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Primo Carnera

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Primo Carnera
Carnera
Born(1906-10-26)26 October 1906
Died29 June 1967(1967-06-29) (aged 60)
Nationality
  • Italian
  • American
Other names
  • The Ambling Alp
  • The Gentle Giant
  • The Vast Venetian
Statistics
Weight(s)
Height6 ft 6 in (198 cm)
Reach85 in (216 cm)
StanceOrthodox
Boxing record
Total fights103
Wins89
Wins by KO72
Losses14
Draws0
No contests0

Primo Carnera (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpriːmo karˈnɛːra];[1] 26 October 1906 – 29 June 1967), nicknamed the Ambling Alp, was an Italian professional boxer and wrestler who reigned as the boxing World Heavyweight Champion from 29 June 1933 to 14 June 1934. He won more fights by knockout than any other heavyweight champion in boxing history.

Personal life

Carnera with family receiving dual citizenship in August 1953

Primo Carnera was born in Sequals, then in the Province of Udine, now in the Province of Pordenone, Friuli-Venezia Giulia at the north-easternmost corner of Italy.[2]

On 13 March 1939, Carnera married Giuseppina Kovačič (1913–1980), a post office clerk from Gorizia.[3] In 1953 they received dual citizenship. They settled in Los Angeles, where Carnera opened a restaurant and a liquor store. They had two children, Umberto and Giovanna Maria. Umberto became a medical doctor.[4]

Professional boxing career

Overview

Carnera was touted in America as being 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) tall, and thus the tallest heavyweight in history (up until that time), but he was actually 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) tall.[5] He fought at as much as 275 pounds (125 kg).[6] Jess Willard who stood 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) was the tallest world heavyweight champion in boxing history until Nikolai Valuev, at 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m) and 328 pounds (149 kg). Though an inch (2.5 cm) shorter than Willard, Carnera was around 40 lb (18 kg) heavier and was the heaviest champion in boxing history until Valuev.[7]

At a time when the average height in Italy was approximately 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) and in the United States 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m),[8] Carnera was considered a giant.

He enjoyed a sizable reach advantage over most rivals, and when seen on fight footage, he seems like a towering giant compared to many heavyweights of his era, who were usually at least 60 pounds (27 kg) lighter and 7 inches (18 cm) shorter. One publicity release about him read in part: "For breakfast, Primo has a quart of orange juice, two quarts of milk, nineteen pieces of toast, fourteen eggs, a loaf of bread and half a pound of Virginia ham."[9] His size earned him the nickname "The Ambling Alp".[10] Time magazine called him "The Monster".[11]

Primo Carnera silent newsreel 1933

Starting career

12 September 1928 was the date of Carnera's first professional fight, against Leon Sebilo, in Paris. Carnera won by knockout in round two.[12] He won his first six bouts, then lost to Franz Diener by disqualification in round one at Leipzig. Then, he won seven more bouts in a row before meeting Young Stribling. He and Stribling exchanged disqualification wins, Carnera winning the first in four rounds, and Stribling winning the rematch in round seven. In Carnera's next bout he avenged his defeat to Diener with a knockout in round six.[13]

In 1930, he moved to the United States, where he toured extensively, winning his first seventeen bouts there by knockout. George Godfrey broke the knockout streak in Philadelphia by losing to Carnera by disqualification in the fifth round.[14] In 1932, Carnera faced the tallest heavyweight in history up to that point, Santa Camarão, a 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) Portuguese fighter. Carnera won the fight in a sixth-round knockout.[15]

Carnera training c. 1934

On 10 February 1933, he knocked out Ernie Schaaf in thirteen rounds in New York City. Schaaf died four days later.[16] Schaaf had suffered a severe beating and knockout in a bout with future heavyweight champion Max Baer six months earlier, on 31 August 1932. Furthermore, an autopsy revealed that Schaaf had meningitis, a swelling of the brain, and was still recovering from a severe case of influenza when he entered the ring with Carnera.[17][18]

