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Bishop's University

Coordinates: 45°22′0.16″N 71°50′43.67″W / 45.3667111°N 71.8454639°W / 45.3667111; -71.8454639
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This article is about the university in Québec, Canada. For the separated secondary school nearby without any affiliation, see Bishop's College School.

45°22′0.16″N 71°50′43.67″W / 45.3667111°N 71.8454639°W / 45.3667111; -71.8454639

Bishop's University
Université Bishop's (French)
File:Bishop's University New CoA.png
MottoRecti cultus pectora roborant  (Latin)
Motto in English
Righteous ways makes strong the heart
Established1843[1]
AffiliationNon-denominational
EndowmentC$ 32.5 million[2]
ChancellorBrian Levitt
PrincipalMichael Goldbloom
Students2,867[1]
Undergraduates2,340 full-time students
219 part-time students[1]
Location
Sherbrooke
,
Quebec
,
Canada
CampusRural: 550 acres (220 ha)[1]
ColoursPurple and Silver    
NicknameBishop's Gaiters
AffiliationsAUCC, IAU, QSSF, CBIE, CUP.
MascotAlligator
Websitehttps://www.ubishops.ca

Bishop's University (Template:Lang-fr) is a small liberal arts university in Lennoxville, a borough of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.[3] It is one of three universities in the province of Quebec that teach primarily in English (the others being McGill University and Concordia University, both in Montreal). The university shares a campus with its neighbour, Champlain College Lennoxville, an English-language public college. It remains one of Canada's few primarily undergraduate universities, and is linked with three others in the Maple League. Established in 1843 as Bishop's College and affiliated with the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge in 1853, the school remained under the Anglican church's direction from its founding until 1947. Since that time, the university has been a non-denominational institution.[4] Bishop's University has graduated fifteen Rhodes Scholars. It is ranked number one in Canada for student satisfaction by Maclean's magazine.[5]

History

Bishop's University aerial view
Bishop's University McGreer Hall
Bishop's College School as the Grammar School, 1885 in Bishop's University

Bishop’s University can trace its roots back to 1836 when Bishop's College School, a “Grammar School in connection with the College,” was founded as the Lennoxville Classical School as an independent institute. The University section, Bishop's College was established by Bishop George Jehoshaphat Mountain (who also served as the first principal of McGill College) on December 9, 1843, in Lennoxville, Quebec, for the education of members of the Church of England and erected into a university in 1853.[6] The school was founded by Bishop Mountain, the third Anglican bishop of Quebec, as a liberal arts college.[7] In 1845, instruction began, and in 1854, the first degrees were granted.[7]

In 1845, the Reverend Jasper Hume Nicolls, a Fellow of Queen's College, Oxford was appointed first principal of Bishop's College. In 1853, he and Bishop Mountain obtained the Royal Charter through which the college became a university. He led Bishop's for 32 years, through several financial crises.

A faculty of medicine, known as Bishop's Medical Faculty, Montreal, was established in Montreal in 1871, and closed in 1905 when it amalgamated with McGill University.

A short-lived Faculty of Law was established in Sherbrooke in 1880, to close in 1888. It granted only fifteen degrees.

In 1922, Bishop's College School moved to its new campus on Moulton Hill from the Little Forks at BU as a severe fire happened in 1891. Yet, many connections are remained.

The Church of England controlled the university until 1947.[7] Since 1947, a corporation and appointed trustees have been responsible for its business affairs, and a senate has dealt with academic matters.[7] This bicameral model of governance was based on the 1906 provincial University of Toronto Act, which established a system dividing university government into a senate (faculty) to set academic policy, and a board of governors (citizens) to oversee financial policy and other matters.

The president, appointed by the board, was to perform institutional leadership and provide a link between the senate and the board of governors.[8] In the early part of the twentieth century, professional education expanded beyond the traditional fields of theology, law, and medicine, while graduate training based on the German-inspired American model of specialized course work and the completion of a research thesis was introduced.[8] The policy of university education initiated in the 1960s responded to population pressure and the belief that higher education was a key to social justice and economic productivity for individuals and for society.[4]

On December 9, 1993, a Sesquicentennial Convocation was held in Centennial Theatre. Governor General of Canada Ray Hnatyshyn presented the Coat of Arms and Flag and signed and presented the Letters Patent of Bishop's University.

