1977 in video games
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1977 has several new titles such as Space Wars.
Highest-grossing arcade games
Japan
In Japan, the following titles were the highest-grossing arcade games of 1977, according to the second annual Game Machine chart. Both arcade video games and electro-mechanical games (EM games) are listed on the same arcade chart. Namco's EM racing game F-1 was the highest-grossing overall arcade game for the second year in a row, followed by Taito's racing video game Speed Race DX (its predecessor Speed Race was distributed as Wheels by Midway Manufacturing in North America).[1][2]
| Arcade video games | Arcade electro-mechanical games (EM games) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Title | #1 | #2 | #3 | Points | Rank | Title | #1 | #2 | #3 | Points |
| 1 | Speed Race DX | 8 | 5 | 8 | 42 | 1 | F-1 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 53 |
| 2 | Breakout | 3 | 6 | 4 | 25 | 2 | Mogura Taiji (Whac-A-Mole) | 5 | 1 | 3 | 20 |
| 3 | Scratch | 2 | 5 | 3 | 19 | 3 | Shoot Away | 4 | 3 | 0 | 18 |
| 4 | Circus | 0 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 4 | Flipper (Pinball)[a] | 3 | 0 | 3 | 12 |
| 5 | Road Champion | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 5 | F-1 Mach | 0 | 5 | 0 | 10 |
| 6 | Superbowl | 1 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 6 | Shooting Trainer | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 |
| 7 | Sprint 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | Laser Clay | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Super High-Way | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 8 | Block Cut[b] | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | |
| 9 | Gran Trak 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 9 | Dead Line | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Man T.T. | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 10 | Heli-Shooter | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
| Group Skill Diga | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | |||||||
| Super Speed Race | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | Hop Step Jump[c] | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | ||
Note: Medal games are listed on a separate chart, with Nintendo's video/EM game EVR Race being the highest-grossing medal game for the second year in a row.[1][2]
United States
In the United States, Play Meter magazine began publishing annual lists of top-grossing arcade games in 1977. The following titles were the top ten highest-earning arcade video games of the year on the annual Play Meter and RePlay charts.
| Rank | Play Meter[3] | RePlay[4] |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sea Wolf | Sea Wolf |
| 2 | Sprint 2 | Sprint 2 |
| 3 | Breakout | Breakout |
| 4 | LeMans | Drag Race |
| 5 | Gun Fight (Western Gun) | Starship 1 |
| 6 | Night Driver | Double Play |
| 7 | Death Race | Night Driver |
| 8 | Tornado Baseball (Ball Park) | Bazooka |
| 9 | Datsun 280 ZZZAP | Robot Bowl |
| 10 | Blockade | Datsun 280 ZZZAP |
| Indy 4 |
Events
- Agnes Kim opens the first Electronics Boutique, a kiosk at the King of Prussia mall in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania selling transistor radios and calculators.[5]
- Atari opens the first Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theater (later Chuck E. Cheese's), a combination video arcade/pizzeria conceived by Atari co-founder Nolan Bushnell. In June, Bushnell purchases the rights to Pizza Time Theater back from Atari for $500,000 USD.[6]
- Nakamura Manufacturing Ltd. formally changes its name to Namco (which it has employed as a brand name since 1971), and establishes Namco Enterprises Asia Ltd. in Hong Kong, its first subsidiary based outside Japan.[7]
Notable releases
Video game consoles
- In January, RCA Corporation releases the Studio II video game console.[8]
- In September, Atari releases the Atari Video Computer System (later known as the VCS or Atari 2600) video game console alongside nine launch titles in the USA.[9]
- Coleco releases a number of new models of the Telstar series: the Telstar Alpha, the Telstar Colormatic, the Telstar Regent, the Telstar Ranger, the Telstar Galaxy, and the Telstar Combat. Most of these systems feature only minor variations on the original Telstar model, such as new controller types (for example, the Ranger featured a light gun, while the Galaxy included joysticks).[10]
- Groupe SEB releases the Telescore 750 dedicated home video game console.[11][12][13]
- Nintendo releases the Color TV Game 6 dedicated home video game console, featuring six variations of Light Tennis (a Pong clone). Nintendo's partner, Mitsubishi, produces most of the system's hardware components.[14]
- Philico releases the Telejogo dedicated home video game console, featuring three pre-installed games.
- Bally releases the Bally Home Library Computer (Astrocade) home video game console through mail order retailer JS&A National Sales Group. Delays in production of the system, however, mean that none of the units will actually ship until the following year.[15]
Home computers
- June 10 – Apple Computer releases the Apple II.
- August 3 – Tandy releases the TRS-80 Model I.
- October – Commodore releases the Commodore PET.
- Intelligent Systems releases the Compucolor II.
Games
- Cinematronics releases Larry Rosenthal's Space Wars, the first vector graphics arcade game.[16]
- Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels, and Dave Lebling, the future founders of Infocom, develop the first version of Zork on a PDP-10 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Computer Science.[17]
- While studying for a Ph.D. at the University of Virginia, Kelton Flinn begins developing a text-based aerial combat game called Air, an early precursor to 1987's Air Warrior, the first massively multiplayer online game.[18]
References
- ^ a b "結果ベスト3" [Best 3 Results] (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 90. Amusement Press, Inc. February 15, 1978. pp. 2–3.
- ^ a b "調査対象5年間のベスト1" [Best 1 of the 5 Years Surveyed] (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 159. Amusement Press, Inc. February 15, 1981. p. 1.
- ^ "Top Arcade Games". Play Meter. November 1977.
- ^ "Profit Chart". RePlay. November 1977.
- ^ Fischer, John (2002). "Famous Philadelphians – Nine Richest Philadelphians". About.com – Greater Philadelphia / South Jersey. Archived from the original on March 29, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ Thomas, Donald A. Jr (2005). "–1977–". ICWhen.com. Archived from the original on March 12, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ "Namco History (English summary)". NAMCO WonderPage. 2001. Archived from the original on January 10, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ Miller, Michael (2005). "A History of Home Video Game Consoles > First Generation: 1972–1977". InformIT. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ "Atari 2600 History". AtariAge. 2006. Archived from the original on February 19, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ Goldberg, Martin (2003). "Museum of Home Video Gaming". Archived from the original on February 11, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ "OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum". www.old-computers.com. Archived from the original on November 30, 2003. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
- ^ "Seb - Telescore (mod.750)". www.system-cfg.com. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
- ^ "Serious Game Classification : Seb Telescore 750 / 751 / 752 (1977)". serious.gameclassification.com. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
- ^ "Color TV Game 6". NinDB. Archived from the original on August 17, 2009. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ Squire, Lance F. (2005). "The Bally/Astrocade FAQ version h2.8". Lance F. Squire Homepage. Archived from the original on February 7, 2006. Retrieved February 19, 2006.
- ^ Hunter, William (2005). "Player 2 Stage 1: The Coin Eaters". The Dot Eaters. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ "History of Infocom". Infocom – The Master Storytellers. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
- ^ Koster, Raph (2002). "Online World Timeline". Raph Koster's Website. Archived from the original on February 14, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2006.
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