Jump to content

Changi Airport

Coordinates: 1°21′33″N 103°59′22″E / 1.35917°N 103.98944°E / 1.35917; 103.98944
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Gbrkk (talk | contribs) at 01:16, 27 July 2021 (→Passenger: see https://info.flightmapper.net/flight/Singapore_Airlines_SQ_22 and https://info.flightmapper.net/flight/Singapore_Airlines_SQ_24). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

"Singapore Airport" redirects here. For other existing and previous airports in Singapore, see List of airports in Singapore. For the entertainment and retail complex, see Jewel Changi Airport.

Singapore Changi Airport

Lapangan Terbang Changi Singapura

新加坡樟宜机场
சிங்கப்பூர் சாங்கி விமான நிலையம்
Summary
Airport typePublic / Military
OwnerGovernment of Singapore[1]
Operator
ServesSingapore
LocationChangi, East Region, Singapore
Opened
  • 1 July 1981 (1981-07-01) (operational)
  • 29 December 1981 (1981-12-29) (official)
Hub for
Focus city for
Time zoneSST (UTC+08:00)
Elevation AMSL6.66 m / 22 ft
Coordinates1°21′33″N 103°59′22″E / 1.35917°N 103.98944°E / 1.35917; 103.98944
Websitechangiairport.com
Map
SIN is located in Singapore
SIN
SIN
Location in Singapore
SIN is located in Southeast Asia
SIN
SIN
SIN (Southeast Asia)
SIN is located in Asia
SIN
SIN
SIN (Asia)
Map
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
02L/20R[N 1] 4,000 13,123 Grooved asphalt concrete
02C/20C[N 2] 4,000 13,123 Asphalt concrete
02R/20L 4,000 13,123 Grooved asphalt concrete
Statistics (2020)
Passenger movementsDecrease 11,800,000
Air freight movements (tons)Decrease 1,540,000
Aircraft movementsDecrease 125,000
Economic impact (2017)US$13.3 billion[5]
Social impact (2017)119,000[5]
Source: Changi Airport Group[6] WAD[7]

Singapore Changi Airport, commonly known as Changi Airport (IATA: SIN, ICAO: WSSS), is a major civilian airport that serves Singapore, and is one of the largest transportation hubs in Asia. As one of the world's busiest airports by international passenger and cargo traffic, it is currently rated the World's Best Airport by Skytrax, the first airport in the world to do so for eight consecutive years.[8][9] It has also been rated as one of the world's cleanest airports and highly rated international transit airports.[10][11]

The airport is located in Changi, at the eastern end of Singapore, approximately 20 km (12 mi)[12] from Marina Bay (Singapore's Downtown Core), on a 13-square-kilometre (5.0 sq mi) site. The airport is operated by Changi Airport Group and it is the home base of Singapore Airlines,[13] Singapore Airlines Cargo,[13] Scoot, Jetstar Asia Airways and BOC Aviation.[13]

In 2019, Changi served 68.3 million passengers, making it the 18th busiest airport in the world.[14]

Overview

See also: History of Changi Airport and Infrastructure of Changi Airport
Map of Changi Airport

Changi Airport serves more than 100 airlines flying to 400 cities in around 100 countries and territories worldwide, as of 20 November 2020. About 7,400 flights arrive or depart at Changi each week – about one every 80 seconds.

For the 2019 full-year figures published by the airport, the airport handled 68,300,000 passengers (a 4.0% increase over the previous year), the most in its 38-year history.[15] This made it the seventh busiest airport by international passenger traffic in the world and the third busiest in Asia. In December 2019, Changi Airport registered a total of 6.41 million passenger movements, the highest the airport has ever achieved in a month since it opened in 1981. Its daily traffic movement record was also broken on 20 December 2019, with 226,692 passengers passing through during that day. In addition to being an important passenger hub, the airport is also one of the busiest cargo airports in t he world, handling 2.01 million tonnes of cargo in 2019. The total number of commercial aircraft movements decreased by 1.0% from the previous year to 382,000 in 2019.[15]

The airport has won over 620 awards since its opening, including 28 "Best Airport" awards in 2019 alone.[16] Changi Airport's efforts to mitigate the effects of ageing infrastructure include continual physical upgrades to its existing terminals and building new facilities to maintain its high standards in airport service quality.[17]

Passenger terminals

Changi Airport has five main passenger terminals arranged in an elongated inverted 'U' shape with Jewel in the centre of the ‘U’ shape. Currently, the airport has a designed total annual handling capacity of 85 million passengers.[18]

  • Terminal 1 began operations on 1 July 1981,[19] is located at the northern end, and was renovated in 2019.[20]
  • Terminal 2 began operations on 22 November 1990,[21] and is located at the eastern end. (Operations have been suspended from 1 May 2020 for 18 months.)[22]
  • Terminal 3 began operations on 9 January 2008,[23] officially opened on 25 July 2008,[24] and is located at the western end.
  • Terminal 4 began operations on 31 October 2017[25] and is located on the southern side, at the site of the former budget terminal. (Operations have been suspended indefinitely from 16 May 2020 due to weak demand as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore.)[26]

There is also a privately run luxury terminal called the JetQuay CIP Terminal. It is similar to the Lufthansa First Class Terminal at Frankfurt Airport, but is open to all passengers travelling in all classes on all airlines with an access fee.[27]

The short-lived Budget Terminal was opened on 26 March 2006 and closed on 25 September 2012 to make way for Terminal 4.[28]

Mixed-use development

Further information: Jewel Changi Airport
The Rain Vortex at Jewel Changi Airport

Jewel Changi Airport, which opened on 17 April 2019, is a multi-use structure, mainly a shopping mall, interconnecting Terminals 1, 2 and 3.[29] Announced in 2013, it was a new terminal structure that is intended to be a mixed-use complex.[30] It is situated on a 3.5-hectare site where the Terminal 1 car park used to reside. Jewel was developed by Jewel Changi Airport Trustee Pte Ltd, a joint venture between Changi Airport Group and CapitaLand, through its wholly owned shopping mall business, CapitaLand Mall Asia.[31] The project cost S$1.7 billion.[32] Part of this project was planned to help expand Terminal 1 to handle 24 million passengers per year by 2018.[33]

Future terminals and projects

Terminal 5 is set to be ready in the mid 2030s. It is expected to handle 50 million passenger movements per annum.[34] The airport terminal structure is projected to be larger than terminals 1, 2 and 3 combined. It will be built on reclaimed land to the east of the present terminals. It will be funded through the newly increased levy.[35] KPF Singapore with Heatherwick Studio, Architects 61, and DP Architects will provide architectural services. Arup Singapore, Mott MacDonald Singapore and Surbana Jurong Consultants will provide engineering services. Transport Minister Khaw Boon Wan said on 16 June 2020 that the Changi Terminal 5 project could be delayed by at least 2 years as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[36]

Operations

Terminal 2 check-in area
Terminal 3 airside area
Aerial view of Singapore Changi Airport. The forested area to the right of the airfield has since been cleared for Terminal 5.

