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2016 Summer Paralympics

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See also: 2016 Summer Olympics
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2016 Summer Paralympics

The 2016 Summer Paralympics (Brazilian Portuguese: Jogos Paralímpicos de Verão de 2016), the fifteenth Summer Paralympic Games, are an upcoming major international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee, to be held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 7 September to 18 September 2016, making them the first Summer Paralympics to be held during the host city's wintertime. This will mark the first time a Latin American and South American city hosts the event, the second Southern Hemisphere city and nation, the first one being the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, and also the first time a Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) country hosts the event.[4] These Games will see the introduction of two new sports to the Paralympic program: canoeing and the paratriathlon.

Bidding process

Main article: Bids for the 2016 Summer Olympics

As part of a formal agreement between the International Paralympic Committee and the International Olympic Committee first established in 2001, the winner of the bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics was also to host the 2016 Summer Paralympics.[5] Following the third and final round of voting at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen on 2 October 2009, the right to host the 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics were awarded to Rio de Janeiro.[6]

2016 Summer Olympics bidding results
City NOC Round 1 Round 2 Round 3
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil 26 46 66
Madrid  Spain 28 29 32
Tokyo  Japan 22 20 —
Chicago  United States 18 — —

Development and preparation

The 2007 Pan American Games and Parapan American Games in Rio de Janeiro marked the first time that the Pan Am Games and Parapan Am Games were hosted as parallel events in the same host city; Rio's organization of the two events helped provide the city with experience in hosting multi-sport events, and Paralympic sporting events. Andrew Parsons, president of the Brazilian Paralympic Committee, remarked that the organizing teams responsible for the Olympics and Paralympics were maintaining a good relationship and "speaking the same language" in relation to their organizational duties. Parsons praised how well-organized the 2012 Summer Paralympics were, and felt that his team had learned lessons from London that could be applied in Rio.[7]

Venues

Main article: Venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics
Map of Rio de Janeiro showing the competition venues for the 2016 Summer Olympics.

As in past years, the 2016 Summer Paralympics will share most of its venues with the Olympics.[7] Barra da Tijuca will host most of the venues of the Games; the rest will be located in Copacabana Beach, Maracanã and Deodoro; Barra da Tijuca will also house the Olympic Village.[8]

Barra cluster

Deodoro cluster

Maracanã cluster

Copacabana cluster

Financing

The budget of the 2016 Summer Paralympics has faced several rounds of cuts, although the Rio 2016 Organizing Committee has not provided specific details on the deficits.[9][10]

In mid-August 2016, it was reported that the Rio 2016 Organizing Committee had failed to timely deliver US$8 million in travel grants that were intended to be paid out at the end of July. Without these grants, National Paralympic Committees may have to cover a larger share of the cost of transporting their athletes to the Games, while some (particularly those in African and Asian regions) may not be able to afford sending their athletes to Rio at all.[11] On 15 August 2016, a spokesperson for the organizing committee credited the financial issues to the political climate making it harder to reach sponsorship deals, as well as ticket sales being below expectations. However, the spokesperson noted that the ongoing Olympics were helping to attract interest from potential sponsors. The ROC stated that it planned to deliver the money by the end of the month and that there was "no intention" to "compromise the Paralympic experience". Mayor of Rio Eduardo Paes offered to provide US$47 million in funding to the Games to address these shortcomings, but a federal court blocked the further provision of public funding to the ROC pending the inspection of its financial records.[10][11]

IPC president Philip Craven stated that "although the situation is pretty precarious, rumours that the Games may not go ahead or that sports may be cut are totally unfounded and not true. Our aim right now is to bring in additional funding and resources in order to deliver the Games at the service levels expected by all stakeholders, most importantly the athletes", and "if no more funding is available then the Organising Committee's additional cuts will start to impact on the services offered to the athletes who have dedicated years of their lives to reach and compete at these Games. This is the last thing that we want to do."[12]

On 19 August 2016, the IPC issued a report detailing the extent of the budget cuts and their effects on the Games; there will be reductions in transport services and the number of media centres for the Paralympics. Additionally, the wheelchair fencing events were moved from Youth Arena to Carioca Arena 3, and Deodoro Olympic Park wlll be "closed and dismantled" so that the remaining venues in the cluster can act as "three standalone venues with dedicated transport hubs."[13] Of these changes, Craven stated that "it's in our Paralympic DNA to see obstacles as an opportunity to do things differently and that's what we are doing here. We are problem solvers by nature and fight for what we believe in", and iterated that he was "fully confident Rio 2016 will be the best Games ever in terms of athletic performance."[14][15] Craven, however, also noted that there were still 10 countries that might not be able to afford the costs of travelling to Rio for the Paralympics, going on to say that "We want full participation here. We want all eligible countries to send their athletes to the Games. It's what the athletes deserve, and it is what the athletes want after years of training and dedication."[14] The injunction was lifted on 18 August 2016, resulting in Paes offering R$150 million in public money to fund the Games. R$100 million worth of sponsorship deals were also reached with the federal government via state-run enterprises.[13][14]

Torch relay

Main article: 2016 Summer Paralympics torch relay

The Paralympic torch relay will begin with five individual flames being relayed to a city in each of the five regions of Brazil. These flames, as well as a sixth flame lit in Stoke Mandeville, England, will be united to form a single Paralympic flame, which will be relayed through Rio on 6 and 7 September 2016 en route to its lighting at the Maracanã during the opening ceremony.[16]

Marketing

Emblem

File:Sculpture of the 2016 Summer Paralympics.jpg
Sculpture of the 2016 Summer Paralympics logo

