumann, Gen. John Shalikashvili, Field Marshal The Lord Inge, Adm. Jacques Lanxade, and Gen. Henk van den Breemen.[28] His book Bloody Sunday was (jointly) awarded the 2011–2012 Christopher Ewart-Biggs Memorial Prize.[29] In June 2013, Murray's e-book Islamophilia: a Very Metropolitan Malady was published.[30]

In 2017, Murray published The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam, which spent almost 20 weeks on The Sunday Times bestseller list and was a No. 1 bestseller in non-fiction. It has since been published in over 20 languages.[31] In The Strange Death of Europe, Murray argued that Europe "is committing suicide" by allowing non-European immigration into its borders and losing its "faith in its beliefs".[32] The book received a polarized response from critics. Juliet Samuel of The Telegraph praised Murray, saying that: "His overall thesis, that a guilt-driven and exhausted Europe is playing fast and loose with its precious modern values by embracing migration on such a scale, is hard to refute."[33] An academic review in the Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs acclaimed the book as "explosive" and "an elegantly written, copiously documented exposé of Europe's suicidal hypocrisy".[34] Rod Liddle of The Sunday Times called the book "a brilliant, important and profoundly depressing book".[35]

Other reviews of the book were highly negative. In The Guardian, the political journalist Gaby Hinsliff described Strange Death as "gentrified xenophobia" and "Chapter after chapter circles around the same repetitive themes: migrants raping and murdering and terrorising", also pointing out that Murray offers little definition of the European culture which he claims is under threat.[36] Writing in The New York Times, Indian novelist Pankaj Mishra described the book as "a handy digest of far-right clichés".[37] Mishra accused Murray of defending Pegida, of writing that the English Defence League "had a point", and of describing Hungarian politician Viktor Orbán as a better sentinel of "European values" than George Soros.[37] Writing in The Intercept, Murtaza Hussain criticised what he called the "relentlessly paranoid tenor" and "apocalyptic picture of Europe" portrayed in the book, while challenging the links Murray made between non-European immigration and large increases in crime.[38] In Middle East Eye, Georgetown University in Qatar professor Ian Almond called the book "a staggeringly one-sided flow of statistics, interviews and examples, reflecting a clear decision to make the book a rhetorical claim that Europe is doomed to self-destruction".[39]

Murray wrote about social justice and identity politics in his 2019 book The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity which became a Sunday Times bestseller.[40][41] It was also nominated as an audio book of the year for the British Book Awards.[42] In the book, Murray points to what he sees as a cultural shift, away from established modes of religion and political ideology, in which various forms of victimhood can provide markers of social status.[43] He divides his book into sections dealing with different forms of victimhood, including types of LGBT identity, feminism, and racial politics.[44] Murray criticises the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault for what he sees as a reduction of society to a system of power relations.[45] Murray's book drew polarized responses from critics. Historian Tim Stanley in The Daily Telegraph praised the book, calling Murray "a superbly perceptive guide through the age of the social justice warrior".[46] Katie Law in the Evening Standard said that Murray "tackled another necessary and provocative subject with wit and bravery".[47] Conversely, William Davies gave a highly critical review of Murray's work in The Guardian, describing the book as "the bizarre fantasies of a rightwing provocateur, blind to oppression".[48]

In 2021 Murray published The War on the West: How to Prevail in the Age of Unreason. The book was characterised by columnist Gerard Baker as an examination of attempts to destroy Western civilisation from sources within.[49]

Media career

Murray being interviewed on the Mark Steyn Show in 2019

Murray is an associate editor of The Spectator.[50][51]

His book Bloody Sunday: Truths, Lies and The Saville Inquiry, was longlisted for the 2012 Orwell Book Prize.[52]

In 2016, Murray organised a competition through The Spectator in which entrants were invited to submit offensive poems about Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, with a top prize of £1,000 donated by a reader.[53] This was in reaction to the Böhmermann affair, in which German satirist Jan Böhmermann was prosecuted under the German penal code for such a poem.[54] Murray announced the winner of the poetry competition as Conservative MP Boris Johnson (former editor of the magazine, and former Mayor of London).[53]