World Heavyweight Champion

For his next fight, Carnera faced the world heavyweight champion, Jack Sharkey, on June 29, at the Madison Square Garden Bowl in Queens, New York. Carnera became world champion by knocking out Sharkey in round six.[19]

He retained the title against Paulino Uzcudun and Tommy Loughran, both by decision in 15 rounds, but in his next fight on 14 June 1934 against Max Baer, Carnera was knocked down multiple times in 11 rounds, before referee Arthur Donovon stopped the fight. There is disagreement regarding how many times Carnera was knocked down, with sources giving conflicting totals of 7, 10, 11 (per Associated Press) and 12 (per The Ring magazine founder Nat Fleischer, ringside for the fight, who wrote that Carnera was knocked down 12 times and slipped once after a missed punch).[20]

After defeat

After that, Carnera won his next four fights, three of them as part of a South American tour that took him to Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay, as well as two exhibitions fought on the South American continent. But then, on 25 June 1935, he was knocked out in six rounds by Joe Louis.

For the next two and a half years, he won five and lost three of eight total fights. But in 1938, Carnera, a diabetic, had to have a kidney removed, which forced him into retirement by 1944.[3] Carnera's record was 89 wins and 14 losses. His 72 wins by knockout made him a member of the exclusive club of boxers that won 50 or more bouts by knockout.

Carnera died in 1967 in his native town of a combination of liver disease and complications from diabetes.[21]

Legacy in boxing

Carnera was the third European to hold the world heavyweight championship after Bob Fitzsimmons and Max Schmeling. He would be the last until Ingemar Johansson claimed the title against Floyd Patterson in 1959, over a quarter of a century later.

Carnera was also the first boxer to win the European Heavyweight title and subsequently become World Heavyweight champion.

Carnera's 1933 title defense against Tommy Loughran held the record for the greatest weight differential between two combatants in a world title fight (86 lb or 39 kg)[22] for 73 years until the reign of Nikolai Valuev, who owns the current record for the 105+12 lb (47.9 kg) weight advantage he held in his 2006 defense against Monte Barrett.

Valuev also broke Carnera's record of 270 lb (120 kg) to become the heaviest world champion in history, weighing as high as 328 lb (149 kg) during his reign. Carnera still ranks as the fourth-heaviest, behind Valuev, Tyson Fury and Andy Ruiz Jr., over eighty years after he held the title.[7]

Carnera's 1933 title defense against Paulino Uzcudun in Italy was the first Heavyweight title fight to be held in Europe since Jack Johnson's title defence against Frank Moran in Paris in 1913. It would be the last such occasion until Muhammad Ali defended the title against Henry Cooper in London in 1966. Carnera-Uzcudun was the first World Heavyweight championship fight to be contested between two Europeans. It would be another sixty years, when Lennox Lewis defended the WBC heavyweight title against fellow-Englishman Frank Bruno in 1993, that this would occur again.

Trailing only Ezzard Charles's 95 wins, Carnera holds the second-most victories of all heavyweight champions with 89. Carnera's 72 career knockouts is the most of any world heavyweight champion.[23]

Acting career

Carnera and Audrey Dalton in Casanova's Big Night (1954)

Carnera appeared in a short film in 1931. During his tenure as world champion he played a fictional version of himself in the 1933 film The Prizefighter and the Lady starring Max Baer and Myrna Loy. Here he plays the heavyweight champion who barely holds onto his title with a draw decision after a furious fight with Baer. The film was made just a year before Carnera fought Baer for real, in a bout that was as wild as the film version, but ended with a knockout loss for Carnera.[24]

Carnera had a bit part in the 1949 movie Mighty Joe Young.[24] He played himself in the tug-of-war scene with the giant gorilla. After being pulled by the ape into a pool of water, Carnera throws a couple of futile punches to Joe's chin.

He also played a bully boy wrestler in Carol Reed's film A Kid for Two Farthings (1955) based around London's Petticoat Lane Market where he has a match against a local bodybuilder who is marrying Diana Dors.

