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Fort Payne, Alabama

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Fort Payne, Alabama
City
Aerial view of Fort Payne, Alabama (Lookout Mountain in background0
Aerial view of Fort Payne, Alabama
(Lookout Mountain in background0
Location in DeKalb County and the state of Alabama
Location in DeKalb County and the state of Alabama
CountryUnited States
StateAlabama
CountyDeKalb
Government
 • TypeMayor-Council (5 members)
 • MayorBill Jordan (term ends 2012)
Area
 • Total
56 sq mi (144.9 km2)
 • Land55.9 sq mi (144.7 km2)
 • Water0.1 sq mi (0.2 km2)
Elevation
906 ft (276 m)
Population
 (2000)
 • Total
12,938
 • Density231/sq mi (89.3/km2)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP code
35967-35968
Area code256
FIPS code01-27616
GNIS feature ID0150235
Websitehttp://www.fortpayne.org/

Fort Payne is a city in DeKalb County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 12,938. The city is the county seat of DeKalb County. It bills itself as the "Official Sock Capital of the World."

In the 19th century this was the site of Willstown, an important village of the Cherokees who relocated to Tahlequah, Oklahoma during the Cherokee Trail of Tears. For a time beginning in 1989, Fort Payne held the world record for "Largest Cake Ever Baked", for a cake of 128,238 pounds (58,290 kg) baked to commemorate the city's centennial.[1]

A magnitude 4.9 earthquake occurred here in 2003.[2]

History

The site of Fort Payne was originally the important village of Willstown, Cherokee Nation. For a time it was the home of Sequoyah, who invented the Cherokee syllabary, enabling reading and writing in the language. The settlement was commonly called Willstown, after its headman, a red-headed mixed-race man named Will. According to Major John Norton, a more accurate transliteration would have been Titsohili. The son of a Cherokee adoptee of the Mohawk, Norton grew up among Native Americans and traveled extensively throughout the region in the early 19th century. He stayed at Willstown several times,[3]

During the 1830s prior to Indian removal, the US Army under command of Major John Payne built a fort here that was used to intern Cherokees until relocation to Oklahoma. Their forced exile became known as the Trail of Tears.)

By the 1860s, Fort Payne and the surrounding area were still sparsely settled. It had no strategic targets and was the scene of only minor skirmishes between Union and Confederate forces during the Civil War. About the time of the Second Battle of Chattanooga, a large Union force briefly entered the county, but it did not engage substantial Confederate forces.[4][5]

In 1878 Fort Payne became the county seat, and in 1889 it was incorporated as a town. The community of Lebanon had served as the county seat since 1850. With the completion of rail lines between Birmingham and Chattanooga, Fort Payne began to grow, as it was on the rail line. County sentiment supported having the seat in a community served by the railroad.[5]

In the late 1880s, Fort Payne experienced explosive growth as investors and workers from New England and the North flooded into the region to exploit coal and iron deposits discovered a few years earlier. This period is called the "Boom Days", or simply as the "Boom". Many of the notable and historic buildings in Fort Payne date from this period of economic growth, including the state's oldest standing theater, the Fort Payne Opera House; the former factory of the Hardware Manufacturing Company (today known as the W.B. Davis Mill Building, and home to an antiques mall and deli), and the Fort Payne Depot Museum, formerly the passenger station for the present-day Norfolk Southern Railway. Today it serves as a museum of local history.[3]

The DeKalb Hotel.
Built in the Boom in 1889; burned 1918.

The iron and coal deposits turned out to be much smaller than expected. Many of the Boom promoters left the region, and Fort Payne experienced a period of economic decline. That downturn shifted in 1907, when the W.B. Davis Hosiery Mill began operations. This was the beginning of decades of hosiery manufacture in Fort Payne.[6] By the beginning of the 21st century, the hosiery industry in Fort Payne employed over 7,000 people in more than 100 mills. It produced more than half of the socks made in the United States.

Beginning in the 1990s, the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Central American Free Trade Agreement lowered tariffs on textile products imported into the United States, resulting in large increases in sock imports. Many businesses in Fort Payne accused foreign manufacturers, particularly those from China, of engaging in dumping of socks below cost, to force American companies out of the sock business. By 2005, hosiery mill employment in Fort Payne had declined to around 5,500, and several mills had closed. In later 2005 the federal government gained an agreement with the Chinese government to slow the schedule for the removal of tariffs, delaying their full removal until 2008.[7][8]

Reacting more quickly to changes than at the end of the Boom, in the 1990s business and civic leaders in Fort Payne began to take steps to diversify the city's economy. Several new commercial and industrial projects were developed. The largest was the 2006 construction of a distribution center for The Children's Place stores, a facility that employed 600 people in its first phase of operation.[9]

Near Fort Payne is Akins Furniture, a business in an old country store building, which bills itself as the largest furniture store in Alabama.[10]

Local Attractions

Fort Payne houses the headquarters for the nearby Little River Canyon National Preserve, a 14,000-acre (57 km²) National Park Service facility established by Congress in 1992. The canyon itself is at Lookout Mountain outside the city limits. Another attraction based on natural resources is DeSoto State Park, a smaller facility with a lodge, restaurant, cabins, and river access areas.