In 2007, enrollment had shrunk by 14 percent and was "falling like a stone," Principal Michael Goldbloom told The Montreal Gazette after he was hired in 2008. Furthermore, campus morale was low after a 41-day strike by staff and a lock-out of faculty. The university had a $1.4 million operating deficit and was relying on a $9 million line of credit to remain solvent, prompting rumours that the university would close. By 2010, however, Bishop's rebounded as enrollment shot up by 20 percent after new leadership was hired and aggressive student recruitment efforts were instituted. The university's finances also improved significantly.[9]

Academic programs

Primarily undergraduate, Bishop's University also offers graduate courses and M.A. and M.Ed. degrees in education and M.Sc. in computer science and physics. Bishop's offers several programs from five academic divisions:

Bishop Williams Hall

Each division seeks to provide a well-rounded education for all its students. The average class size as of fall 2-17 was 34.7 in first- and second-year courses and 18.9 in upper-year courses.[10]

In 2004, Bishop's joined the Université de Sherbrooke in creating SIXtron, a joint spin-off of technology based in Montreal which is focused on developing highly scalable and cost-effective, amorphous silicon carbide (SiC)-based thin film coatings for the solar industry.[11]

In 2009, the Psychological Health and Well-Being Laboratory was founded as an initiative to produce and share knowledge regarding how to enhance the psychological health and well-being of individuals and the communities that they live in. The research cluster is headed by Dr. Heather Lawford.[12] It is one of four research clusters, the others examining Social and Cultural Identities; climate change; and astrophysics.

As of 2018, Bishop's has a total of 2,867 students.[1] The student body represents every Canadian province and territory along with 18 U.S. states and more than 50 countries.[1]

Williams School of Business

The Williams School of Business is the business school at Bishop's University. It is accredited under the Network of International Business Schools (NIBS) and claims multiple first place victories in international business case competitions.[13][14] It offers courses through a bachelor of business administration (BBA) or bachelor of arts (BA) major in business. A cooperative education program is also offered.[14] Approximately 22% of Bishop's University students are enrolled in the Williams School of Business.[1]

The Williams School of Business offers the following concentrations under the BBA:[14]

Campus

The Bishop's campus is located on 500 acres (200 ha) of land at the junction of the Saint Francis and Massawippi rivers in the Eastern Townships region of Quebec. The site of Bishop's College, a grassy knoll at the confluence of two rivers, provided a natural setting where architecture would be viewed as an integral but subsidiary part of the scenic vista.[15] Known as 'Oxford on the Massawippi' for its architectural style, the campus is significantly influenced by the Gothic Revival period and is home to some of Quebec's most historic buildings, including St. Mark's chapel.[16] Construction on campus began with "Old Arts" in 1846 and continues today with the University's most recent building, the Library Learning Commons, in 2017. The campus also provided the setting for the films Lost and Delirious (2001)[17] and The Covenant (2006).[18]

McGreer Hall

McGreer Hall

McGreer Hall is named in honour of Arthur Huffman McGreer (1883–1947), Principal from 1922 to 1947. The original hall was constructed in 1846; the Lodge was added in 1847 as a residence for the Principal. In 1876 the central block was gutted by fire. It was rebuilt, and enlarged in 1898 with the extension of the third floor and the addition of the central tower. In 1909 the Library wing was added.

Bishop Williams Hall

Bishop Williams Hall is a lecture and presentation hall originally built in 1891. Funds for its construction were raised by Bishop's College School (BCS) old boys, who wanted to mark the 25th anniversary of the consecration of Bishop James William Williams, a former headmaster of the college and 4th Anglican bishop of Québec. The hall was destroyed by fire later the same, and rebuilt in 1892.

Bandeen Hall

Bandeen Hall was originally used as a gymnasium for undergraduates and for the boys of Bishop's College School. In 1950 the room was converted into a dining-hall for the Norton-Pollack residence complex. After 1971 the room served as the undergraduate Pub, and for a time housed temporary studios for the Fine Arts departments of Champlain College and the University.

In 1990, funds raised by the Learning for Life campaign were used to convert the area into a concert hall; it was named for the late Robert A. Bandeen, a former Chancellor of the University, and his wife, Mona Blair Bandeen.

Centennial Theatre

Centennial Theatre opened as a performing arts centre in 1967, with a mandate to provide a theatrical and cultural platform for English-speaking residents in the Eastern Townships. The theatre combines the wide auditorium style of a Greek amphitheatre with an Italian stage house, with proscenium and flies. It has seating for 549.

Old Library and Archives

Old Library

This building was added to McGreer Hall in 1909, and served as the University Library. In the 1970s it was divided into two floors, the wooden ceiling covered by tiles, and became office space. The library wing was restored to its original design in time for the Sesquicentennial celebrations in 1993-1994.