Passenger operations

As the airport only handles international passenger traffic, all terminals in operation are equipped with immigration-processing facilities for international travel.

After recovering from a drop in passenger traffic as a result of the September 11 attacks in 2001 and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic in 2003, the airport saw rapid growth in traffic, which hit the 30-million mark for the first time in 2004. In March 2008, prior to the full effect of the financial crisis of 2007–2010 on the global economy, the airport was predicted to handle 50 million passengers by 2012[37] due to the opening of casinos in Singapore and the phased liberalisation of the Asean aviation sector. As predicted, the airport surpassed the 50-million mark in 2012.[17]

On 18 December 2017, the airport surpassed the 60-million mark for the first time.[38][39]

The airport saw a record 65.6 million passenger movements in 2018 - beating 2017's record of 60 million passengers with a 5.5 per cent increase.[40]

In 2019, Firefly, the sole turboprop operator in Changi Airport, moved to Seletar Airport to make way for their jet operations.[41][42][43]

In 2020, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, passenger traffic fell 32.8% due to the weakened demand for February. For the next few months, it is estimated that the numbers would drop further.[44] The pandemic also resulted in a 18-month closure of Terminal 2, starting from 1 May 2020, as the reduced passenger traffic deemed the terminal unnecessary. The previously planned expansion of Terminal 2 would therefore benefit from the closure, as a side effect, where it is believed that the 18-month closure would accelerate the expansion works by a year.[22] Airlines previously utilising Terminal 2 would be reallocated to the remaining terminals.

Cargo

The Air Cargo Division of the Changi Airport Group (CAG) manages the Changi Airfreight Centre[45] located in the north of the airport premises.[46] The airport handled 1.81 million tonnes of air cargo in 2012, making it the 7th busiest airfreight hub in the world and the fifth busiest in Asia.[47] Due to Singapore's large electronics sector, electrical components constitute a significant part of the total cargo traffic handled at the airport. Changi airport has initiated attempts to expand into the perishable air cargo market. In 2015, Changi Airport handled 1,853,087 tonnes of air freight. Air Cargo World awarded the 2013 Air Cargo Excellence Award to Changi Airport for handling more than 1,000,000 tonnes of cargo in Asia.[48]

The airport handled 2,006,300 tonnes of cargo in 2016, making it the 13th top cargo airport in the world and the sixth in the Asia Pacific region.[49]

In 2017, the airport handled 2,125,226 tonnes of cargo. The top five cargo markets for the airport were China, Australia, Hong Kong, United States and India.[50]

Key markets and destinations

In 2018, Indonesia was the largest market for the airport, followed by Malaysia, China, Thailand, Australia, India, Hong Kong, Japan, Philippines and Vietnam. Kuala Lumpur was the top destination for travellers in the airport, followed by Bangkok, Jakarta, Hong Kong, Manila, Denpasar/Bali, Tokyo, Ho Chi Minh City, Taipei and Sydney.[51]

Safety and security

Singapore Airport Emergency Services Griffon 8000TD

The Changi Airport Group (CAG) manages the overall safety and security of the airport. The Airport Management Division of the CAG manages the customer aspects of the airport's security, while the Aviation Security Unit oversees the airport's compliance with aviation security (AVSEC) policies, and manages AVSEC-related projects.[46] The airport's emergency and fire-fighting services are handled by the Airport Emergency Service Division.[52] The Airport Emergency Services handles all instances of rescue and fire-fighting within the airport premises as well as in surrounding waters. It operates from two main fire stations (Station 1 by Runway 1 along West Perimeter Road and Station 2 by Runway 2), one sub-station (Domestic Fire Station), and one sea rescue base near the airport.[53]

The airport's security comes under the regulatory purview of the Airport Police Division of the Singapore Police Force (SPF). The day to day discharge of security functions at the airport is performed by auxiliary police forces including Aetos Security Management, Certis CISCO and SATS Security Services. Aetos and SATS Security Services are affiliated to the ground handling companies of Dnata and Singapore Changi Airport Terminal Services respectively.[54] On 29 April 2008, CAAS signed its then-biggest single security contract for all airport-related security services by engaging Certis CISCO to provide security services at Singapore Changi Airport, as well as Seletar Airport, Changi Airfreight Centre, and the Singapore Air Traffic Control Centre.[55] It involves the deployment of about 2,600 Certis Cisco personnel, including armed Auxiliary Police Officers and unarmed aviation security officers to perform tasks such as screening checked baggage, controlling access to restricted areas, and screening passengers before they board their aircraft.[56]

Since the September 11 attacks and the naming of the airport as a terrorist target by the Jemaah Islamiyah, the airport's security has been tightened. Singapore Armed Forces and Singapore Police Force officers, armed with assault rifles or sub-machine guns, have been deployed to patrol the terminals at random intervals.[57] Officers from the Gurkha Contingent are also dispatched to patrol the transit areas of the terminal buildings. These measures come at a cost partly borne by travellers in the form of a "passenger security service charge", imposed since 2002.[58]