Little River Canyon, just outside Fort Payne city limits.
National Park Service photo

The country music group Alabama is based in Fort Payne. The city also houses the group's Fan Club and Museum.

Fort Payne is within a 30-minute drive of substantial water recreational areas, notably Guntersville Lake, and Lake Weiss, an artificial lake on the Coosa River. Fort Payne is also near Mentone, a popular mountain resort area known for summer children's camps and rustic hotels, restaurants and cabins.

Geography

Fort Payne is located at 34°27′14″N 85°42′24″W / 34.45389°N 85.70667°W / 34.45389; -85.70667 (34.453829, -85.706648)Template:GR.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 56.0 square miles (144.9 km²), of which, 55.9 square miles (144.7 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km²) of it (0.14%) is water.

The town lies in a narrow valley on Big Wills Creek in the Cumberland Plateau region immediately west of Lookout Mountain, with Sand Mountain somewhat more removed to the west. Drainage is through Big Wills Creek to the Coosa River.

Elevation: 899 feet

Lodgings

  • Holiday Inn Express & Suites
  • Days Inn
  • Mountain View

Climate

Fort Payne is notable for a temperate, subtropical climate. Winters usually feature measurable, though infrequent, snow. The Cloudmont Ski Resort, nearby on Lookout Mountain, makes manmade snow as winter temperatures permit. The area is subject to occasional tornadoes. In the Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1994, an F3 tornado passed just west of the city, and the city itself was hit by tornadoes in 1973 and 1982.[11] Occasionally, a hurricane that has made landfall in the Gulf of Mexico will reach Fort Payne as a tropical storm or tropical depression. However, in 1995 the eye of Hurricane Opal reached Fort Payne with hurricane-force winds.[12] Even more freakish was the famous 1993 Storm of the Century, which dumped more than 20 inches of snow on Fort Payne, immobilizing the city and the surrounding area for days.

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high
°F (°C) 		50 (10) 53 (12) 60 (16) 69 (21) 78 (26) 86 (30) 87 (31) 87 (31) 82 (28) 73 (23) 60 (16) 51 (11) 69 (21)
Average low
°F (°C) 		30 (-1) 30 (-1) 35 (2) 42 (6) 51 (11) 60 (16) 64 (18) 62 (17) 57 (14) 44 (7) 35 (2) 30 (-1) 44 (7)
Average rainfall: inches/mm 5.3 /
134 		5.3 /
134 		6.1
155 		4.9
124 		4.3
110 		4.2
108 		5
128 		4
102 		3.5
89 		3.1
79 		3.9
99 		5
127 		54.6 /
1389

source: weatherbase.com

Demographics

As of the censusTemplate:GR of 2000, there were 12,938 people, 5,046 households, and 3,506 families residing in the city. The population density was 231.5 people per square mile (89.4/km²). There were 5,585 housing units at an average density of 100.0/sq mi (38.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 83.22% White, 4.53% Black or African American, 0.80% Native American, 0.55% Asian, 0.16% Pacific Islander, 8.41% from other races, and 2.33% from two or more races. 12.17% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

The City Hall in Fort Payne, Alabama

There were 5,046 households out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.9% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 26.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.97.

The DeKalb County Alabama Courthouse in Fort Payne, Alabama

In the city the population was spread out with 23.4% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,560, and the median income for a family was $40,200. Males had a median income of $29,731 versus $20,135 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,690. About 8.3% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.0% of those under age 18 and 17.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education

Fort Payne is served by the Fort Payne City Schools system, which includes:

  • Wills Valley Elementary (K-2)
  • Williams Avenue Elementary (3-4)
  • Fort Payne Middle School (5-8)
  • Fort Payne High School (9-12), home of the Wildcats

Health Care

Media

Transportation

Notable natives and residents

References

  1. ^ "Biggest and Most and Devoured in the U.S.A.," The New York Times, July 3, 1991
  2. ^ U.S. Geological Survey: Fort Payne, Alabama Earthquake of 29 April 2003
  3. ^ a b DeKalb County Tourist Association: History of DeKalb County
  4. ^ Landmarks of DeKalb County: Civil War Skirmishes
  5. ^ a b Landmarks of DeKalb: History of DeKalb County
  6. ^ Landmarks of DeKalb Communities: Fort Payne
  7. ^ "Government Acts to Help Textile Mills," The Gadsden Times, November 9, 2005, p. B1
  8. ^ "'Sock Capital of the World' Fights Back," The Huntsville Times, September 1, 2004, p. B2
  9. ^ New Retail Distribution Center in DeKalb Will Employ up to 600 Workers", The Gadsden Times, September 27, 2006, p. A1
  10. ^ "Furniture Warehouse, Store to Boost Job Force", The Birmingham News, January 11, 2006, p. 2C
  11. ^ "DeKalb Assessing Tornado Damage," The Huntsville Times, March 29, 1994, p. B1
  12. ^ "Area Escapes Storm's Worst," The Huntsville Times, October 5, 1995, p. A1

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