Yibna Bridge
Yibna Bridge | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Coordinates | 31°54′N 34°48′E / 31.9°N 34.8°E |
| Carries |  Route 410 |
| Crosses | Nahal Sorek |
| Locale | Yibna, Israel |
| Official name | Yibna Bridge |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Arch |
| Total length | 48 metres |
| Width | 11.5 metres |
| History | |
| Opened | 1273-4 CE |
| Location | |
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The Yibna Bridge is a Mamluk arch bridge near Yibna, which crosses the river Nahal Sorek (formerly known as Nahr Rubin, or Wadi al-Tahuna). It is currently used by Route 410 to Rehovot.
Description
The bridge is 48 meters long, and 11.5 meters wide.[1] It comprises three arches, two central piers with triangular upstream-facing cutwaters and downstream-facing buttresses with sloping cills.[2]
It is very similar in design to the more well-known Jisr Jindas, apart from the width of the piers.[2] The bridge has a more than 2:1 arch-span to pier-width ratio versus approximately 1:1 at Jisr Jindas.[2]
The bridge does not contain any decoration or inscriptions, similar to that found on Jisr Jindas. However, according to Andrew Petersen there is "a possible inscription or signature" on a stone at the south end.[2]
History
The bridge was one in a series of bridges built by Sultan Baybars in Egypt and Palestine. It was first studied in modern times by Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau, who noted that an Arabic chronicle had referred to the construction by Beibars in 672 AH of two bridges build of a significant nature “in the neighbourhood of Ramleh”. The chief purpose of these bridges was to ease communication for his armies between Egypt and northern Syria.[3] The second of these two bridges is thought to be the Jisr Jindas.[3]
According to Clermont-Ganneau, the bridge was built in 671-672 AH (1273-1274).[4] The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land cites the completion date as 1273.[5]
Max van Berchem, who examined it in the late 19th century, found that the bridge contained large amount of reused Crusader masonry, some of which carried mason´s marks.[6]
See also
References
- ^ Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ a b c d Petersen, 2008, p.297
- ^ a b Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, pp.110-117
- ^ Clermont-Ganneau, 1896, ARP II, p. 174; Reinecke, 1992, II, 38 No. 170. Both cited in Petersen, 2001, p. 318
- ^ Levy, 1995, p.517
- ^ Clermont-Garneau, 1896, ARP II, p.182 Also cited in Petersen, 2001, p.318
Bibliography
- Clermont-Ganneau, Charles Simon (1896). [ARP] Archaeological Researches in Palestine 1873-1874, translated from the French by J. McFarlane. Vol. 2. London: Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Levy, Thomas Evan (1995). Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. A&C Black. ISBN 0718513886.
- Meinecke, M. (1992): Die mamlukishe Architecktur in Agypten und Syrien, 2 vols., Gluckstadt.
- Petersen, Andrew (2001). A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine: Volume I (British Academy Monographs in Archaeology). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780197270110.
- Petersen, A. (2008): Bridges in Medieval Palestine, in U. Vermeulen & K. Dhulster (eds.), History of Egypt & Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid & Mamluk Eras V, V. Peeters, Leuven