In April 2019, Murray spent weeks urging New Statesman journalist George Eaton and editor Jason Cowley to share the original recording of an interview between Eaton and Roger Scruton, with Murray branding the published interview – which attributed a number of controversial statements to Scruton – as "journalistic dishonesty".[55] Murray eventually managed to acquire the recording, which formed the basis of an article in The Spectator defending Scruton, arguing that his remarks had been misinterpreted.[56][57] It is unclear how Murray obtained the recording.[58] The New Statesman subsequently apologized for Eaton's misrepresentation.[59][60][61]

Political views

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Murray has been described as a conservative,[62] a neoconservative,[63][64][65] and a regular critic of immigration[66] and Islam.[67] British journalist and broadcaster Peter Oborne described Douglas Murray as an anti-Muslim polemicist.[68] Murray has argued that there is an effort by the left to destroy Western culture, and has argued that criticisms of Western leaders and philosophers are motivated by attempts to hurt the west.[69]

Islam and Muslims

In February 2006, Murray said "conditions for Muslims in Europe must be made harder across the board: Europe must look like a less attractive proposition."[70][71] Murray's former coworker at the Centre for Social Cohesion, James Brandon, interpreted this comment as calling for the collective punishment of Muslims.[72] After Murray refused politician Paul Goodman's offer to disown these comments, the Conservative Party frontbench severed formal relations with Murray and his Centre for Social Cohesion.[73]

According to Brandon, Murray failed to distinguish Islam from Islamism.[72] Brandon said he attempted to "de-radicalise" Murray to ensure that only Islamists were targeted and not "Muslims as a whole".[72] Brandon writes that Murray has privately retracted some of his comments.[72] In 2010, during an Intelligence Squared US debate titled "Is Islam a Religion of Peace?", Murray argued "[Islamic Prophet] Muhammad was a bad man".[74][75][76]

In the wake of the 2017 London Bridge attack, Murray blamed Islam as a religion and called for reduced immigration.[77]

In 2008, Murray listed the cases of 27 writers, activists, politicians, and artists – including Sir Salman Rushdie, Maryam Namazie, and Anwar Shaikh, all three of whom had received death threats due to their criticism of Islam. Murray said that "Unless Muslims are allowed to discuss their religion without fear of attack there can be no chance of reform or genuine freedom of conscience within Islam."[78]

In 2009, Murray was prevented from chairing a debate at the London School of Economics between academic Alan Sked and philosopher Hamza Tzortzis on the topic "Islam or Liberalism: Which is the Way Forward?", with the university citing security concerns following a week-long student protest against Israel's attacks on Gaza. The debate took place without Murray chairing.[79] The move was criticised by the conservative press, such as The Daily Telegraph and The Spectator.[80][81][82]

In June 2009, Murray accepted an invitation to a debate with Islamist Anjem Choudary, leader of the banned militant group Al-Muhajiroun, on the subject of Sharia law and British law at Conway Hall. Members of Al-Muhajiroun acting as security guards tried to segregate men and women at the entrance of the event. Clashes broke out near the entrance between Choudary's and Murray's supporters. and Conway Hall cancelled the debate because of the attempted forced separation of men and women. Outside the building, a confrontation between Choudary and Murray over the cancellation of the event occurred.[83] Murray's Centre for Social Cohesion later published a study arguing that one-in-seven Islam-related terrorist cases in the UK could be linked to Al-Muhajiroun.[84]

Immigration

Murray is a vocal critic of immigration.[85][86] In March 2013, Murray claimed that London was a "foreign country" due to "white Britons" becoming a minority in 23 of the 33 London boroughs.[87][88] In Murray's book The Strange Death of Europe, he writes that Europe and its values are committing suicide due to mass immigration; in the opening pages, he calls for halting Muslim immigration. In the book, he also details crimes committed by immigrants in Europe and writes favourably of immigration hard-liner Viktor Orbán.[89][90]

In 2018, Murray filmed a video for PragerU entitled "The Suicide of Europe". In the video, he condemned "The mass movement of peoples into Europe…from the Middle East, North Africa and East Asia," and criticized European multiculturalism.[91] Koch interviewed a senior editor at the Anti-Defamation League's Center on Extremism, Mark Pitcavage, who accused the video of being "filled with anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim rhetoric".[91] Similarly, the Southern Poverty Law Center claimed that the video was a "dog whistle to the extreme right".[92]