Primo appeared in at least ten Italian films between 1939 and 1943,[25] as well as several in the 1950s, like Prince Valiant,[26] in the role of Sligon. His last screen role was as the giant Antaeus alongside Steve Reeves in Hercules Unchained (USA title, filmed in Italy, 1959, original title Ercole e la regina di Lidia).[27]

Professional wrestling career

In 1945 he temporarily returned to boxing and won two fights. But the next year, after three losses against Luigi Musina his talent for wrestling was discovered. In 1946 he became a professional wrestler and was immediately a huge success at the box office. For several years he was one of the top draws in wrestling. Carnera continued to be an attraction into the 1960s. Max Baer attended at least one of Carnera's wrestling matches.[28]

Carnera won his debut on 22 August 1946, when he defeated Tommy O'Toole in California. On 23 October 1946, Carnera won his 41st consecutive wrestling match by defeating Jules Strongbow.[29] On 19 November 1946, Carnera beat Harry Kruskamp to remain undefeated at 65-0-0.Primo Carnera went 120 straight wrestling matches undefeated (119-0-1) before suffering his first loss to Yvon Robert in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on 20 August 1947. Carnera's greatest victory took place on 7 December 1947 when he defeated former world heavyweight champion Ed "Strangler" Lewis.

In May 1948, Carnera took a 143-1-1 record against world heavyweight champion Lou Thesz. Thesz defeated Carnera in a world title defense.

Mob accusations

Carnera in 1955

According to boxing historian Herbert Goldman, Carnera was "very much mob controlled."[30] Carnera met his first serious heavyweight contender, Young Stribling, in 1929, and won when Stribling fouled him. In a rematch, he fouled Stribling. His 1930 fight against California club fighter Bombo Chevalier in Emeryville was considered fixed, and Carnera was banned from fighting in California.[31] His 1930 match against George Godfrey was controversial, as Godfrey was disqualified in the sixth round when he was clearly getting the better of Carnera.[32]

Time magazine, in a 5 October 1931 cover story on Carnera before he won the heavyweight title, commented on his odd career:[33]

Since his arrival in the US, backed by a group of prosperous but shady entrepreneurs, Carnera's career has been less glorious than fantastic. His first opponents—Big Boy Peterson, Elzear Rioux, Cowboy Owens—were known to be incompetent but their feeble opposition to Carnera suggested that they had been bribed to lose. Suspicion concerning the Monster's abilities became almost universal when another adversary, Bombo Chevalier, stated that one of his own seconds had threatened to kill him unless he lost to Carnera. Against the huge, lazy, amiable Negro George Godfrey (249 lb), he won on a foul. But only one of 33 US opponents has defeated Monster Carnera—fat, slovenly Jimmy Maloney, whom Sharkey beat five years ago. In a return fight, at Miami last March, Carnera managed to outpoint Maloney.

Carnera holding a reporter for a close-up shot in 1933

In film

Requiem for a Heavyweight, Rod Serling's 1956 Emmy Award-winning teleplay for Playhouse 90 directed by Ralph Nelson (who also won an Emmy), focused on down-and-out former heavyweight boxer Harlan "Mountain" McClintock. The travails of McClintock, who was played by Jack Palance (Sean Connery played the part on British television and Anthony Quinn essayed the role in the 1962 film), was thought by many boxing fans to resemble Carnera's life.[34]

In 1947, fighting aficionado Budd Schulberg wrote The Harder They Fall, a novel about a giant boxer whose fights are fixed. It was adapted into Mark Robson's 1956 film, which starred Humphrey Bogart and Rod Steiger. A highlight was the appearance of Max Baer, playing a fighter the mob could not fix who destroys the giant in his first fair fight. Critics drew parallels with the real-life Baer-Carnera fight two decades before. In response, Carnera unsuccessfully sued the film's company.

Carnera played himself in the 1949 movie Mighty Joe Young.

