List of fire temples in Iran
Appearance
A fire temple, Agiary, Atashkadeh (Template:Lang-fa), Atashgah (آتشگاه) or Dar-e Mehr (در مهر) is the place of worship for the followers of Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Iran (Persia).[1][2][3] In the Zoroastrian religion, fire (see atar), together with clean water (see aban), are agents of ritual purity. Clean, white "ash for the purification ceremonies [is] regarded as the basis of ritual life", which "are essentially the rites proper to the tending of a domestic fire, for the temple [fire] is that of the hearth fire raised to a new solemnity".[4] For, one "who sacrifices unto fire with fuel in his hand ..., is given happiness".[5]
List of Fire temples in Iran
Name | Location | Picture | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Fire Temple of Amol | Amol | The Fire Temple of Amol, also known as Atashkadeh Amol or Amol Atash Kadeh or Shams Tabarsi Amuli, is a temple in Amol, Mazandaran, Iran. It related to the period Sassanid (226- 651 CE) antiquity building. This building has been damaged over time.[6][7] Muhammad ibn Mahmud Amuli is said to be buried in this place.[8] | |
Fire Temple of Bahram | Rey | Fire Temple of Bahram or the Fire Temple of Rey is one of the historical religious places in Rey, Iran which has stood since the Sasanian Empire. It is named after Bahram V.[9] | |
Fire Temple of Isfahan | Isfahan | One part of the complex, on the southern flank of the hill, are the remains of a citadel of about twenty buildings (or rooms within buildings), many of which—particularly those in the lower half of cluster—are however only evident as foundation traces. Several buildings in the cluster have a classic chartaq "four arch" floor-plan, characteristic of Zoroastrian fire-temples of the 3rd century onwards and that are the actual atashgahs that housed sacred fires. Other buildings include what may have been storage rooms and living quarters for priests and affluent pilgrims. A tentative identification of the purpose of the ruins was first made in 1937 by Andre Godard,[10][11] but it was not until 1960, when architect Maxine Siroux made the first drawings, that the site could be properly studied. Godard's identifications were subsequently confirmed by Klaus Schippman in 1971.[12] | |
Fire Temple of Kashmar | Kashmar | Fire Temple of Kashmar was the first Zoroastrian fire temple built by Vishtaspa at the request of Zoroaster in Kashmar. In a part of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, the story of finding Zarathustra and accepting Vishtaspa's religion is regulated that after accepting Zoroastrian religion, Vishtaspa sends priests all over the universe And Azar enters the fire temples (domes) and the first of them is Adur Burzen-Mihr who founded in Kashmar and planted a cypress tree in front of the fire temple and made it a symbol of accepting the Bahi religion And he sent priests all over the world, and commanded all the famous men and women to come to that place of worship.[13] According to the Paikuli inscription, during the Sasanian Empire, Kashmar was part of Greater Khorasan, and the Sasanians worked hard to revive the ancient religion. It still remains a few kilometers above the ancient city of Kashmar in the castle complex of Atashgah.[14] | |
Fire Temple of Kazerun | Kazerun | Fire Temple of Kazerun was a Fire temple in Kazerun, Fars Province, Iran. | |
Fire Temple of Yazd | Yazd | According to an inscription plaque fixed on the shrine, the construction of the Yazd Atash Behram temple is dated to 1934. The funds for building it were provided by the Association of the Parsi Zoroastrians of India. Construction was done under the guidance of Jamshid Amanat. The sacred fire of the temple is stated to have been burning since about 470 AD;[15] originally started by the Sassanian Shah when it was in the Pars Karyan fire temple in southern Pars district of Larestan.[16] From there it was transferred to Aqda where it was kept for 700 years. The fire was then moved in 1173 to Nahid-e Pars temple in nearby Ardakan, where it remained for 300 years until it was moved again to the house of a high priest in Yazd, and was finally consecrated in the new temple in 1934.[15][17] | |
Noushijan | Malayer | Noushijan is an Archaeological site in the west of Iran near Malayer. According to excavations from this site this area was not inhabited earlier than 800 B.C.. The discovered features of this Tappe are as follows: | |
Tarikhaneh | Damghan | This temple was in the pre-Islamic place of worship of the Zoroastrian and used it as a fire or temple of fire, and is about 2,300 years old. This structure was initially used as a Zoroastrian Fire Temple during the Sassanid period, however, after the fall of the Sassanid Empire it was converted into a mosque in the 8th century. The monument is, thus, known as the oldest mosque in Iran.[19] |
References
- ^ Boyce 1975.
- ^ Boyce, Mary (1993), "Dar-e Mehr", Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 6, Costa Mesa: Mazda Pub, pp. 669–670
- ^ Kotwal, Firoz M. (1974), "Some Observations on the History of the Parsi Dar-i Mihrs", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 37 (3): 665, doi:10.1017/S0041977X00127557
- ^ Boyce 1975, p. 455.
- ^ Yasna 62.1; Nyashes 5.7
- ^ Toiran, tourism platform in Iran - Amol fire temple
- ^ 100 Places to see in Iran
- ^ Learn-persian, Mahmud Amuli
- ^ Irna website
- ^ Godard, André (1937), "L'Āteshkāh d'Isfāhan", Athār-é Īrān: Annales du Service Archéologique de l'Īrān, 2 (1): 164–165.
- ^ Godard, André (1937), "Les monuments du feu", Athār-é Īrān: Annales du Service Archéologique de l'Īrān, 3 (1): 7–80, pp. 60-62.
- ^ Schippmann, Klaus (1971), Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, Berlin-New York: de Gruyter, pp. 460–465.
- ^ کزازی، نامه باستان؛ ویرایش و گزارش شاهنامه فردوسی، ۶: ۴٧-۴۸.
- ^ "ترشیز؛ دروازه ورود اسلام به خراسان". khorasan.iqna.ir. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ a b Eduljee, K. E. "Yazd". Heritage Institute. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
- ^ Rogerson 2013, p. 140.
- ^ Eduljee, K. E. "Zoroastrian Places of Worship". Heritage Institute. Retrieved 13 April 2015.
- ^ Ali Akbar Sarfaraz & Bahman Firouzmandi (2007). Hosseyn Mohseni & Mohammad Jafar Sarvghadi (ed.). Maad, Hakhāmaneshi, Ashkāni, Sāsāni (Medes, Achaemenid, Parthian, Sasanian) (in Persian). Marlik. pp. 38–43. ISBN 964-6130-76-3.
- ^ Rezaian (رضاییان), Farzin (فرزین) (2007). The Seven Auspicious Faces of Iran (هفت رخ فرخ ایران). Green Circle (انتشارات دایره سبز). p. 126.
- Boyce, Mary (1975), The History of Zoroastrianism, vol. 1, Leiden: Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-10474-7, (repr. 1996)