In September 2016, Murray supported Donald Trump's proposal for a wall along the southern border of the United States.[93] In January 2017, Murray defended Executive Order 13769, which banned entry to the U.S. by citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries.[94]

Gender and sexuality

Murray is gay,[95] but has said that he believes that homosexuality "is an unstable component on which to base an individual identity and a hideously unstable way to try and base any form of group identity".[96][better source needed] In his book The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity, Murray asserts that homophobia has mostly been vanquished.[97][98]

Murray has said that it is a lie that a man can become a woman.[99] In September 2020, during an appearance on Joe Rogan's podcast, Murray compared accepting trans people to "late-empire sign of things falling apart".[100] He has stated that he thinks there is no such thing as non-binary gender.[101]

In September 2019, Murray said in an interview that women are held to a different standard than men when it comes to sexual behaviour, citing instances involving Drew Barrymore, Jane Fonda, and Mayim Bialik behaving sexually towards men without backlash from the media.[102]

Foreign policy

Murray speaking at the Future of Europe conference in Budapest, Hungary in 2018

In his book Neoconservatism: Why We Need It, Murray argues that neoconservatism is necessary for fighting against dictatorships and human rights abuses.[103] Murray wrote in support of the Iraq War in 2004,[104] and defended the war against critics on multiple occasions.[105] He has called for continuing the War on terror on Iran, Syria, and any regime which supports terrorism.[106] In 2021, Murray chastised the Biden administration for withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan.[107]

In 2013, Murray condemned journalist Owen Jones for mistakenly claiming that Israel had killed an 11-month old child in a military strike. Jones responded by criticising Murray for ignoring a UN report which said an Israel airstrike had killed numerous innocent civilians.[108] In 2014, Murray defended and supported Israel during 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict.[109] Murray also defended Israel's right to defend itself, saying, "If you don't believe that Israel has the right to stop a group that has proposed repeatedly since its existence that it wants to annihilate Israel, if you believe that Israel doesn't have the right to try and stop this enemy, then of course you don't believe Israel has the right to exist; you believe Israel has the right to die."[109] During a visit to Israel in 2019, Murray praised Israeli society's "attitude towards nationalism", and lauded Israel's restrictive approach to immigration.[110]

In March 2018, Hungarian politician Viktor Orbán posted a photo on his official Facebook account of himself reading the Hungarian-language edition of The Strange Death of Europe by Murray.[111] In May 2018, Murray was personally received by Orbán in Budapest as part of the "Future of Europe" conference, along with other conservative figures such as American political strategist Steve Bannon, and according to Hungarian state media had an individual discussion and photograph with Orbán.[112][113]

Other activities

Murray is on the international advisory board of NGO Monitor, a Jerusalem-based NGO described[by whom?] as pro-Israel and right-wing, which was founded in 2001 by professor Gerald M. Steinberg.[114][115][116] As of 2022, he was also one of the directors of the Free Speech Union, an organization established by British social commentator Toby Young in 2020 which speaks out against cancel culture.[117][118]

Murray participates in the intellectual dark web, a loosely affiliated group of commentators including Bret Weinstein, Dave Rubin, Joe Rogan, and Sam Harris.[119]

Criticism

A number of academic and journalistic sources critical of Murray have accused his ideology and political views of being far right,[120][121] alt-right[122] and Islamophobic.[123] His fans have described him as a defender of free speech.[124]

Murray has been accused of putting a socially acceptable face on what would otherwise be considered fringe ideologies. In 2012, Arun Kundnani wrote in an article for Security and Human Rights that the "counterjihadist" ideology expressed by Murray and other conservative intellectuals was "through reworking far-right ideology and appropriating official discourse... able to evade categorisation as a source of far-right violence".[125] British writer Nafeez Ahmed argued in Middle East Eye that Murray's support for free speech in the wake of the Charlie Hebdo shooting and the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks was "really just a ploy for far-right entryism".[126] In 2019, an article in Social Policy Review described Murray's views as a kind of "mainstreamist" ideology that defies easy categorization as extremist while remaining "entangled with the far right".[127]

Murray has been accused of promoting far-right conspiracy theories, including the Great Replacement theory,[128] the Eurabia conspiracy theory[129][130] and the cultural Marxism conspiracy theory.[131] However, he has indicated that he dislikes the term "cultural Marxism".[132]