The Old Library houses the collections of the University Archives and the Eastern Townships Research Centre, including books, genealogical information, documents, photographs, postcards, maps, plans, and audio-visual material.[19] The room also hosts lectures, receptions, special events, and quiet study.

John Bassett Memorial Library

The John Bassett Memorial Library provides study and research support for the students and faculty of both Bishop's University and Champlain College, Lennoxville Campus. The present building was built in 1959, and expanded in 1970, 1990, and 2017. The Library's holdings are over 598,000 items, including books, microforms, and audio-visual materials, as well as those of the approximately 19,550 periodical titles including online periodicals. Research and study are further supported by collections of Canadian Government documents, and Maps. In-house resources are augmented by an Inter-Library Loan network.

Bishop's University houses the Foreman Art Gallery, which exhibits contemporary and historical painting, sculpture, mixed media, installation, video and films by students, faculty, Canadian and international artists. Hung throughout the buildings on campus, the collection consists of 150 works, many by 19th- and 20th-century Canadian artists.[20]

Nicolls Building

Observatory of the university

The Nicolls Building is named in honour of the Reverend Jasper Hume Nicolls (1818–1877). An observatory is located on the roof of the Nicolls building. The observatory houses a Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope and is also open to the public.[21]

Old Lennoxville Golf Club

File:Bugolfsmall.jpg
Old Lennoxville Golf Club

The Bishop's campus uniquely features a golf course and club: The Old Lennoxville Golf Club. The club was founded by the University and was chartered by the Royal Canadian Golf Association in 1897. The course remains one of the oldest in Canada.[22]

St. Mark's Chapel

St. Mark's Chapel was built in the Perpendicular Gothic style, and was consecrated in 1857 by George Jehoshaphat Mountain. It was almost completely destroyed by fire in 1891, and rebuilt on the same site, and fitted with ash furniture, panelling and wood sculptures by the Sherbrooke cabinet-making firm of George Long and his assistant, Georges Bélanger. St. Mark's Chapel was declared Cultural Property by the Quebec Ministere des Affaires culturelles in 1989.

Student societies

Bishop's University has 1 Sorority, 1 Women's Fraternity, and 2 Fraternity.

Athletics

Canada's BU
Canada's BU

The Bishop's University teams are known as the Bishop's Gaiters and compete in the CIS. Although their logo and mascot suggest the term stems from the word alligator, "Gaiter" actually refers to a leg covering worn by Anglican bishops up until the middle of the 20th century. The Gaiters are represented by seven varsity teams (Football, Men's & Women's Basketball, Men's & Women's Rugby, Women's Soccer, and Golf) and four club teams (Men's Lacrosse, Women's Hockey, Men's Hockey, Men's Soccer). The Bishop's Gaiters have a long history with the university. The early days were marked by massive participation in team sports such as cricket and football. Rugby football began in 1888 and Canadian football was a budding varsity sport by the 1930s. The Gaiters football team's home stadium is Coulter Field which is also used as a practice facility by the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League.

In football, the Gaiters have made five appearances in CIS semifinal bowls, most recently the 1994 Churchill Bowl. In basketball, the Gaiters won women's national championships in 1982-83 and 1983–84 and the men's national championship in 1997-98. For both genders, the Gaiters are the last Quebec-based school to win a national championship.

As of March 2019, there are three former Bishop's football players in the CFL: Adrian Clarke,[23] Stephen Adekolu,[24] and Junior Turner.[25]

School song

File:Bu vs univ of alta 163.jpg
BU Basketball

At both home and away athletic competitions, BU students can be heard singing their school fight song or alma mater. Bishop's official school song, "Alma Mater," was written in 1937 and continues to be a favorite. In 1964, however, the lyrics "Drink a toast to Bishop's University" were written by John Piper, Douglas Tees, Ace Henderson and John Martland as part of the musical comedy, "The Grate Escape," performed by the Bishop's choir. The tune stuck and has become the beloved unofficial song of the university. In practice however, the second line of the second verse is changed to a more vulgar and humorous version.[26]

Raise a toast to Bishop's University

On the mighty Massiwippi shore!
We're conditioned to our fate,
We will never graduate,
We will stay here forever more!

College days will linger ever in our hearts,
Wearing gowns, raising hell and quaffing ale!
And we'll show esprit de corps
As we watch the Gaiters roar
On to victory!

So raise your beer mugs,
And your little brown jugs
To Bishop's University!

