Qian Lingxi

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Qian Lingxi (simplified Chinese: 钱令希; English：Tsien Ling-hi) (16 July 1916 – 20 April 2009) was a Chinese scientist and educator of engineering mechanics and computational mechanics.

Biography A native of Hongsheng, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China. His father is Qian Bogui and his brother is Qian Linzhao (1906-1999), a famous Physics. Prof. Qian obtained his bachelor’s degree in civil engineering from Institie Technique Franc-Chinois (the present Shanghai University of Technology) in 1936. On the same year, he was selected as a Boxer Indemnity student go to Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. He received the degree of Ingenieur de construction civil avec grande distinction from the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium in 1938. In autumn of 1938, he returned to China. Prof. Qian had been a professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at both Yunnan University and Zhejiang University. From 1952 till 2009, he had been working in Dalian University of Technology (the previous Dalian Institute of Technology, taking up position of professor, Vice–President and President. He was select Member of the Chinese Academy of Science in 1955.

Prof. Qian devoted himself to the thorough research of engineering structural mechanics. He made important contributions in variation principles to limit analysis, computational mechanics and structural optimization. He has been exert in his endeavors to serve engineering and carrying forward the scientific and technical progress in different fields such as bridge, dam, harbor, ship, submarine, and mechanical engineering.

Prof. Qian published two textbooks on structural mechanics in 1951. They were widely adopted by Chinese universities and this significantly enhanced his reputation throughout the Chinese civil engineering community. In 1950, he published a paper entitled <Theory of Complimentary Energy> in the top Chinese Journal <Science in China>, which was widely credited with “starting a tidal wave of research on the variational principle in China”. This led his student Mr. H. C. Hu (later Professor Hu) to derive and publish in 1954 the elasticity variational theory with three independent variables, i.e. the well-known Hu-Washizu theory. During the early 1960s, Prof. Qian and his research assistant, Mr. W. X. Zhong, published two papers in <Science in China> and <Acta Mechanica Sinica> on the general variational theory of limit analysis and plasticity. Their research achievements on the stability of combined cone-cylinder shells were successfully used in the design of submarines and their work was recognized by the award of prestigious national prizes. Over the next decade, Qian designed and guided the construction of the principal part of the first modern Chinese petroleum port located in Dalian, which has played a very important role in Chinese oil supply right up to the present day. In 1973, Qian instigated a movement within CAS to encourage research on structural optimization design, its theory and methodology. This call was taken up enthusiastically by the Chinese mechanics community and until the early 1980s, Qian and his team in DUT, including Professor W. X. Zhong and Professor G. D. Cheng, published many innovative papers and developed a powerful computer system for structural optimization design known as DDDU. The system was used successfully in many important engineering projects and its value was recognized by awards from the Chinese Government on more than one occasion.

Prof Qian's major work and published books are following: [1] Qian Lingxi, Hyperstatic Structure, China Science Book and Instrument Company, Shanghai, 1951. [2] Qian Lingxi, Statically Determinate Structure, China Science Book Instrument Company, Shanghai, 1952. [3] Б. Н. Жемочкин, On the Calculation of Lattice Cofferdams, Translated by Qian Lingxi. Transportation Ministry of Inland Waterway Technology Research Group, 1953. [4] Э. Ф. Gorhuangwei, Т. В. Ender. Calculation of Dry Dock Floor on Compressible Foundation (B. A. Florin's method), Translated by Qian Lingxi and Gao Guofan. People's Communications Press, Beijing, 1955. [5] (Based on the lecture notes prepared by Qian Lingxi) Compiled by the General Administration of Navigation Engineering, Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China, Port Building, Vol 1, Wharf Design, People's Communications Publishing House, Beijing, 1955. [6] Н. Х. Arugiu Nieyang, Several Problems in Creep Theory, Translated by Wu Ruifeng, Lu Kuangzhou, Fang Xiaoshu, Zhao Deyong, Qian Lingxi, and etc., Beijing Science Press, Beijing, 1961. [7] Qian Lingxi and Zhong Wanxie, On Limit Analysis in Solid Mechanics and Suggest a General Variational Principle, The Science and Technology Commission of the Republic of China, Beijing, 1964. [8] Qian Lingxi, editor in chief, Selected Papers on Structural Optimization, Guanghua Publishing House, Beijing, 1979. [9] Qian Lingxi, Optimized Design of Engineering Structure (including drawings and errata), Printed by Dalian Institute of Technology, Dalian, 1981. [10] Qian Lingxi, editor in chief, Proceedings of the 1980 National Conference on Computational Mechanics, Peking University Press, Beijing, 1981. [11] W. J. Krefeld and W. G. Bowman, Nuclear Plate (Structural Element), Translated by Qian Lingxi, Science Press, Beijing, 1982. [12] Qian Lingxi, Selected Papers of O. C. Zienkiewicz on Finite Element Method, China Academic Press, Beijing, 1982. [13] Prepared by the Steel Bridge Design Group of the Engineering Mechanics Department of Dalian Institute of Technology, reviewed and updated by Qian Lingxi, All-Welded Hollow Truss Steel Bridge, People's Communications Press, Beijing, 1982. [14] Qian Lingxi, Optimal Design of Engineering Structure, Water Conservancy and Electric Power Press, Beijing, 1983. [15] Qian Lingxi, Statically Indeterminate and Statically Determinate Structure, Science Press, Beijing, 2011. [16] Qian Lingxi, Optimal Design of Engineering Structure, Science Press, Beijing, 2011.