American writer Patrick Deneen, who has described Murray as a 'Girondin' and his idea of The West as 'truncated and tendentious', has suggested that the Enlightenment which Murray sees as the basis of the civilisation of The West cannot and may not be arbitrarily distinguished from its more radical subsequent developments. Rather, he suggests that the origins of many of the problems Murray diagnoses in Western society have their very origin in the "Enlightenment and its original animus toward, and ultimate aspirations against, the classical and Christian tradition."[133] Describing his best selling book The War on the West, Deneen goes on "Figures such as Rousseau, Voltaire, Sartre, Marx, and even Kendi are essentially Western thinkers. A more honest title, then, might have been The War Within the West, but this acknowledgment might have given rise to the discomfiting possibility that the corruption lies within."[134]

Personal life

Murray has described himself as atheist, having been an Anglican until his twenties.[135][19][26] He has also described himself as a cultural Christian and a Christian atheist.[136][19]

Works

  • Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas. Sceptre. 2000. ISBN 978-0340793800.
  • Neoconservatism: Why We Need It. Social Affairs Unit. 2005. ISBN 978-1594033445.
  • Hate on the State: How British libraries encourage Islamic extremism. Centre for Social Cohesion. 2007. ISBN 978-1903386620. (with James Brandon)
  • Victims of Intimidation: Freedom of Speech Within Europe's Muslim Communities. Centre for Social Cohesion. 2008. ISBN 978-0956001313. (with Johan Pieter Verwey)
  • Bloody Sunday: Truths, Lies and the Saville Inquiry. Dialogue. 2011. ISBN 978-1849541497.
  • Islamophilia: A Very Metropolitan Malady. emBooks. 2013. ISBN 978-1627770507.
  • The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam. Bloomsbury. 2017. ISBN 978-1472942241.
  • The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity. Bloomsbury. 2019. ISBN 978-1472959959.
  • The War on the West: How to Prevail in the Age of Unreason. Harper Collins. 2022. ISBN 978-0063162020.