Carnera was played by Matthew G. Taylor in the 2005 film Cinderella Man, a film about the life of fellow boxer James J. Braddock.

In 2008, the actor Andrea Iaia played Carnera in the Italian biographical film Carnera: The Walking Mountain, directed by Renzo Martinelli.

In 2013, Emporio Elaborazioni Meccaniche named a motorbike, the 1983 BMW R80RT Carnera, in honor of Carnera.[35]

In comics

In 1947, Carnera, an Italian comic book series sporting a fictional version of Primo Carnera, was produced.[36] In 1953, it was translated into German.[37] A facsimile version was published in 2010.[38]

Another popular Italian comic character, Dick Fulmine, was graphically inspired by Carnera.[36]

In literature

Carnera is mentioned by Bertie Wooster in the 1934 novel Right Ho, Jeeves, by P.G. Wodehouse on p. 234.

In his 1933 collection of short stories Mulliner Nights, Wodehouse described one character as follows: "He was built on large lines, and seemed to fill the room to overflowing. In physique he was not unlike what Primo Carnera would have been if Carnera hadn't stunted his growth by smoking cigarettes when a boy."[39]

Carrera's fight with Walter Neusel is described in One-storied America by Soviet authors Ilf and Petrov (1937).

Carnera is mentioned by Julian “Digger” Burroughs in the 1982 novel Lucifer’s Weekend, by Warren Murphy on p. 81. [40]

In music

Carnera is mentioned in Cambalache, a 1934 tango song by Enrique Santos Discépolo that was featured in the musical drama film The Soul of the Accordion.

The Yeasayer song Ambling Alp, from their 2010 album Odd Blood references Carnera by his nickname in the title and second verse. Both Carnera and German boxer Max Schmeling are referenced for their bouts with American Joe Louis.

