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Betairidovirinae

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Betairidovirinae
A blue woodlouse infected with Invertebrate iridescent virus 31
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Varidnaviria
Kingdom: Bamfordvirae
Phylum: Nucleocytoviricota
Class: Megaviricetes
Order: Pimascovirales
Family: Iridoviridae
Subfamily: Betairidovirinae
Genera

See text

Betairidovirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the family Iridoviridae. It is one of two subfamilies within this family, the other being Alphairdovirinae.[1] All species within the Betairidovirinae are hosted by invertebrates, whereas all species within the Alphairdovirinae are hosted by 'cold-blooded' vertebrates (namely; fishes, amphibians, and reptiles). As such, viruses in this subfamily may be called invertebrate iridescent viruses (IIVs) or invertebrate iridoviruses.[2]

Genera

The genus consists of the following three genera,[1] although there are many additional putative and partially characterised species.[2]

Hosts

The Betairidovirinae are exclusively hosted by invertebrates. Most hosts are arthropods, especially insects and woodlice, but other arthropods and even several non-arthropod hosts are known. Some viruses are hosted by a single host species; others are generalists that can infect multiple species.[2]

Disease

Some species within this subfamily cause no externally obvious disease. Others cause a generalised reduction in fitness. Invertebrate iridoviral diseases are most noted for some species that cause iridesence in their hosts. This is because icosahedral virions may accumulate in high density in the tissues of the host, forming a paracrystalline array that reflects particular wavelengths of light. Iridescent blue is most common, but colours across the colour spectrum have been observed. It has been noted that most species with smaller virions produce colours towards the violet-side of the colour spectrum, whereas larger virions tend towards the red-side.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b "Taxonomy". talk.ictvonline.org. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  2. ^ a b c d Williams, Trevor (2008). "Natural invertebrate hosts of iridoviruses (Iridoviridae)". Neotropical Entomology. 37 (6): 615–632. doi:10.1590/s1519-566x2008000600001. ISSN 1519-566X. PMID 19169548.
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