References

  1. ^ "Who is Douglas Murray? Journalist seen to be surviving bomb blast near Gaza while on-air with Piers Morgan". The Economic Times. 9 November 2023.
  2. ^ McManus, Matt; Robinson, Nathan J. (2 September 2022). "Taking White Supremacist Talking Points Mainstream". Current Affairs. ISSN 2471-2647. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  3. ^ Monk, Paul (26 August 2017). "Europe: immigration, identity, Islam: Douglas Murray warns of dangers". The Australian. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
  4. ^ a b c Law, Katie (4 May 2017). "Douglas Murray on immigration, Islam and identity". The Evening Standard.
  5. ^ Drori, Roni (29 July 2019). "Douglas Murray: 'What I Mind Is the Lie That a Man Can Become a Woman'". Haaretz. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  6. ^ Beacom, Brian (7 December 2019). "Douglas Murray: 'Relations between men and women cannot be turned into criminal acts in waiting'". HeraldScotland. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  7. ^ "Douglas Murray and the War on Western Culture – Opinion: Free Expression". The Wall Street Journal. 25 April 2022. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
  8. ^ [2][3][4][5][6][7]
  9. ^ "Douglas Murray". Henry Jackson Society. Retrieved 29 August 2016.
  10. ^ "24/8/2016". Newsnight. 24 August 2016. BBC. BBC Two. Retrieved 29 August 2016. And from our Oxford studio, Douglas Murray, Associate Editor of The Spectator
  11. ^ Ali, Ayaan Hirsi (2 February 2018). "Would Mark Twain be prevented from speaking at Berkeley?". Newsweek.
  12. ^ Sohrab Ahmari (14 August 2017). "Can Europe be Saved?".
  13. ^ Brian Beacom (7 December 2019). "Douglas Murray: 'Relations between men and women cannot be turned into criminal acts in waiting'".
  14. ^
    • Stewart, Blake (2020). "The Rise of Far-Right Civilizationism". Critical Sociology. 46 (7–8): 1207–1220. doi:10.1177/0896920519894051. S2CID 213307100. Acclaim for Murray's thought has been widespread, and ranges from liberal French public intellectual Bernard Henri-Levy, who claimed him to be 'one of the most important public intellectuals today', to authoritarian anti-immigrant hardliners such as Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, who went so far as to promote The Strange Death of Europe on his Facebook page in Spring 2018... Murray's book [The Madness of Crowds] remodels a much older theory of so-called 'cultural Marxism', which has long history in far-right thought.
    • Kundnani, Arun (2012). "Blind spot? Security narratives and far-right violence". Security and Human Rights. 23 (2): 129–146. doi:10.1163/18750230-99900008. Retrieved 2 January 2021. in January 2011, Douglas Murray, the associate director of the Henry Jackson Society, which influences the government on national security policy, stated that, in relation to the EDL: 'If you were ever going to have a grassroots response from non-Muslims to Islamism, that would be how you'd want it, surely.' … these statements suggest that 'counterjihadist' ideologies, through reworking far-right ideology and appropriating official discourse, are able to evade categorisation as a source of far-right violence.
    • Lux, Julia; David Jordan, John (2019). "Alt-Right 'cultural purity' ideology and mainstream social policy discourse - Towards a political anthropology of 'mainstremeist' ideology". In Elke, Heins; James, Rees (eds.). Social Policy Review 31: Analysis and Debate in Social Policy, 2019. Policy Press. doi:10.1332/policypress/9781447343981.001.0001. ISBN 978-1-4473-4400-1. S2CID 213019061. Retrieved 2 January 2021. Media pundit, journalist, and conspiracy entrepreneur Douglas Murray is a prime example of illustrating the influence of an 'organic intellectual'. Murray has written passionately in support of British fascist Tommy Robinson (Murray, 2018) and describes Islam as an "opportunistic infection" (Hasan, 2013) linked to the "strange death of Europe" (Murray, 2017a). Murray's ideas are not only entangled with the far-right (working class or otherwise), but with wider social connections.
    • Busher, Joel (2013). "Grassroots activism in the English Defence League: Discourse and public (dis) order". In Taylor, Max; Holbrook, Donald (eds.). Extreme Right Wing Political Violence and Terrorism. A&C Black. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4411-4087-6. Retrieved 2 January 2021. Popular commentators and public figures among the [EDL] activists that I have met include Geert Wilders, Robert Spencer, Melanie Philips, Andrew Gilligan, Douglas Murray, Pat Condell, and some of the commentators who contribute to forums like Alan Lake's Four Freedoms website.
    • Bloomfield, Jon (2020). "Progressive Politics in a Changing World: Challenging the Fallacies of Blue Labour". The Political Quarterly. 91 (1): 89–97. doi:10.1111/1467-923X.12770. S2CID 211395195. In the post‐Enoch Powell era, the UK has evolved a broad, cross‐party consensus that maintains that British citizenship and identity is not defined ethnically. The white nationalist right like Roger Scruton and Douglas Murray reject that.
  15. ^
