Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria
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| Infanta Alicia | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duchess of Calabria | |||||
| Born | 13 November 1917 Vienna, Austria-Hungary | ||||
| Died | 28 March 2017 (aged 99)[1][2] Madrid, Spain | ||||
| Burial | Royal Pantheon of Glashütten, Mönichkirchen[3] | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue |
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| House | Bourbon-Parma | ||||
| Father | Elias, Duke of Parma | ||||
| Mother | Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | ||||
Infanta Alicia of Spain, Duchess of Calabria[4] (née: Princess Alicia Maria Teresa Francesca Luisa Pia Anna Valeria of Bourbon-Parma; 13 November 1917 – 28 March 2017)[4] was a daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria.[4] Alicia was Duchess of Calabria through her marriage to Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria (1901–1964).[4] She bore the title of Infanta of Spain from 1936,[5] and took part in some of the activities that the Spanish Royal Family organises. Through marriage, she was maternal half-aunt of Juan Carlos I of Spain.[6] She was the longest-lived Infanta of Spain.[7]
Life
She was born born on November 13, 1917 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary.[4] She was the daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. She was paternal first cousin of Boris III of Bulgaria, and paternal half-first cousin of Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Otto, Crown Prince of Austria and Queen Anne of Romania.[8] At the age of 5, Alicia to accompany her father to hunting in the family estates of Austria,vshe received her first hunting trophy, the Glasshatte, at the age of 12.
At the age of 18, she left the College of the Sacred Heart in Vienna to marry with the Infante Alfonso de Borbón, who had been heir to the Spanish Crown in 1904 until the first son of Alfonso XIII was born. She could have become Queen of Spain if her uncle, Alfonso XIII, had not had children. The marriage settled first in Prépinson, south of Paris, and then in Lausanne, where their three children were born.[9] She received the title of Infanta of Spain by her marriage. In 1941, the couple settled in Spain and acquired the “La Toledana” farm in Ciudad Real. In the 50s and 60s, the couple turned "La Toledana" into a meeting point for high society and European royalty. She was a pigeon shooting champion and was the only woman who hunted all the larger fauna in Spain.[10] She founded the Flor de Lis company, which introduced canine species in Spain, such as the Teckel or the Deutsch Drathaar, whose breeding brought them succulent benefits.[7]
After Alfonso XIII's death in 1964, Alicia also became the stubborn advocate of her son's claims to the titles of "Duke of Calabria" and "Head of the royal house of the Two Sicilies".[11][12] Despite not filing any claims about her "rights", she was considered by some to be the lawful queen of Navarre.[13]
She died on 28 March 2017 in Madrid, Spain, at the age of 99. King Felipe VI ordered the royal guard to watch over his coffin, covered with the Spanish banner. As Infanta of Spain, she had the right to be buried in the Pantheon of Infants of the Monastery of El Escorial. However, according to ABC newspaper, she received a holy burial in the pantheon of the Bourbon-Parma family in Austria.[10] King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia of Spain, and former King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía of Spain have attended her funeral in memory.[14][15]
Marriage and issue
Alicia married Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria (30 November 1901 – 3 February 1964), her second cousin and the eldest child and son of Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and his wife Mercedes, Princess of Asturias, on 16 April 1936 in Vienna, Austria.[4] Alicia and Alfonso had three children:[4] seventeen grandchildren and thirty-eight great-grandchildren:
- Princess Teresa of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duchess of Salerno (6 February 1937) she married Iñigo Moreno y Arteaga, 12th Marquess of Laula on 16 April 1961. They have seven children.[16]
- Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria (16 January 1938 – 5 October 2015) he married Princess Anne of Orléans on 11 May 1965. They have five children.[17]
- Princess Inés of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duchess of Syracuse (18 February 1940) she married Don Luis de Morales y Aguado on 21 January 1965. They have five children.[18]
Genealogy
Alicia was the heir general of the kings of Navarre.[19][failed verification]
Titles, styles, honours and arms
- 1917–1936: Her Royal Highness Princess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma
- 1936–1960: Her Royal Highness Infanta Alicia of Spain, Princess of Bourbon-Parma
- 1960–1964: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Calabria
- 1964–2017: Her Royal Highness The Dowager Duchess of Calabria, Infanta of Spain
Honours
Spain : 1190th Dame of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa – 
[20]- Dame Grand Cross of Justice of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (1960). –
[21]
_-_ribbon_bar.png){kind=small}
Arms
- Heraldry of Infanta Alicia
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Coat of arms used as Spanish Infanta
(1936–1960) -
Coat of arms used as Duchess of Calabria
(1960–1964) -
Coat of arms used as Dowager Duchess
(1964–2017)
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Ancestry
| Ancestors of Infanta Alicia, Duchess of Calabria | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- ^ Vanitatis
- ^ http://www.abc.es/espana/casa-real/abci-fallece-infanta-dona-alicia-borbon-parma-juan-carlos-99-anos-edad-201703281458_noticia.html
- ^ "Casa Real de Navarra". Archived from the original on 2017-04-01. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
- ^ a b c d e f g Darryl Lundy (10 May 2003). "Alice Maria di Borbone, Principessa di Parma". ThePeerage.com. Retrieved 2008-10-02.
- ^ "Genealogy of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Real Casa de Borbón de las Dos Sicilias website". Borbone-due-sicilie.org. Archived from the original on 2008-07-05. Retrieved 2012-05-18.
- ^ Casa Real
- ^ a b "Alicia de Borbón, la infanta más longeva que pudo ser reina de España". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 30 October 2015.
- ^ "Alicia de Borbón, la Infanta más longeva y desconocida cumple 98 años". abc (in Spanish). 8 November 2015.
- ^ "Llanto por una Infanta de España". abc (in Spanish). 29 March 2017.
- ^ a b "Muere Alicia de Borbón, la mujer que pudo reinar en España". Vanity Fair (in Spanish). 28 March 2017.
- ^ "Décès de l'infante Alice, la doyenne du gotha". Point de Vue (in French). 25 April 2017.
- ^ "La Infanta Doña Alicia, ni olvidada ni en una residencia". La Razón (in Spanish). 31 October 2015.
- ^ "Dossier con las normas de sucesión del Reino de Navarra y árbol genealógico comentado con motivo del 98º aniversario del nacimiento de la reina titular" (PDF). Casa Real de Navarra. 13 November 2015.
- ^ "Los cuatro Reyes asisten al funeral de Alicia de Borbón-Parma al que también ha acudido la infanta Cristina". HOLA (in Spanish). 11 May 2017.
- ^ "Fallece la Infanta Doña Alicia de Borbón-Parma, tía de Don Juan Carlos, a los 99 años de edad". abc (in Spanish). 28 March 2017.
- ^ [1] Princess Teresa de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, Duchess of Salerno
- ^ [2] Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria
- ^ [3] Princess Inés de Borbón-Dos Sicilias, Duchess of Siracusa
- ^ "Real casa de Borbón de las Dos Sicilias". Borbone-due-sicilie.org. Retrieved 2012-05-18.
- ^ Geneall
- ^ Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (2008). "Membership of the Constantinian Order". Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2008-10-13.