In 2005, an upgrade in screening technology and rising security concerns led to luggage-screening processes being conducted behind closed doors, as opposed to them being done before check-in within public view. The screening of carry-on luggage and travellers are mostly conducted at individual departure gates, while check-in luggage is screened in the backrooms and secured before loading. A perimeter intrusion detection system for Changi Airport's perimeter fence has also been put in place to further strengthen the security of the airfield, while a biometric access control system for staff movement has been put in place since 2006.[58]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinations
Air China Beijing–Capital, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Hangzhou[59]
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India Bengaluru,[60] Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai
Air India Express Bengaluru,[61] Chennai, Coimbatore, Kochi, Madurai, Tiruchirappalli
Air Mauritius Kuala Lumpur–International, Mauritius
Air New Zealand Auckland
Seasonal: Christchurch[62]
Air Niugini Port Moresby
Air Timor Dili[63]
AirAsia Ipoh,[64] Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuching, Langkawi, Miri, Penang
AirAsia X Kuala Lumpur–International[65][66]
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
Bangkok Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Koh Samui
Batik Air Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka
British Airways London–Heathrow, Sydney
Cathay Pacific Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hong Kong
Cebu Pacific Cebu, Clark, Davao, Iloilo, Manila
China Airlines Kaohsiung, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Changsha,[67] Kunming, Nanjing, Quanzhou, Shanghai–Pudong
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou
Chongqing Airlines Chongqing[68]
Druk Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[69] Guwahati, Paro
Emirates Dubai–International, Melbourne
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa, Kuala Lumpur–International
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan
Fiji Airways Nadi
Finnair Helsinki
Garuda Indonesia Denpasar/Bali, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Surabaya
Gulf Air Bahrain,[70] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[71]
GX Airlines Nanning
Hainan Airlines Haikou[72]
Hebei Airlines Hangzhou[73]
IndiGo Bengaluru, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Tiruchirappalli
Indonesia AirAsia Bandung, Denpasar/Bali, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Semarang, Yogyakarta–International[74]
Japan Airlines Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Jetstar Airways Denpasar/Bali, Perth
Jetstar Asia Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[75] Clark, Colombo–Bandaranaike,[76] Da Nang, Darwin, Denpasar/Bali, Haikou, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Jieyang, Kuala Lumpur–International,[75] Manila,[75] Medan, Naha, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Phnom Penh, Phuket (resumes 3 September 2021),[77] Sanya, Siem Reap, Surabaya, Taipei–Taoyuan, Yangon
Jeju Air Busan[78]
Juneyao Airlines Shanghai–Pudong, Wuxi
KLM Amsterdam, Denpasar/Bali, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta,[79] Kuala Lumpur–International[79]
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon
Lion Air Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin[80][81]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuching
Malindo Air Kuala Lumpur–International
Myanmar Airways International Yangon
Myanmar National Airlines Yangon
Pacific Airlines Ho Chi Minh City
Philippine Airlines Manila
Philippines AirAsia Cebu, Manila (soon)
Qantas[82] Brisbane, London–Heathrow, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney
Qatar Airways Doha
Regent Airways Dhaka
Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan
Saudia Jeddah
Scoot Amritsar, Athens, Bangkok–Don Mueang, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Berlin (begins 10 August 2021),[83] Cebu, Changsha,[84][85] Chiang Mai,[84] Clark, Coimbatore,[84] Denpasar/Bali, Fuzhou,[84][86] Gold Coast, Guangzhou, Haikou, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Harbin, Hat Yai, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Hyderabad, Ipoh, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Jeddah, Jinan, Kaohsiung, Kota Bharu,[87] Kota Kinabalu,[84] Krabi, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuantan, Kuching, Kunming,[84][88] Langkawi, Luang Prabang,[84] Macau, Makassar,[84] Manado,[89] Manila, Mataram–Lombok,[84] Melbourne, Nanchang, Nanjing, Nanning, Ningbo, Osaka–Kansai, Palembang, Pekanbaru, Penang, Perth, Phuket, Qingdao, Sapporo–Chitose, Semarang,[90] Seoul–Incheon, Shenyang, Surabaya, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Thiruvananthapuram,[84] Tianjin, Tiruchirappalli, Tokyo–Narita, Vientiane,[84] Visakhapatnam,[91][84] Wuhan,[92][84] Wuxi, Xi'an, Yogyakarta–International,[93] Zhengzhou
Shandong Airlines Jinan
Shenzhen Airlines Shenzhen
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu–Shuangliu
Singapore Airlines Adelaide, Ahmedabad, Amsterdam, Auckland, Bandar Seri Begawan, Bandung,[94] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Beijing–Capital, Bengaluru, Brisbane, Busan,[95] Cairns (resumes 31 October 2021),[96] Cape Town, Cebu (begins 31 October 2021),[94] Chennai, Chongqing, Christchurch, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Copenhagen, Da Nang (begins 31 October 2021),[94] Darwin (resumes 31 October 2021),[96] Davao (begins 31 October 2021),[94] Delhi, Denpasar/Bali, Dhaka, Dubai–International, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Istanbul, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo,[97] Kathmandu,[94] Kolkata,[98] Kuala Lumpur–International, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Malé, Manchester,[99] Manila, Medan, Melbourne, Milan–Malpensa, Moscow–Domodedovo, Mumbai, Munich, Nagoya–Centrair, Newark (resumes 1 November 2021), New York–JFK (ends 30 October 2021), Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Penang (resumes 31 October 2021),[94] Perth, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Rome–Fiumicino,[100] San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Shenzhen,[101] Surabaya, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Yangon, Zürich
Seasonal: Mandalay (begins 2 November 2021),[94] Sapporo–Chitose
Spring Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich
Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang, Krabi, Phuket
Thai Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Thai Lion Air Bangkok–Don Mueang
Turkish Airlines Istanbul
United Airlines San Francisco
Urumqi Air Wuhan[102]
US-Bangla Airlines Dhaka
VietJet Air Da Nang,[103] Hanoi,[104] Ho Chi Minh City[105]
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Vistara Delhi,[106] Mumbai[106]
XiamenAir Fuzhou, Xiamen
ZIPAIR Tokyo Tokyo–Narita (begins 7 September 2021)[107]

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
AeroLogic Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle
AirBridgeCargo Hong Kong, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Phnom Penh[108][109]
Air Hong Kong Hong Kong[110]
ANA Cargo Hong Kong, Naha[111]
Asiana Cargo Ho Chi Minh City, Seoul–Incheon[112]
Asialink Cargo Express Batam
ASL Airlines Belgium Liège, Shanghai–Pudong
Cardig Air Balikpapan, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta[113]
Cargolux Anchorage, Baku, Chicago–O'Hare, Doha, Dubai-Al Maktoum, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur–International, Luxembourg, Taipei–Taoyuan
Cathay Pacific Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Penang
China Airlines Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Manila, Penang, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Cargo Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Shanghai–Pudong
DHL Aviation Anchorage, Bengaluru,[114] Cincinnati, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle,[115] Seoul–Incheon,[116] Sydney
Emirates SkyCargo Auckland, Dubai–Al Maktoum,[117] Melbourne, Perth, Sydney
Etihad Cargo[118][119] Abu Dhabi, Brisbane, Sydney
EVA Air Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hanoi, Hong Kong,[120] Penang, Taipei–Taoyuan[121]
FedEx Express Anchorage, Dubai–International, Guangzhou, Ho Chi Minh City, Honolulu, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Memphis, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Penang, Shanghai–Pudong, Sydney,[122] Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong[123]
Kalitta Air Cincinnati, Hong Kong,[124][125] Sydney[126]
K-Mile Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
Korean Air Cargo Hanoi, Penang, Seoul–Incheon
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin[127]
My Indo Airlines Balikpapan, Bandar Seri Begawan, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta–Halim Perdanakusuma, Manila, Semarang, Surabaya[128]
My Jet Xpress Airlines Kuala Lumpur–Subang,[129] Penang
Nippon Cargo Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
Polar Air Cargo Hong Kong, Seoul-Incheon
Qatar Airways Cargo Doha, Macau[130]
Raya Airways Kuala Lumpur–Subang
SF Airlines Hangzhou,[131][132] Shenzhen
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu–Shuangliu[124][125]
Silk Way West Airlines Baku,[133] Dubai–Al Maktoum,[134] Kuala Lumpur–International[135]
Singapore Airlines Cargo Adelaide, Amsterdam, Auckland, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Bengaluru, Brussels, Chennai, Coimbatore, Chicago–O'Hare, Copenhagen, Dallas/Fort Worth, Delhi, Frankfurt, Guangzhou, Hanoi,[136] Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Johannesburg–OR Tambo, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Medan, Melbourne, Mumbai, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Nanjing, Perth, Shanghai-Pudong, Sharjah, Sydney
SpiceXpress Bengaluru, Chennai, Mumbai[137]
Tasman Cargo Airlines Darwin, Melbourne[138]
Tianjin Airlines Nanning[139]
Tri-MG Intra Asia Airlines Balikpapan, Batam, Ho Chi Minh City,[140] Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
Turkish Airlines Cargo Hyderabad, Istanbul–Atatürk, Karachi
United Airlines Guam[141]
UPS Airlines Dubai–International, Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan
YTO Cargo Airlines Hangzhou[142]