    • Kotch, Alex (27 December 2018). "Who funds PragerU's anti-Muslim content?". Sludge. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2020. 'Europe is committing suicide,' says British author Douglas Murray in a video published by the far-right educational nonprofit Prager University. The cause? 'The mass movement of peoples into Europe…from the Middle East, North Africa and East Asia' who allegedly made Europe lose faith in its beliefs and traditions
    • Hussain, Murtaza (25 December 2018). "The Far Right is obsessed with a book about Muslims destroying Europe. Here's what it gets wrong". The Intercept. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
    • Ahmed, Nafeez (9 March 2015). "White supremacists at the heart of Whitehall". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2021. Murray's screed against the free speech of those asking questions about the intelligence services is ironic given that in a separate Wall Street Journal comment, he laments that the attacks in Paris and Copenhagen prove the West is losing the war on "free speech" being waged by Islamists. But Murray's concerns about free speech are really just a ploy for far-right entryism.
  16. ^ Murray and the Eurabia conspiracy theory:
    • Pertwee, Ed (2020). "Donald Trump, the anti-Muslim far right and the new conservative revolution". Ethnic and Racial Studies. 43 (16): 211–230. doi:10.1080/01419870.2020.1749688. Ye'Or's Eurabia: the Euro-Arab Axis (2005) is the canonical work of the genre (Bangstad 2013; Larsson 2012), but extemporizations on her basic theme can be found in the work of many conservative writers during the late 2000s and 2010s, such as Melanie Phillips, Mark Steyn, Bruce Bawer, Christopher Caldwell, Douglas Murray and, more recently, Alt-Right-linked figures such as Lauren Southern and Raheem Kassam. The conclusive differentiator between counter-jihadist and more mainstream conservative laments about Western decline is the former's decidedly conspiratorial framing...
    • Yörükoğlu, Ilgın (2020). "We Have Never Been Coherent: Integration, Sexual Tolerance, Security" (E-Book). Acts of Belonging in Modern Societies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. pp. 27–51. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45172-1_2. ISBN 978-3-030-45172-1. S2CID 226723768. Retrieved 6 January 2021. It is not only far-right political parties and "alt-right" blogs that are fueling the fire of xenophobia. In our century, be it the Financial Times columnist Christopher Caldwell's Reflections on a Revolution in Europe (2009) that recapitulates the idea of a slow-moving Muslim barbarian invasion, along with the Muslim "disorder, penury and crime", or the works by Douglas Murray and Thilo Sarrazin (which I mention below), a number of European and American best sellers have supplied the emotional force to the Eurabia conspiracy in particular and the alt-right in general.
  17. ^ Murray and the Great Replacement conspiracy theory:
    • Ramakrishna, Kumar (2020). "The White Supremacist Terrorist Threat to Asia". Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses. 12 (4): 1–7. JSTOR 26918075. Retrieved 7 January 2021. This Great Replacement motif articulated by Murray, Camus and other prominent conservative intellectuals has been weaponised as a rallying cry for white supremacists around the world, including Robert Bowers, who killed 11 worshippers at a Pittsburgh synagogue in October 2018 and Tarrant, the Christchurch attacker, whose own manifesto posted online is called "The Great Replacement".
  18. ^ Murray and the Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory:
    • Stewart, Blake (2020). "The Rise of Far-Right Civilizationism". Critical Sociology. 46 (7–8): 1207–1220. doi:10.1177/0896920519894051. S2CID 213307100. Acclaim for Murray's thought has been widespread, and ranges from liberal French public intellectual Bernard Henri-Levy, who claimed him to be 'one of the most important public intellectuals today', to authoritarian anti-immigrant hardliners such as Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, who went so far as to promote The Strange Death of Europe on his Facebook page in Spring 2018... Murray's book [The Madness of Crowds] remodels a much older theory of so-called 'cultural Marxism', which has long history in far-right thought.
  19. ^ a b c d Holloway, Richard (7 May 2017). "Sunday Morning With..." BBC Radio Scotland.
  20. ^ Brian Beacom (7 December 2019). "Douglas Murray: 'Relations between men and women cannot be turned into criminal acts in waiting'". Retrieved 24 December 2022.
  21. ^ "Education Supplements: Chance of a lifetime – Douglas Murray". spectator.co.uk. Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
  22. ^ a b Smith, Dinitia (18 July 2000). "A Look at the Other Central Figure In the Famous Case of Oscar Wilde". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  23. ^ "Pass Notes: Douglas Murray; The lowdown on the precocious author of a new Bosie biography". The Guardian. London. 8 June 2000. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
  24. ^ Hitchens, Christopher (30 August 2006). "Christopher Hitchens: Young Brit defends American people, politics and policies". Washington Examiner. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
  25. ^ Cerna, Antonio Gonzalez (10 July 2001). "13th Annual Lambda Literary Awards". Lambda Literary. Retrieved 2 September 2019.