Charities

Bishop's University campus 2011 03

Bishop's University was registered as a charitable organization in Canada on 1967-01-01. The primary areas in which the charity is now carrying on programs to achieve its charitable purposes, ranked according to the percentage of time and resources devoted to each program area follow:

  • Universities and colleges 95%
  • Research (scientific, medical, environmental, etc.) 3%
  • Cultural programs, including heritage languages 1%

The charity carried on charitable programs to further its charitable purpose(s) (as defined in its governing documents) this fiscal period:

  • University education & research.
  • financial aid (scholarships & bursaries) to Bishop's University students
  • cultural programs and community outreach.[27]

Bishop's University Foundation 118810787RR0001 was registered as a charitable organization in Canada on 1971-05-11. The primary areas in which the charity is now carrying on programs to achieve its charitable purposes, ranked according to the percentage of time and resources devoted to each program area follow:

  • Universities and colleges 100%

The charity carried on charitable programs to further its charitable purpose(s) (as defined in its governing documents) this fiscal period:

  • assist Bishop's University in its educational, athletic, scholarship and research programs.[27]

Legacy

On 28 January 2003, Canada Post issued the Bishop's University, 1853-2003 stamp as part of its Canadian Universities series. Based on a photograph by Guy Lavigueur and designed by Denis L'Allier, the 48¢ stamps are perforated 13.5 and printed by the Canadian Bank Note Company.[28]

Chancellors of Bishop's University

Principals of Bishop's University

Notable former students and alumni

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "BU at a glance". Bishop's University. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  2. ^ "Bishop's University School Facilities". Peterson's. Archived from the original on 2017-04-21. Retrieved 2011-10-26.
  3. ^ Research Collections in Canadian Libraries. National Library of Canada; 1972. p. 3.
  4. ^ a b "Bishop's University". The Canadian Encyclopedia Archived August 21, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Ottaway, Charlotte (October 11, 2017). "Canada's Top School by Student Satisfaction 2018: Bishop's University". Maclean's. Archived from the original on 2017-10-11.
  6. ^ The Project Gutenberg EBook #6466 of 'The Intellectual Development of the Canadian People, A Historical Review' by John George Bourinot, House of Commons, Ottawa, February 17th, 1881
  7. ^ a b c d "Bishop's University". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on July 5, 2004.
  8. ^ a b "University". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on 2009-08-21.
  9. ^ Bishop's rows back from the brink - Montreal Gazette September 8, 2010 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B6sfQUsgu1x_OTZkZDI5MDUtZTAxZS00MTE2LTk0ZWMtZDkzMjA4YmVjNGJj/view?usp=sharing
  10. ^ "Bishop's University". Maclean's. 2017. Archived from the original on 2015-11-11.
  11. ^ "Historical timeline: 2004–2005". Bishop's University. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  12. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-09-20. Retrieved 2017-08-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. ^ "Member Schools". Network of International Business Schools (NIBS). 2011. Archived from the original on 11 December 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  14. ^ a b c "Williams School of Business". Bishop's University. 2011. Archived from the original on 1 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  15. ^ Anna M. Grant, A Portrait of Bishop's University (Lennoxville: Bishop's University, 1994), p.14
  16. ^ MacLeans 2009 Guide to Canadian Universities, p.82.
  17. ^ Lost and Delirious (2001) - Filming locations
  18. ^ The Covenant (2006) - Filming locations
  19. ^ Eastern Townships Research Centre
  20. ^ Foreman Art Gallery
  21. ^ "BU Observatory". Physics.ubishops.ca. 2006-10-28. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
  22. ^ "Club de Golf Lennoxville — History". Ubishops.ca. Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
  23. ^ "Adrian Clarke". Saskatchewan Roughriders. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  24. ^ "Stephen Adekolu". Montreal Alouettes. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  25. ^ "Junior Turner". Calgary Stampeders. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
  26. ^ "Raise a Toast!". Bishop's University. Archived from the original on April 13, 2010.
  27. ^ a b http://www.cra-arc.gc.ca/chrts-gvng/lstngs/menu-eng.html Canada Revenue Agency Charities listing
  28. ^ "Canada Post 'Bishop's University, 1853-2003'". Archived from the original on 2015-10-18. Retrieved 2019-06-10.

Further reading

  • Grant, Anna M. (ed.) (1993). A Portrait of Bishop's University: 1843-1993. Lennoxville: Bishop's University.
  • Masters, Donald C. (1950). Bishop's University: The First Hundred Years. Toronto: Clarke, Irwin.
  • Milner, Elizabeth H. (1985). Bishop's Medical Faculty, 1871–1905. Sherbrooke: Rene Prince.
  • Nicholl, Christopher (1994). Bishop's University, 1843–1970. Montreal: McGill-Queen's. ISBN 9780773564664.
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