Operational statistics

Operational statistics (1980-1989)
Year Passenger
movements 		Passenger %
change over
previous year 		Airfreight
movements
(tonnes) 		Airfreight %
change over
previous year 		Aircraft
movements 		Aircraft %
change over
previous year 		Notes
1980 7,294,549 Steady 0.0 — — 75,971 Steady 0.0
1981 8,152,158 Increase 11.7% — — 71,365 Decrease 6.1%
1982 8,611,812 Increase 5.6% — — 68,159 Decrease 4.5%
1983 8,679,152 Increase 0.8% — — 67,594 Decrease 0.8%
1984 9,465,651 Increase 9.1% — — 70,674 Increase 4.5%
1985 9,856,830 Increase 4.1% — — 73,223 Increase 3.6%
1986 10,067,719 Increase 2.1% 352,806 Steady 0.0 73,022 Decrease 0.3%
1987 11,203,793 Increase 11.3% 419,099 Increase 18.8% 76,276 Increase 4.5%
1988 12,595,286 Increase 12.4% 512,509 Increase 22.3% 82,930 Increase 8.7%
1989 14,136,367 Increase 12.3% 577,610 Increase 12.7% 87,421 Increase 5.4%
Sources:[143][144][145]
Operational statistics (1990-1999)
Year Passenger
movements 		Passenger %
change over
previous year 		Airfreight
movements
(tonnes) 		Airfreight %
change over
previous year 		Aircraft
movements 		Aircraft %
change over
previous year 		Notes
1990 15,620,758 Increase 10.5% 623,841 Increase 8.0% 97,675 Increase 11.7%
1991 16,285,039 Increase 4.3% 643,209 Increase 3.1% 108,728 Increase 11.3%
1992 18,100,155 Increase 11.1% 719,004 Increase 11.7% 125,526 Increase 15.4%
1993 19,987,214 Increase 10.4% 838,416 Increase 16.6% 136,762 Increase 8.9%
1994 21,644,677 Increase 8.3% 1,009,764 Increase 20.4% 145,334 Increase 6.3%
1995 23,196,240 Increase 7.2% 1,105,773 Increase 9.5% 156,334 Increase 7.6%
1996 24,514,248 Increase 5.7% 1,190,457 Increase 7.6% 166,749 Increase 6.7%
1997 25,174,344 Increase 2.7% 1,336,254 Increase 12.2% 172,672 Increase 3.5%
1998 23,803,180 Decrease 5.4% 1,283,660 Decrease 4.0% 165,242 Decrease 4.3% 1997 Asian financial crisis
1999 26,064,645 Increase 9.5 1,500,393 Increase 16.8 165,961 Increase 0.4
Sources:[146][144][145]
Operational statistics (2000-2009)
Year Passenger
movements 		Passenger %
change over
previous year 		Airfreight
movements
(tonnes) 		Airfreight %
change over
previous year 		Aircraft
movements 		Aircraft %
change over
previous year 		Notes
2000 28,618,200 Increase 9.8 1,682,489 Increase 12.1 173,947 Increase 4.8
2001 28,093,759 Decrease 1.83 1,507,062 Decrease 11.6 179,359 Increase 3.1 September 11 attacks
2002 28,979,344 Increase 3.2 1,637,797 Increase 8.7 174,820 Decrease 2.5
2003 24,664,137 Decrease 14.9 1,611,407 Decrease 1.6 154,346 Decrease 11.7 2002–2004 SARS outbreak
2004 30,353,565 Increase 23.0 1,775,092 Increase 10.1 184,932 Increase 19.8
2005 32,430,856 Increase 6.8 1,833,721 Increase 3.3 204,138 Increase 10.3
2006 35,033,083 Increase 8.0 1,931,881 Increase 5.4 214,000 Increase 4.8
2007 36,701,556 Increase 4.8 1,918,159 Decrease 0.7 221,000 Increase 3.3
2008 37,694,824 Increase 2.7 1,883,894 Decrease 1.8 232,000 Increase 5.0
2009 37,203,978 Decrease 1.3 1,633,791 Decrease 15.3 240,360 Increase 3.6 Financial crisis of 2007–2008
Sources:[147][148][149]
Operational statistics (2010-2019)
Year Passenger
movements 		Passenger %
change over
previous year 		Airfreight
movements
(tonnes) 		Airfreight %
change over
previous year 		Aircraft
movements 		Aircraft %
change over
previous year 		Notes
2010 42,038,777 Increase 13.0 1,813,809 Increase 11.0 263,593 Increase 9.7
2011 46,543,845 Increase 10.7 1,865,252 Increase 2.8 301,711 Increase 14.5
2012 51,181,804 Increase 10.0 1,806,225 Decrease 3.2 324,722 Increase 7.6
2013 53,726,087 Increase 5.0 1,850,233 Increase 2.4 343,800 Increase 5.9
2014 54,093,070 Increase 0.8 1,843,799 Decrease 0.3 341,386 Decrease 0.7
2015 55,448,964 Increase 2.5 1,853,087 Increase 0.5 346,334 Increase 1.5
2016 58,698,039 Increase 5.9 1,969,434 Increase 6.3 360,490 Increase 4.1
2017 62,219,573 Increase 6.0 2,125,226 Increase 7.9 373,201 Increase 3.5
2018 65,600,000 Increase 5.5 2,150,000 Increase 1.4 386,000 Increase 3.4
2019 68,300,000 Increase 4.0 2,010,000 Decrease 6.5 382,000 Decrease 1.0
Sources:[150][151][152][153][154][155][156][157][158][159]
Operational statistics (2020)
Year Passenger
movements 		Passenger %
change over
previous year 		Airfreight
movements
(tonnes) 		Airfreight %
change over
previous year 		Aircraft
movements 		Aircraft %
change over
previous year 		Notes
2020 11,800,000 Decrease 82.8 1,540,000 Decrease 23.3 125,000 Decrease 67.2 COVID-19 pandemic
Sources:[6]


Annual passenger traffic at SIN airport. See Wikidata query.