  26. ^ a b c Freedman, Daniel (17 August 2006). "Mugged by Reality". New York Sun. Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 24 December 2011.
  27. ^ Taheri, Amir (20 January 2006). "Neoconservatism: Why We Need It". Asharq al-Awsat. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
  28. ^ "Towards a Grand Strategy for an Uncertain World: Renewing Transatlantic Partnership" (PDF). Center for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  29. ^ "The 2011 – 2012 Prize | Christopher Ewart-Biggs Memorial Prize for advancing peace and understanding on the island of Ireland". Ewartbiggsprize.org.uk. 30 January 1972. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  30. ^ Fowler, Jack (10 June 2013). "Islamophilia". National Review. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
  31. ^ Liddle, Rod (3 June 2018). "The Strange Death of Europe". Jewish Book Week.
  32. ^ Murray, Douglas (2017). The Strange Death of Europe. London: Bloosmbury. pp. 2–3. ISBN 9781472942241.
  33. ^ Samuel, Juliet (6 May 2017). "Yanis Varoufakis and Douglas Murray: why Europe is weary". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  34. ^ Geron Pilon, Juliana (2017). "The Strange Death of Europe: Immigration, Identity, Islam/The End of Europe: Dictators, Demagogues, and the Coming Dark Age". Israel Journal of Foreign Affairs. 11 (2): 255–260. doi:10.1080/23739770.2017.1375282. S2CID 219288742. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  35. ^ Liddle, Rod (7 May 2017). "Books: The Strange Death of Europe by Douglas Murray". The Sunday Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
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    • Stewart, Blake (2020). "The Rise of Far-Right Civilizationism". Critical Sociology. 46 (7–8): 1207–1220. doi:10.1177/0896920519894051. S2CID 213307100. Acclaim for Murray's thought has been widespread, and ranges from liberal French public intellectual Bernard Henri-Levy, who claimed him to be 'one of the most important public intellectuals today', to authoritarian anti-immigrant hardliners such as Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, who went so far as to promote The Strange Death of Europe on his Facebook page in Spring 2018... Murray's book [The Madness of Crowds] remodels a much older theory of so-called 'cultural Marxism', which has long history in far-right thought.
    • Lux, Julia; Jordan, John David (2019). "Alt-Right 'cultural purity' ideology and mainstream social policy discourse - Towards a political anthropology of 'mainstremeist' ideology". In Elke, Heins; James, Rees (eds.). Social Policy Review 31: Analysis and Debate in Social Policy, 2019. Policy Press. doi:10.1332/policypress/9781447343981.001.0001. ISBN 978-1-4473-4400-1. S2CID 213019061. Retrieved 2 January 2021. Media pundit, journalist, and conspiracy entrepreneur Douglas Murray is a prime example of illustrating the influence of an 'organic intellectual'. Murray has written passionately in support of British fascist Tommy Robinson (Murray, 2018) and describes Islam as an "opportunistic infection" (Hasan, 2013) linked to the "strange death of Europe" (Murray, 2017a). Murray's ideas are not only entangled with the far-right (working class or otherwise), but with wider social connections.
    • Busher, Joel (2013). "Grassroots activism in the English Defence League: Discourse and public (dis) order". In Taylor, Max; Holbrook, Donald (eds.). Extreme Right Wing Political Violence and Terrorism. A&C Black. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4411-4087-6. Retrieved 2 January 2021. Popular commentators and public figures among the [EDL] activists that I have met include Geert Wilders, Robert Spencer, Melanie Philips, Andrew Gilligan, Douglas Murray, Pat Condell, and some of the commentators who contribute to forums like Alan Lake's Four Freedoms website.
  121. ^ Journalistic sources:
    • Kotch, Alex (27 December 2018). "Who funds PragerU's anti-Muslim content?". Sludge. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 20 December 2020. "Europe is committing suicide," says British author Douglas Murray in a video published by the far-right educational nonprofit Prager University. The cause? "The mass movement of peoples into Europe…from the Middle East, North Africa and East Asia" who allegedly made Europe lose faith in its beliefs and traditions
    • Ahmed, Nafeez (9 March 2015). "White supremacists at the heart of Whitehall". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2021. Murray's screed against the free speech of those asking questions about the intelligence services is ironic given that in a separate Wall Street Journal comment, he laments that the attacks in Paris and Copenhagen prove the West is losing the war on "free speech" being waged by Islamists. But Murray's concerns about free speech are really just a ploy for far-right entryism.
    • Hussain, Murtaza (25 December 2018). "The Far Right is obsessed with a book about Muslims destroying Europe. Here's what it gets wrong". The Intercept. Archived from the original on 30 November 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  122. ^
