Justine Favart
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Justine Favart | |
|---|---|
 Madame Favart (1762) in an engraving by Flipart after a portrait by Charles-Nicolas Cochin | |
| Born | Marie Duronceray 15 June 1727 |
| Died | 22 April 1772 (aged 44) Paris |
| Occupation(s) | Actress Operatic singer Playwright |
| Spouse | Charles Simon Favart |
Marie Justine Benoîte Favart (née Duronceray) (15 June 1727 – 22 April 1772) was an operatic singer, actress, playwright and dancer, the wife of the dramatist, Charles Simon Favart.
Madame Favart, conosciuta anche come Justine Favart, ha giocato un ruolo cruciale nel cambiamento del gusto operistico parigino nel XVIII secolo. Ha contribuito alla transizione da norme francesi a uno stile lirico influenzato dai modelli italiani, evolvendo infine nell'opera comica francese. Justine era anche una riformatrice innovativa nei costumi teatrali, introducendo abiti più semplici e realistici rispetto ai sontuosi costumi di corte precedenti.
In collaborazione con suo marito Charles-Simon Favart e altri autori, ha partecipato a numerose opere di successo, tra cui "La fille mal gardée". La sua carriera fu segnata da un episodio turbolento con Maurice de Saxe, che la costrinse a fuggire e a essere confinata in un convento fino alla morte di de Saxe nel 1750. Dopo questo evento, Justine riprese la sua carriera alla Comédie-Italienne, dove rimase una figura di rilievo per vent'anni.
Tra i ruoli da lei creati vi sono La Vieille, Robinette e Thérèse nell'opera "La fée Urgèle" di Egidio Duni. La sua vita e carriera furono romanzate nell'opéra comique "Madame Favart" di Jacques Offenbach.
Le opere drammatiche di Marie Justine Favart comprendono: - 1753: "Les amours de Bastien et Bastienne" - 1754: "La feste d'amour, ou Lucas et Colinette" - 1757: "Les encorcelés, ou Jeannot et Jeannette" - 1758: "La fille mal gardée, ou Le pédant amoureux" - 1760: "La fortune au village" Morì a Parigi il 22 aprile 1772, all’età di 44 anni
Biography
Madame Favart is largely responsible for the 18th-century change in Parisian operatic taste from French standards to performances of a lyric type adapted from Italian models, which developed later into the genuine French comic opera. She was also a bold reformer in matters of stage costume, playing the peasant with bare arms, in wooden shoes and linen dress, and not, as heretofore, in court costume with enormous hoops, diamonds and long white kid gloves. With her husband, and other authors, she collaborated in a number of successful pieces, and one La fille mal gardée she produced alone.[1]
Maurice, comte de Saxe, a Marshal of France and her husband's patron, began to make advances to Mme Favart, and Favart was forced to flee. Mme Favart was established by the marshal in a house at Vaugirard; proving a fickle mistress, she was suddenly arrested and confined in a convent, where she was brought to unconditional surrender in the beginning of 1750. Before the year was out the marshal died, and Mme Favart reappeared at the Comédie Italienne, where for twenty years she was a great favourite.[1] Among the roles created by Mme Favart were La Vieille, Robinette and Thérèse in Egidio Duni's La fée Urgèle, which was premiered at court in 1765.
Madame Favart in fictionalised form is the title-character of Offenbach's 1878 opéra comique, Madame Favart.
In the edition in ten volumes of the works of the couple Favart, published in 1763-1772 at Duchesne (Paris), Volume 5 is devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Marie Justine Favart. These are the following:
- 1753: Les amours de Bastien et Bastienne, parodie du Devin de village,
- 1754: La feste d’amour, ou Lucas et Colinette, petite pièce en vers et en un acte,
- 1757: Les encorcelés, ou Jeannot et Jeannette, parodie des Surprises de l’amour,
- 1758: La fille mal gardée, ou Le pédant amoureux, parodie de la Provençale,
- 1760: La fortune au village, parodie d’Églée and
- 1762: Annette et Lubin, comédie en un acte et en vers.
References
- ^ a b Chisholm 1911.
Sources
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Favart, Charles Simon". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). p. 213 see line 9.
in 1745 (Favart) married Marie Justine Benoîte Duronceray (1727–1772), a beautiful young dancer, singer and actress, who as "Mlle Chantilly" had made a successful début the year before.....
- Warrack, John and West, Ewan (1992), The Oxford Dictionary of Opera, 782 pages, ISBN 0-19-869164-5
External links
- Actors from Avignon
- Actresses from Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
- 1727 births
- 1772 deaths
- 18th-century French dramatists and playwrights
- French women dramatists and playwrights
- 18th-century French women opera singers
- French ballerinas
- 18th-century French actresses
- French stage actresses
- 18th-century French ballet dancers
- 18th-century French women writers
- Musicians from Avignon