The cause of the sudden plummet in 2020 numbers is a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Accidents and incidents

  • On 26 March 1991, Singapore Airlines Flight 117, operated by an Airbus A310, was hijacked by four Pakistani terrorists. The flight landed in Changi Airport at 22:15. The Singapore Special Operations Force stormed the plane, on the morning of 27 March. All four hijackers were killed, with no fatalities among the 123 passengers and crew that were held hostage for more than eight hours.
  • On 4 November 2010, Qantas Flight 32, operated by an Airbus A380-800, suffered an uncontained engine failure and made an emergency landing in Changi Airport. Upon landing, one of the engines could not be shut down due to ruptured control cables and had to be doused for three hours by airport firefighters to forcefully shut it down. There were no crew or passenger injuries, and all 469 people on board survived this incident.
  • On 27 June 2016, Singapore Airlines Flight 368, operated by a Boeing 777-300ER, suffered an engine problem while flying from Singapore to Milan. During the diversionary landing in Singapore, the right engine and wing caught fire. The fire was quickly extinguished by airport fire services. There were no injuries among the 241 people on board.
  • On 16 May 2017, a fire broke out at the departure hall in Terminal 2.[160] The fire caused 40 flights at Terminal 2 to be delayed and diverted to Terminal 3.[161] Terminal 2 was closed from 17:30 to 22:45.
  • On 6 February 2018, a KAI T-50 Golden Eagle, part of the Black Eagles aerobatic team taking part in Singapore Airshow 2018, veered off the runway during takeoff and crashed. The resulting fire was put out by emergency services and the pilot was treated for minor injuries. Runway 1 was closed as a result and caused delays at the airport.[162]
  • On 19 June 2019, unauthorised drones were spotted around Changi Airport, causing 37 flights to be delayed and a runway to be shut intermittently.[163] Another such incident took place on 24 June 2019, causing 18 flights to be delayed and 7 more diverted. The disruption was made worse by bad weather.[164]

Ground transportation

Changi Airport was built with ground-transportation considerations in mind from the onset, with the East Coast Parkway built and opened in tandem with the airport, providing a direct link to the city centre. At a distance of about 20 km (12 mi), the expressway was built almost entirely on reclaimed land, thus minimising disruptions to the existing road network in Singapore's East Coast.

Despite the four main passenger terminal buildings being relatively close to each other, the CAAS (Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore) decided to build the Changi Airport Skytrain people-mover system to facilitate quicker and more convenient transfers between the terminals for travellers. The system was upgraded in 2007 with new technologies supplied by Mitsubishi, connecting to Terminal 3 and separating checked-in passengers from the general public on distinct tracks.

Inter-terminal transportation

File:JewelSkytrain.jpg
Changi Airport Skytrain
Changi Airport MRT station platforms
Main article: Changi Airport Skytrain

Terminals 1, 2 and 3 are connected by the free Skytrain service, which operates from 05:00 to 02:30. During non-operational hours, travellers in the transit areas may transfer within the terminals by foot via the inter-terminal travellators. For travellers in the public areas, a free shuttle bus service will connect the three terminals.[165]

All Skytrain services have been suspended from 1 May 2020 until further notice.

A complimentary 24-hour Airport Shuttle Bus service plies between Terminal 3 and Terminal 4 in both the public and transit areas. The journey takes approximately eight to 10 minutes.[166]

External connections

Mass Rapid Transit

The airport is connected to the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) network via a two-stop branch of the East West line from Tanah Merah MRT station, consisting of two stations: Expo, serving the nearby Singapore Expo site; and Changi Airport. Changi Airport MRT station is located underground between Terminal 2 and Terminal 3. Direct, one-train service to the downtown and western parts of Singapore was initially in operation when the station opened on 8 February 2002. This was replaced by the current shuttle service between Tanah Merah and Changi Airport via Expo on 22 July 2003,[167] when it was found that passenger demand for this route was low.

Until Stage 3 of the Downtown line opened on 21 October 2017, passengers needed to transfer at Tanah Merah station for train service towards the city, Pasir Ris and Tuas Link. However, as of this date, passengers can now transfer at Expo for direct service to Bukit Timah and Bukit Panjang using an alternate route via the city.

As announced in the LTA's Land Transport Masterplan 2040, the new Thomson–East Coast line will be extended to Changi Airport Terminal 5 and to the current Changi Airport station, with the current EWL Branch line being converted to be part of the TEL.[168]

Bus

There are seven bus services operated by SBS Transit, SMRT Buses and Go-Ahead Singapore, making a loop starting from Terminal 3 to Terminal 1, and Terminal 2. Only four bus services will continue to Terminal 4 – Services 24, 34, 36 and 110. Bus stops are located at the basement bus bays of Terminals 1, 2 and 3. For Terminal 4, the bus stop is located next to Car Park 4B.

Service Destination Notes
Public Bus Services
24 Ang Mo Kio Bus Interchange
27 Hougang Central Bus Interchange
34 Punggol Temporary Bus Interchange
36 Tomlinson Road (loop)
53 Bishan Bus Interchange
110 Compassvale Bus Interchange
858 Woodlands Temporary Bus Interchange

Coaches to and from Johor Bahru are also available. Operated by Transtar Travel, the service will start at coach stands at Terminals 1, 2, and 3, and end at Larkin Terminal.

There is also a free shuttle bus service plying between Changi Airport (T3) and Changi Business Park. This service is a nine-stop route, running from Mondays to Fridays, except public holidays.[169]

Taxi

Taxis are available at taxi stands located in the arrival halls of each terminal. There is an additional airport surcharge for all trips originating from the airport.[170] Limousine and other transportation options are available at the Ground Transport Concierge.[171]

Car and private transportation

All pick-ups by private transportation occur at the arrival pick-up points of each terminal.[172][173] Car rental counters are located in the arrival halls of each terminal.[174]

By foot or bicycle

A 3.5 km (2.2 mi) Changi Airport Connector links the airport to East Coast Park. Bicycle rental services are available along with other facilities such as pay-per-use showers and bicycle lockers at HUB & SPOKE Changi Airport. Along the way is a 1 km (0.62 mi) long Changi Jurassic Mile where there is a permanent display of life-sized dinosaurs. Admission is free.[175][176][177]

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Runway 02L is 4,000 m (13,000 ft) and 20R is 3,260 m (10,700 ft) with a displaced threshold of 740 m (2,430 ft). Thus aircraft landing on 20R will have to avoid touching down on the displaced threshold but may use it for departures.
  2. ^ To facilitate works for Terminal 5, Runway 02C/20C will be closed from 3 December 2020 to 19 May 2021.[4]