The official emblem for the 2016 Summer Paralympics was designed by the Brazilian agency Tatíl Design, and unveiled on 26 November 2011 during the Christmas tree lighting at the Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas.[17][18][19]

The emblem incorporates a heart and the infinity symbol, representing a beating heart and the idea of an "infinite energy to overcome obstacles".[17] IPC president Phillip Craven explained that in his opinion, the emblem symbolized the "heart" of athletes, who were also the "heart" of the Paralympic movement.[19] As with the Olympic emblem, the Paralympic emblem was designed so that it could also be rendered in two- and three-dimensional versions,[20] such as a sculpture that was used during the unveiling.[17]

Mascot

Main article: Vinicius and Tom
File:Vinicius and Tom.png
Tom (right), the mascot of the 2016 Summer Paralympics, and Vinicius (left), the mascot of the 2016 Summer Olympics

The official mascots of the 2016 Summer Paralympics and Olympics were unveiled on 24 November 2014, with their respective names, Tom and Vinicius, chosen via a public vote whose results were announced on 14 December 2015. Named after Brazilian musician Tom Jobim, the Paralympic mascot represents Brazilian flora and "is always growing and overcoming obstacles." The mascots' fictional backstories state that they were both born from the joy of Brazilians after it was announced that Rio would host the Games. Brand director Beth Lula stated that the mascots are intended to reflect the diversity of Brazil's culture and people.[21][22][23]

The Games

Participating nations

The following National Paralympic Committees are scheduled to send athletes to the Games having earned qualifying places.

Participating National Paralympic Committees

Russian athletes were banned from competing after the IPC suspended the RPC in response to the country's doping scandal.[51][52] On 5 August 2016, the IPC announced that it would field a team of refugee athletes under the title of Independent Paralympic Athletes. The 2016 Summer Olympics similarly featured a team of 10 refugee athletes.[41]

Sports

Events in 23 sports are scheduled to be contested at the 2016 Summer Paralympics. Two new sports will also be added to the Paralympics in Rio; canoeing and the triathlon.[53]

Schedule

OC Opening ceremony ● Event competitions 1 Event finals CC Closing ceremony
September 7
Wed 		8
Thu 		9
Fri 		10
Sat 		11
Sun 		12
Mon 		13
Tues 		14
Wed 		15
Thu 		16
Fri 		17
Sat 		18
Sun 		Events
Ceremonies OC CC
Archery ● 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 9
Athletics 10 20 16 19 14 19 14 19 16 25 5 177
Boccia ● ● 3 ● ● ● 4 7
Paracanoe ● 6 6
Cycling (road) 8 8 8 9 33
Cycling (track) 4 5 5 3 17
Equestrian ● ● 1 2 2 6 11
Football 5-a-side ● ● ● ● 1 1
Football 7-a-side ● ● ● ● 1 1
Goalball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 2 2
Judo 4 4 5 13
Powerlifting 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 20
Rowing ● ● 4 4
Sailing ● ● ● ● ● 3 3
Shooting 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 12
Sitting volleyball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Swimming 16 16 14 15 16 15 15 14 16 15 152
Table tennis ● ● ● 5 8 8 ● ● 4 4 29
Paratriathlon 3 3 6
Wheelchair basketball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Wheelchair fencing 2 4 4 2 2 14
Wheelchair rugby ● ● ● ● 1 1
Wheelchair tennis ● ● ● ● 1 1 2 2 6
Total events 0 38 50 48 54 48 54 50 54 65 61 6 528
Cumulative total 0 38 88 136 190 238 292 342 396 461 522 528
September 7
Wed 		8
Thu 		9
Fri 		10
Sat 		11
Sun 		12
Mon 		13
Tues 		14
Wed 		15
Thu 		16
Fri 		17
Sat 		18
Sun 		Events

Broadcasting

On 24 August 2016, the IPC announced that Dailymotion would serve as the official online streaming partner for the 2016 Summer Paralympics, offering 15 English-language streaming channels with full broadcasts of athletics, cycling, football, judo, powerlifting, sitting volleyball, swimming, table tennis, wheelchair basketball, wheelchair fencing, wheelchair rugby and wheelchair tennis events, as well as the ceremonies, highlights from all events, news programmes, and other original content. In total, the IPC stated that around 72 hours of content would be streamed per-day.[54]

Television rights were also sold to individual countries: Grupo Globo acquired rights in Brazil, with coverage to be shown on Rede Globo and SporTV.[55] In the United Kingdom, Channel 4 will broadcast the event, promising 500 hours of coverage as a follow-up of its debut as rightsholder in London.[56][57] In Australia, Seven Network will hold broadcast rights to these Paralympics, complimenting a new long-term rights deal for the Olympics. Seven plans to broadcast 14 hours per-day of coverage on television. Coverage will primarily be broadcast by its digital channel 7Two and streamed through Seven's existing apps and a Paralympics-specific app.[58][59][60]

Following criticism of its minimal coverage of past Paralympics (in London, it broadcast only five-and-a-half hours of highlights), NBC acquired the rights to the 2014 and 2016 Paralympics in September 2013. NBC has planned more extensive coverage for both games, initially announcing that NBC and NBCSN would carry at least 66 hours of coverage from Rio.[61]

In Sweden, SVT will broadcast the games and has announced that it will broadcast over 300 hours from the games both on its TV channels and online.[62] Plus an evening show to cover the latest news from the games.[63]

See also

References

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  2. ^ a b c "Rio 2016 vende ingressos dos Jogos Paralímpicos para colégios e grupos". Globo.com. 20 August 2016.
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Preceded by Summer Paralympic Games
Rio de Janeiro
XV Paralympiad (2016) 		Succeeded by
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