Professional boxing record

103 fights 89 wins 14 losses
By knockout 72 5
By decision 15 7
By disqualification 2 2
No. Result Record Opponent Type Round, time Date Location Notes
103 Loss 89–14 Italy Luigi Musina UD 10 19 May 1946 Italy Gorizia, Italy
102 Loss 89–13 Italy Luigi Musina PTS 8 19 Mar 1946 Italy Trieste, Italy
101 Loss 89–12 Italy Luigi Musina TKO 7 (8) 21 Nov 1945 Italy Milan, Italy
100 Win 89–11 United States Sam Gardner KO 1 (4) 25 Sep 1945 Italy San Sabba Stadium, Trieste, Italy
99 Win 88–11 Italy Michel Blevens KO 3 (4) 22 Jul 1945 Italy Moretti Stadium, Udine, Italy
98 Win 87–11 Croatia Josip Zupan KO 2 (10) 4 Dec 1937 Hungary Budapest Zirkus, Budapest, Hungary
97 Loss 86–11 France Albert Di Meglio PTS 10 18 Nov 1937 France Salle Wagram, Paris, France
96 Loss 86–10 United States Leroy Haynes TKO 9 (10), 0:40 27 May 1936 United States Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
95 Loss 86–9 United States Leroy Haynes TKO 3 (10), 0:53 16 Mar 1936 United States Philadelphia Arena, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
94 Win 86–8 Spain Isidoro Gastanaga TKO 5 (10) 6 Mar 1936 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
93 Win 85–8 United States Big Boy Brackey TKO 4 (10), 1:06 9 Dec 1935 United States Broadway Auditorium, Buffalo, New York, U.S.
92 Win 84–8 United States Ford Smith UD 10 25 Nov 1935 United States Philadelphia Arena, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
91 Win 83–8 Germany Walter Neusel TKO 4 (10), 2:23 1 Nov 1935 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
90 Loss 82–8 United States Joe Louis TKO 6 (15), 2:32 25 Jun 1935 United States Yankee Stadium, Bronx, New York, U.S.
89 Win 82–7 United States Ray Impelletiere TKO 9 (10), 0:38 15 Mar 1935 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
88 Win 81–7 Estonia Erwin Klausner KO 6 (12) 22 Jan 1935 Brazil Estádio das Laranjeiras, Río de Janeiro, Brazil
87 Win 80–7 United States Seal Harris KO 7 (10) 13 Jan 1935 Brazil Estádio da Floresta, Sao Paulo, Brazil
86 Win 79–7 Argentina Victorio Campolo PTS 12 1 Dec 1934 Argentina Club Atletico Independiente, Buenos Aires, Argentina
85 Loss 78–7 United States Max Baer TKO 11 (15), 2:16 14 Jun 1934 United States Madison Square Garden Bowl, Queens, New York, U.S. Lost NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring heavyweight titles
84 Win 78–6 United States Tommy Loughran UD 15 1 Mar 1934 United States Madison Square Garden Stadium, Miami, Florida, U.S. Retained NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring heavyweight titles
83 Win 77–6 Spain Paulino Uzcudun UD 15 22 Oct 1933 Italy Piazza di Siena, Rome, Italy Retained The Ring heavyweight title;
Won European and IBU heavyweight titles
82 Win 76–6 United States Jack Sharkey KO 6 (15), 2:27 29 Jun 1933 United States Madison Square Garden Bowl, Queens, New York, U.S. Won NYSAC, NBA, and The Ring heavyweight titles
81 Win 75–6 United States Ernie Schaaf KO 13 (15), 0:51 10 Feb 1933 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
80 Win 74–6 United States Young Spence KO 1 (10) 30 Dec 1932 United States Fair Park Arena, Dallas, Texas, U.S.
79 Win 73–6 United States James Merriott KO 1 (10) 20 Dec 1932 United States City Auditorium, Galveston, Texas, U.S.
78 Win 72–6 United States Joe Rice KO 2 (10) 19 Dec 1932 United States Northside Coliseum, Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.
77 Win 71–6 United States KO Christner KO 4 (10) 15 Dec 1932 United States City Auditorium, Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.
76 Win 70–6 United States Big Boy Peterson TKO 2 (10) 13 Dec 1932 United States Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.
75 Win 69–6 United States King Levinsky SD 10 9 Dec 1932 United States Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
74 Win 68–6 United States John Schwake KO 7 (10), 2:16 2 Dec 1932 United States St. Louis Coliseum, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
73 Win 67–6 Portugal José Santa TKO 6 (10) 18 Nov 1932 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
72 Win 66–6 United States Les Kennedy KO 3 (10) 4 Nov 1932 United States Boston Arena, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
71 Win 65–6 United States Jack Taylor KO 2 (10), 1:59 17 Oct 1932 United States Jefferson County Armory, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
70 Win 64–6 United States Gene Stanton KO 6 (10) 13 Oct 1932 United States 114th Infantry Armory, Camden, New Jersey, U.S.
69 Win 63–6 United States Ted Sandwina KO 4 (10) 7 Oct 1932 United States Benjamin Field Arena, Tampa, Florida, U.S.