Citations

  1. ^ "Changi Airport Group". Changi Airport Group.
  2. ^ "FedEx opens flagship Asia hub". Singapore's Changi Airport. Aircargonews.net. Archived from the original on 1 August 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
  3. ^ "SIA-ANA pact will pave way for more flights, Japan destinations for Singapore consumers". Singapore Airlines, All Nippon Airways. The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  4. ^ "SUP 102 2020 SINGAPORE CHANGI AIRPORT - CLOSURE OF RUNWAY 02C/20C DUE TO CHANGI EAST DEVELOPMENT WORKS" (PDF). caas.gov.sg. 22 October 2020.
  5. ^ a b "The importance of air transport to Singapore". International Air Transport Association. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  6. ^ a b "2020 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". The Straits Times. 21 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
  7. ^ "SINGAPORE CHANGI INTL". World Aero Data. WorldAeroData.com. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  8. ^ "World's Top 10 Airports 2020". Skytrax. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  9. ^ "The World's Best Airports for Transit Passengers". Retrieved 7 May 2016.
  10. ^ "World's Best Transit Airports 2020". SKYTRAX. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  11. ^ "The World's Best Airports in 2020 are announced". SKYTRAX. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
  12. ^ "Regulations". caas.gov.sg. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  13. ^ a b c "singapore airlines | boeing | malaysia airlines | 2004 | 09 - 0311 | Flight Archive". 22 March 2014. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  14. ^ "ACI reveals top 20 airports for passenger traffic, cargo, and aircraft movements". ACI World. 19 May 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  15. ^ a b "Passenger, airfreight and aircraft movement statistics for 2019". Changi Airport Group. 31 January 2020. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  16. ^ "OUR PRIDE". Changi Airport Group. 8 February 2020. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  17. ^ a b In 2019 the airport has installed one of the first drone detection systems "AARTOS". "A record 51 million passengers for Changi Airport in 2012" (PDF). Changaiairportgroup.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  18. ^ "The big picture: 40 years of Singapore Changi". Business Traveller. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  19. ^ "Changi Airport Infopedia". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  20. ^ Kaur, Karamjit (11 November 2018). "Changi Airport's $323 million T1 upgrade 85% complete". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  21. ^ "First 137 passengers take off from Terminal 2". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  22. ^ a b "Parliament: Changi Airport T2 operations to be suspended for 18 months amid coronavirus outbreak". The Straits Times. 6 April 2020. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  23. ^ "T3 TAKES OFF". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  24. ^ migration (25 July 2014). "Flashback Friday: Changi Airport Terminal 3 officially opened on July 25, 2008". The Straits Times. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  25. ^ "Terminal 4 Breaks New Ground for Changi | Changi Airport Group". www.changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  26. ^ "Changi Airport Terminal 4 to suspend operations amid COVID-19 pandemic". CNA. Archived from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  27. ^ "JetQuay". www.jetquay.com.sg. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  28. ^ "Changi Airport to open Terminal 4 on Oct 31; 9 airlines to operate from new terminal". The Straits Times. 6 September 2017. Archived from the original on 8 October 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  29. ^ "Jewel Changi Airport to open on April 17". The Straits Times. 6 March 2019. Archived from the original on 7 March 2019. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  30. ^ "Changi Airport Group to develop iconic mixed-use complex". Changi Airport Group. 19 August 2013. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  31. ^ migration (20 December 2013). "Project Jewel at Changi Airport to cost $1.47b". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  32. ^ Karamjit Kaur (5 December 2014). "Work on Changi Airport's Jewel project and T1 expansion begins". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
  33. ^ "Singapore Changi Airport breaks new ground with Jewel" (PDF). 7 December 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  34. ^ "Changi Airport's Terminal 5 ready in mid-2020s". Yahoo News Singapore. 30 August 2013. Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  35. ^ "Changi Airport passengers to pay new levy to fund developments including T5". Channel NewsAsia. 28 February 2018. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  36. ^ hermesauto (16 June 2020). "Coronavirus: Changi Airport T5 construction to be 'paused' for at least 2 years, says Khaw". The Straits Times. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
  37. ^ "Changi poised to handle 50 million passengers a year by 2012". Channel NewsAsia. 28 March 2008. Archived from the original on 28 December 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  38. ^ "Flying higher, Changi Airport crosses 60-million milestone in 2017". changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  39. ^ "Changi Airport hits record 60 million passengers in 2017". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 21 December 2017. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  40. ^ "Changi Airport hits record 65 million passengers in 2018". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 2 February 2019.
  41. ^ "Seletar Airport Prepares for Turboprop Service". Aviation Week & Space Technology. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  42. ^ "Singapore 2018: Seletar Airport set for turboprop move". Air & Cosmos – International. Archived from the original on 17 February 2018. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  43. ^ "Malaysian carrier Firefly resumes flights to Singapore as first plane lands at Seletar Airport". CNA. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  44. ^ Mui, Rachel (13 March 2020). "Changi Airport February passenger traffic falls 32.8% as virus hits travel demand". The Business Times. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  45. ^ "Changi Airfreight Centre". Changi Airport Group. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015.
  46. ^ a b "Our Divisions". Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS). Archived from the original on 26 September 2006. Retrieved 3 November 2006.
  47. ^ "Year to date International Freight Traffic". Airports Council International. 19 March 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012.
  48. ^ "2013 Awards". Air Cargo World. 2013. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
  49. ^ "Air Cargo. Still the Cinderella of the airline business – CAPA's top 20 cargo airports". CAPA – Centre for Aviation. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  50. ^ "A record 62.2 million passengers for Changi Airport in 2017". www.changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  51. ^ "Annex B - Top 10 routes from Singapore for 2018". changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2019.
  52. ^ Changi Airport Group Annual Report 2009/10 Archived 28 October 2010 at the Wayback Machine. (PDF) Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  53. ^ "Civil Fire Stations". Changi Airport Group. Archived from the original on 18 May 2011. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
  54. ^ "Changi Airport's third ground handling licence awarded to ASIG". Channel NewsAsia. 9 June 2011. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  55. ^ "Certis CISCO awarded $360 million Master Security Services Contract by CAAS". Certissecurity.com. 28 April 2008. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  56. ^ 50 Years of Securing Your World Archived 8 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine . Annual Review 2008/2009. certissecurity.com (PDF). Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  57. ^ "Counter Terrorism Efforts at Singapore's Changi Airport". South Asia Analysis Group. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2011.
