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1807 United States Supreme Court case
Ex parte Bollman United States Supreme Court . Bollman held that the constitutional definition of treason excluded mere conspiracy to levy war against the United States.[ 1]
Erick Bollman and Samuel Swartwout were civilians who became implicated in the Burr-Wilkinson Plot . This plot supposedly consisted of Aaron Burr and James Wilkinson attempting to create an empire in the United States, ruled by Burr. In 1806, Wilkinson informed Thomas Jefferson of the plot, ending whatever may have actually been planned. Bollman and Swartwout attempted to recruit others into the plot, but these individuals informed the military, which promptly arrested them.
The Supreme Court decided that "To constitute a levying of war, there must be an assemblage of persons for the purpose of effecting by force a treasonable purpose. Enlistments of men to serve against government is not sufficient."[ 1] : 132
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