    • Halper, Evan (23 August 2019). "How a Los Angeles-based conservative became one of the internet's biggest sensations". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 18 December 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021. Prager says he disavows the alt-right ideology that has gained ground in the Trump era, but the online lessons often echo some of the movement's talking points. A video of Dinesh D'Souza, the right-wing author, opining on why Western cultures are superior to others has been viewed 4.7 million times, for example. Another, featuring Douglas Murray, the British author of several books about Europe and immigration, laments that North African and Middle Eastern immigrants have been permitted to destroy European culture by refusing to assimilate. It has 6.7 million views
    • Yörükoğlu, Ilgın (2 July 2020). "We Have Never Been Coherent: Integration, Sexual Tolerance, Security" (E-Book). Acts of Belonging in Modern Societies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. pp. 27–51. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45172-1_2. ISBN 978-3-030-45172-1. S2CID 226723768. Retrieved 6 January 2021. It is not only far-right political parties and "alt-right" blogs that are fueling the fire of xenophobia. In our century, be it the Financial Times columnist Christopher Caldwell's Reflections on a Revolution in Europe (2009) that recapitulates the idea of a slow-moving Muslim barbarian invasion, along with the Muslim "disorder, penury and crime", or the works by Douglas Murray and Thilo Sarrazin (which I mention below), a number of European and American best sellers have supplied the emotional force to the Eurabia conspiracy in particular and the alt-right in general.
  123. ^ Murray described as Islamophobic: Murray described as 'Islamophobic':
  124. ^ Ivers, Charlotte. "Douglas Murray: I love the western world. Is that such a thought crime?". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  125. ^ Kundnani, Arun (2012). "Blind spot? Security narratives and far-right violence". Security and Human Rights. 23 (2): 129–146. doi:10.1163/18750230-99900008. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  126. ^ Ahmed, Nafeez (9 March 2015). "White supremacists at the heart of Whitehall". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 1 November 2019. Retrieved 6 January 2021. Murray's screed against the free speech of those asking questions about the intelligence services is ironic given that in a separate Wall Street Journal comment, he laments that the attacks in Paris and Copenhagen prove the West is losing the war on "free speech" being waged by Islamists. But Murray's concerns about free speech are really just a ploy for far-right entryism.
  127. ^ Lux, Julia; Jordan, John David (2019). "Alt-Right 'cultural purity' ideology and mainstream social policy discourse - Towards a political anthropology of 'mainstremeist' ideology". In Elke, Heins; James, Rees (eds.). Social Policy Review 31: Analysis and Debate in Social Policy, 2019. Policy Press. doi:10.1332/policypress/9781447343981.001.0001. ISBN 978-1-4473-4400-1. S2CID 213019061. Retrieved 2 January 2021. Media pundit, journalist, and conspiracy entrepreneur Douglas Murray is a prime example of illustrating the influence of an 'organic intellectual'. Murray has written passionately in support of British fascist Tommy Robinson (Murray, 2018) and describes Islam as an "opportunistic infection" (Hasan, 2013) linked to the "strange death of Europe" (Murray, 2017a). Murray's ideas are not only entangled with the far-right (working class or otherwise), but with wider social connections.
  128. ^ Oborne, Peter (20 May 2022). "Douglas Murray and the mainstreaming of the 'Great Replacement' theory". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
  129. ^ Pertwee, Ed (2020). "Donald Trump, the anti-Muslim far right and the new conservative revolution". Ethnic and Racial Studies. 43 (16): 211–230. doi:10.1080/01419870.2020.1749688.
  130. ^ Yörükoğlu, Ilgın (2 July 2020). "We Have Never Been Coherent: Integration, Sexual Tolerance, Security" (E-Book). Acts of Belonging in Modern Societies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. pp. 27–51. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45172-1_2. ISBN 978-3-030-45172-1. S2CID 226723768. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  131. ^ Stewart, Blake (2020). "The Rise of Far-Right Civilizationism". Critical Sociology. 46 (7–8): 1207–1220. doi:10.1177/0896920519894051. S2CID 213307100.
  132. ^ Murray, Douglas (29 March 2019). "Is cultural Marxism a myth?". UnHerd. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  133. ^ Patrick Deneen. "The Anti-Woke Girondist's Lament". compactmag.com. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  134. ^ Patrick Deneen. "The Anti-Woke Girondist's Lament". compactmag.com. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  135. ^ Hitchens, Dan (29 June 2021). "Douglas Murray: The anti-woke atheist with a soft spot for Christianity". Christianity. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  136. ^ Harris, Samuel 'Sam' (22 November 2015). "On the Maintenance of Civilization". Podcast. Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
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