  58. ^ a b "Changi Airport to Impose Security Levy (Page 5)". The Straits Times (retrieved from NLB). 10 January 2002. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
  59. ^ Liu, Jim. "Air China resumes Hangzhou – Singapore service from late-July 2020". Routesonline. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  60. ^ "Air India announces new flights to Moscow, Singapore and Brisbane". Business Traveller. 18 March 2021.
  61. ^ "Air India Express adds Bangalore – Singapore from late-Oct 2018". Routesonline. 28 September 2018. Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  62. ^ "Air New Zealand to operate Singapore-Christchurch service from December 2019". The Straits Times. 10 December 2018. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
  63. ^ "Drukair Royal Bhutan Airlines launches inaugural cross-equator flight to Dili on 31 October 2019". AirSoc. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
  64. ^ "AirAsia to commence Ipoh-Singapore service in Dec-2018". centreforaviation.com. Archived from the original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  65. ^ "AirAsia X schedules Singapore launch in Nov 2019". Routesonline.
  66. ^ "AirAsia X to operate 2 daily Kuala Lumpur – Singapore service from 10NOV19". 30 October 2019. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  67. ^ "China Eastern expands South East Asia Network in S19". routesonline. Retrieved 12 March 2019.
  68. ^ "China Southern Airlines SG". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  69. ^ "Drukair Royal Bhutan Airlines". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  70. ^ "Gulf Air Reveals Singapore As New Destination In Q2 2021". Gulf Air. 23 February 2021.
  71. ^ "Gulf Air returns to Singapore for the first time in 13 years". Mainly Miles. 24 February 2021.
  72. ^ "Hainan Airlines plans to resume Haikou – Singapore from late-Nov 2018". routesonline. Archived from the original on 17 October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
  73. ^ "Hebei Airlines resumes scheduled flight from Hangzhou to Singapore on 18 January 2020". Airsoc.
  74. ^ "AirAsia to move its operations in Yogyakarta to Yogyakarta International Airport, Kulon Progo starting 29 March 2020". AirAsia. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
  75. ^ a b c "Jetstar Asia to resume some flights to Manila, Bangkok, Kuala Lumpur". CNA.
  76. ^ "Jetstar Asia to delay Colombo launch to Jan 2021". Routesonline. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  77. ^ Andrew (10 July 2021). "Jetstar reinstating Singapore – Phuket flights from September". Mainly Miles.
  78. ^ "Jeju Air stretches longer haul, opening Busan-Singapore route July 4 - Pulse by Maeil Business News Korea". pulsenews.co.kr. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  79. ^ a b "Transit information through Singapore - KLM.com". KLM. Starting 29 March until 28 June 2021, KLM will operate 3 weekly direct flights from Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur to Amsterdam via Singapore.
  80. ^ "Direct connection to Singapore". lot.com. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  81. ^ 2017, UBM (UK) Ltd. "LOT Polish Airlines resumes Singapore service from May 2018". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 17 November 2017. {{cite web}}: |last1= has numeric name (help)
  82. ^ "Qantas ditches Dubai, returns A380 to Sydney-Singapore-London". Australian Business Traveller. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  83. ^ "Singapore's Scoot to enter EU fifth freedom market". ch-aviation. 14 July 2021.
  84. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Frequent fliers on some SilkAir routes will soon have to fly Scoot, SIA announces ahead of merger". businessinsider.sg. Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
  85. ^ "Scoot launches non-stop flights to Changsha and Kunming in June 2019". AirSoc. 29 April 2019. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  86. ^ "Scoot launches flight to Fuzhou on 5 July 2019". AirSoc. 29 April 2019. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  87. ^ "Scoot to commence Kota Bharu service in Jul-2019". centreforaviation.com. Archived from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
  88. ^ "Scoot launches non-stop flights to Changsha and Kunming in June 20119". AirSoc. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  89. ^ Liu, Jim (9 April 2020). "Scoot plans Manado launch from June 2020". Routesonline.
  90. ^ "Scoot's Flight Schedules for September to November 2020". Scoot.
  91. ^ "Scoot adds Vishakhapatnam service in W19". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 14 December 2018. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  92. ^ "Scoot assumes Silk Air Wuhan service from late-May 2019". Airlineroute. 1 May 2019. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
  93. ^ "Scoot's Flight Schedules for August & September 2020". Scoot.
  94. ^ a b c d e f g "SilkAir continues its journey as Singapore Airlines". Singapore Airlines.
  95. ^ "SIA to take over SilkAir's flights to Busan and raise seat capacity". The Straits Times. 12 September 2019.
  96. ^ a b David Flynn (16 April 2021). "Singapore Airlines brings Boeing 737s to Cairns, Darwin". Executive Traveller.
  97. ^ "Singapore Airlines to resume Joburg flights from October". www.iol.co.za.
  98. ^ Mui, Rachel (8 January 2020). "Singapore Airlines adding fifth weekly flight to Kolkata". The Business Times.
  99. ^ Finlay, Mark (8 June 2021). "Singapore Airlines Looks To Restart A350 Flights To Manchester". Simple Flying. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
  100. ^ Alex McWhirter (23 June 2021). "Singapore Airlines opens new European 'fifth-freedom' route". Business Traveller.
  101. ^ Zhaki Abdullah (15 December 2020). "SIA Group passenger carriage down 97.7% in November as air travel demand remains 'weak'". CNA.
  102. ^ "Urumqi Air launches Urumqi - Wuhan - Singapore flights on 18 May 2019". AirSoc. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  103. ^ "Vietjet Air begins scheduled flight between Singapore and Danaang on 20 December 2019". AirSoc. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2019.
  104. ^ "vietjet-opens-new-route-from-hanoi-to-singapore - news - VietJetAir.com - Enjoy Flying!". www.vietjetair.com.
  105. ^ "enjoy-free-flights-to-ho-chi-minh-city-on-vietjet-and-wow-gifts-every-day - news - VietJetAir.com - Enjoy Flying!". www.vietjetair.com.
  106. ^ a b "Vistara begins international service with Singapore launch in Aug 2019". Routesonline. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
  107. ^ Casey, David (21 July 2021). "ZIPAIR to open new international route". Routesonline. Informa Markets. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
  108. ^ "AirBridgeCargo Airlines debuts at Singapore Changi Airport with direct freighter flights from Moscow". Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  109. ^ "AirBridgeCargo is on its way developing services in Asia | Company news | Media Centre | AirBridgeCargo". airbridgecargo.com. Archived from the original on 12 July 2016.
  110. ^ "Schedule (28 March to 30 October 2021)". Air HongKong.
  111. ^ "ANA Cargo International Timetable & Connections" (PDF). ANA Cargo. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  112. ^ "Schedules by Route". www.asianacargo.com. Archived from the original on 9 February 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2019.
  113. ^ "Cardig Air Scheduled Timetable". Cardigair.com. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  114. ^ "Air Antilles flight 3S531". Flightradar24. Archived from the original on 31 January 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2019.
  115. ^ "2013 summer schedule". Aero Logic. Archived from the original on 8 August 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
  116. ^ "Polar Air Cargo Worldwide launches new freighter service to Singapore" (PDF). Changaiairportgroup.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  117. ^ "Emirates SkyCargo Freighter Operations get ready for DWC move". Emirates SkyCargo. 2 April 2014. Archived from the original on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
  118. ^ "Etihad Cargo Flight Schedule" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2014.
