Betairidovirinae
| Betairidovirinae | |
|---|---|
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| A blue woodlouse infected with Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 | |
Virus classification 
| |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Varidnaviria |
| Kingdom: | Bamfordvirae |
| Phylum: | Nucleocytoviricota |
| Class: | Megaviricetes |
| Order: | Pimascovirales |
| Family: | Iridoviridae |
| Subfamily: | Betairidovirinae |
| Genera | |
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See text | |
Betairidovirinae is a subfamily of viruses in the family Iridoviridae that was established in 2016. It is one of two subfamilies within this family, the other being Alphairdovirinae.[1] All species within the Betairidovirinae are hosted by invertebrates, whereas all species within the Alphairdovirinae are hosted by 'cold-blooded' vertebrates (namely; fishes, amphibians, and reptiles). As such, viruses in this subfamily may be called invertebrate iridescent viruses (IIVs) or invertebrate iridoviruses.[2]
Genera
The genus consists of the following three genera,[1] although there are many additional putative and partially characterised species.[2]
Hosts
The Betairidovirinae are hosted by invertebrates, but some research indicates they may hosted by vertebrates,[3] and that at least one invertebrate-hosted iridovirus is actually more closely related to the Alphairdovirinae. Most Betairidovirinae hosts are arthropods, especially insects and woodlice, but other arthropods and even several non-arthropod hosts are known. Some viruses are hosted by a single host species; others are generalists that can infect multiple species.[2]
Disease
Some species within this subfamily cause no externally obvious disease. Others cause a generalised reduction in fitness. Invertebrate iridoviral diseases are most noted for some species that cause iridesence in their hosts. This is because icosahedral virions may accumulate in high density in the tissues of the host, forming a paracrystalline array that reflects particular wavelengths of light. Iridescent blue is most common, but colours across the colour spectrum have been observed. It has been noted that most species with smaller virions produce colours towards the violet-side of the colour spectrum, whereas larger virions tend towards the red-side.[2][4]
References
- ^ a b "Taxonomy". talk.ictvonline.org. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
- ^ a b c d Williams, Trevor (2008). "Natural invertebrate hosts of iridoviruses (Iridoviridae)". Neotropical Entomology. 37 (6): 615–632. doi:10.1590/s1519-566x2008000600001. ISSN 1519-566X. PMID 19169548.
- ^ Stöhr, Anke C.; Papp, Tibor; Marschang, Rachel E. (2016-03-01). "Repeated Detection of an Invertebrate Iridovirus in Amphibians". Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery. 26 (1–2): 54–58. doi:10.5818/1529-9651-26.1-2.54. ISSN 1529-9651.
- ^ Douch JK, Poupa AM (15 May 2021). "Citizen science data opens multiple avenues for iridovirus research and prompts first detection of Invertebrate iridescent virus 31 in Australia". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2021.107619.
External links
- iNaturalist – Betairidovirinae