  119. ^ "Etihad Cargo operates Boeing 777F to Singapore" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2013.
  120. ^ "EVA Air flight BR6052". Flightradar24. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  121. ^ "EVA Air Cargo Flight Schedule" (PDF). evaair.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  122. ^ "FedEx Express Launches Sydney-Singapore Flight To Support Australian Business Growth". FedEx. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  123. ^ "Hong Kong Airlines Cargo". Archived from the original on 7 July 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  124. ^ a b "Operating Indicators for March 2020". Mynewsdesk. 17 April 2020.
  125. ^ a b Ting Wei, Toh (23 April 2020). "CAG eyes air cargo amid plunge in passenger flights". The Straits Times. Two cargo airlines, American carrier Kalitta Air and Chinese carrier Sichuan Airlines, have started flights from Changi this month.
  126. ^ Rachelle Harry (9 April 2021). "DHL Express adds B777F capacity between Asia Pacific, the US and Europe". Air Cargo News.
  127. ^ "Warszawa - Singapur - nowy kierunek LOT Cargo". pasazer.com. 24 June 2020. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  128. ^ "New Route From Surabaya to Singapore". My Indo Airlines. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  129. ^ "Neptune Air". neptuneair.com. Archived from the original on 9 June 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  130. ^ "Qatar Airways Cargo Announces Inclusion of Singapore on its Popular Transpacific Freighter Route". Qatar Airways. 16 July 2019.
  131. ^ "SF Airlines commences Hangzhou-Singapore service". CAPA. 28 August 2020.
  132. ^ "杭州开通首条至新加坡全货机航线-中国民航网". 中国民航网. 27 August 2020.
  133. ^ "Silk Way West Airlines flight 7L633". Flightradar24. Archived from the original on 24 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  134. ^ "Silk Way West Airlines flight 7L634". Flightradar24. Archived from the original on 24 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  135. ^ "Silk Way West Airlines flight 7L671". Flightradar24. Archived from the original on 26 January 2018. Retrieved 26 January 2018.
  136. ^ "Singapore Airlines Cargo to commence Singapore-Hanoi freighter service in Nov-2014". CAPA. 14 November 2014. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  137. ^ "Spicejet introduces scheduled freighter services to Singapore". Business Traveller. Business Traveller India. 25 February 2021.
  138. ^ "Tasman Cargo Airlines commences freighter services between Singapore and Australia". Changi Airport. 1 June 2021.
  139. ^ "Nanning-Singapore all-cargo air route put into operation". People's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. 23 June 2021.
  140. ^ "Flight history for Tri-MG Intra Asia Airlines flight GM501". Flightradar24. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  141. ^ "United to increase Guam flights next month; resumes more services globally". Pacific Daily News. 5 August 2020.
  142. ^ "Chinese express carrier YTO Cargo Airlines launches new services between Singapore and Hangzhou". Changi Airport Group. 2 November 2020.
  143. ^ "1980-1989 Singapore Changi Airport Passenger Movements". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  144. ^ a b "1986-1989 Singapore Changi Airport Airfreight movements 1". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  145. ^ a b "1986-1989 Singapore Changi Airport Airfreight movements 2". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  146. ^ "1990-1999 Singapore Changi Airport Passenger Movements". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  147. ^ "2000-2009 Singapore Changi Airport Passenger Movements". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  148. ^ "2000-2009 Singapore Changi Airport Airfreight movements 1". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  149. ^ "2000-2009 Singapore Changi Airport Airfreight movements 2". Department of Statistics, Singapore. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  150. ^ "2010 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 20 January 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  151. ^ "2011 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 20 January 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  152. ^ "2012 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 31 January 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  153. ^ "2013 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 28 January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  154. ^ "2014 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 29 January 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  155. ^ "2015 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". Changi Airport Group. 27 January 2016. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  156. ^ "2016 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". Changi Airport Group. 30 January 2017. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  157. ^ "2017 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". Changi Airport Group. 23 January 2018. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  158. ^ "Changi Airport crosses 65 million passenger mark in 2018". changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  159. ^ "Passenger, airfreight and aircraft movement statistics for 2019". Changi Airport Group. 31 January 2020. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  160. ^ "'Small fire' at Changi Airport T2 sparks evacuation, flight delays". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 16 May 2017.
  161. ^ "Changi Airport fire: About 40 flights affected by Terminal 2 closure". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  162. ^ Chin, Nigel (6 February 2018). "Korean plane taking part in Singapore Airshow crashes, catches fire at Changi Airport; flight delays expected". Channel NewsAsia. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 6 February 2018.
  163. ^ Abdullah, Zhaki (19 June 2019). "Unauthorised drones around Changi Airport delay 37 flights, affect operations of one runway". The Straits Times. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  164. ^ Wong, Lester (24 June 2019). "Drones, bad weather cause flight delays and diversions at Changi Airport on Monday". The Straits Times. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
  165. ^ "Transfer Between Terminals". changiairport.com. Skytrain. Archived from the original on 4 May 2018. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
  166. ^ "Transfer Between Terminals – Terminal 4 Shuttle Bus". www.changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 19 March 2018. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
  167. ^ "Singapore MRT (Metro)". UrbanRail.Net. Archived from the original on 1 May 2007. Retrieved 18 April 2007.
  168. ^ "LTA | News Room | News Releases | Land Transport Master Plan 2040: Bringing Singapore Together". www.lta.gov.sg. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  169. ^ "Shuttle Services". changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  170. ^ "Leaving the Airport | Taxi | Singapore Changi Airport". Changi Airport.
  171. ^ "Ground Transport Concierge | Singapore Changi Airport". Changi Airport.
  172. ^ "Leaving the Airport | Car | Singapore Changi Airport". Changi Airport.
  173. ^ "Pick-up Points | Singapore Changi Airport". Changi Airport.
  174. ^ "Car Rental | Singapore Changi Airport". Changi Airport.
  175. ^ "Changi Airport opens new connector linking to East Coast Park and the nationwide Park Connector Network". Changi Airport. 11 October 2020.
  176. ^ Lim, Ming Zhang (11 October 2020). "New cycling track from East Coast Park to Changi Airport opens, with life-sized dinosaur models along the way". The Straits Times.
  177. ^ Phua, Rachel (11 October 2020). "New 3.5km path linking Changi Airport and East Coast Park opens, featuring dinosaur exhibits". CNA.

Bibliography

  • Winchester, Clarence, ed. (1938), "Singapore's great airport", Wonders of World Aviation, pp. 128–130, illustrated description of the newly opened Singapore Airport
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Changi Airport.
Library resources about
Changi Airport

Media related to Singapore Changi Airport at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Changi_Airport&oldid=1035669559"