68 Win 62–6 United States Art Lasky NWS 10 1 Sep 1932 United States St. Paul Auditorium, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.
67 Win 61–6 Canada Jack Gagnon KO 1 (10), 1:35 19 Aug 1932 United States Mark's Stadium, North Tiverton, Rhode Island, U.S.
66 Loss 60–6 United States Stanley Poreda PTS 10 16 Aug 1932 United States Dreamland Park, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
65 Win 60–5 Germany Hans Birkie UD 10 2 Aug 1932 United States Queensboro Stadium, Long Island City, New York, U.S
64 Win 59–5 United States Jerry Pavelec TKO 5 (10), 0:51 28 Jul 1932 United States Playgrounds Stadium, West New York, New Jersey, U.S
63 Win 58–5 United States Jack Gross TKO 7 (10), 2:50 20 Jul 1932 United States Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
62 Loss 57–5 Canada Larry Gains PTS 10 30 May 1932 United Kingdom White City Stadium, London, England
61 Win 57–4 Germany Hans Schönrath TKO 3 (10) 15 May 1932 Italy Stadio San Siro, Milan, Italy
60 Win 56–4 France Maurice Griselle TKO 10 (10) 30 Apr 1932 France Palais des Sports, Paris, France
59 Win 55–4 South Africa Don McCorkindale PTS 10 7 Apr 1932 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England
58 Win 54–4 Australia George Cook KO 4 (10) 23 Mar 1932 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England
57 Win 53–4 Belgium Pierre Charles PTS 10 29 Feb 1932 France Palais des Sports, Paris, France
56 Win 52–4 Germany Ernst Gühring TKO 5 (10) 5 Feb 1932 Germany Berlin Sportpalast, Berlin, Germany
55 Win 51–4 France Moise Bouquillon TKO 2 (10) 25 Jan 1932 France Palais des Sports, Paris, France
54 Win 50–4 Argentina Victorio Campolo KO 2 (15), 1:27 27 Nov 1931 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
53 Win 49–4 United States King Levinsky UD 10 19 Nov 1931 United States Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
52 Loss 48–4 United States Jack Sharkey UD 15 12 Oct 1931 United States Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York, U.S. For American heavyweight title
51 Win 48–3 Italy Armando De Carolis KO 2 (10), 1:08 6 Aug 1931 United States Shellpot Park, Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.
50 Win 47–3 Italy Roberto Roberti TKO 3 (10), 2:25 4 Aug 1931 United States Dreamland Park, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
49 Win 46–3 Denmark Knute Hansen KO 1 (10), 2:10 24 Jul 1931 Canada Edgerton Park Arena, Rochester, New York, U.S.
48 Win 45–3 United States Bud Gorman KO 2 (10), 2:35 30 Jun 1931 Canada Arena Gardens, Toronto, Ontario Canada
47 Win 44–3 Italy Umberto Torriani KO 2 (10), 0:43 26 Jun 1931 United States Broadway Auditorium, Buffalo, New York, U.S.
46 Win 43–3 Republic of Ireland Pat Redmond KO 1 (10), 2:24 15 Jun 1931 United States Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
45 Win 42–3 United States Jim Maloney PTS 10 5 Mar 1931 United States Madison Square Garden Stadium, Miami, Florida, U.S.
44 Win 41–3 United Kingdom Reggie Meen TKO 2 (6) 18 Dec 1930 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England
43 Win 40–3 Spain Paulino Uzcudun SD 10 30 Nov 1930 Spain Estadio Olímpico de Montjuïc, Barcelona, Spain
42 Loss 39–3 United States Jim Maloney PTS 10 7 Oct 1930 United States Boston Garden, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
41 Win 39–2 United States Jack Gross KO 4 (10) 17 Sep 1930 United States Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
40 Win 38–2 United States Pat McCarthy TKO 2 (10), 1:16 8 Sep 1930 United States Newark Velodrome, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
39 Win 37–2 Italy Riccardo Bertazzolo TKO 3 (15) 30 Aug 1930 United States Atlantic City Auditorium, Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
38 Win 36–2 Australia George Cook KO 2 (10), 1:44 29 Jul 1930 United States Taylor Bowl, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.
37 Win 35–2 United States Bearcat Wright KO 4 (10), 1:13 17 Jul 1930 United States League Park, Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.
36 Win 34–2 United States George Godfrey DQ 5 (10), 1:13 23 Jun 1930 United States Shibe Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
35 Win 33–2 United States KO Christner KO 4 (10), 1:20 5 Jun 1930 United States Michigan State Fairgrounds Coliseum, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
34 Win 32–2 United States Sam Baker KO 1 (10) 22 Apr 1930 United States Portland Ice Hippodrome, Portland, Oregon, U.S.
33 Win 31–2 United States Leon Chevalier TKO 6 (10) 14 Apr 1930 United States Oakland Baseball Park, Emeryville, California, U.S.
32 Win 30–2 United States Neil Clisby KO 2 (10), 0:40 8 Apr 1930 United States Olympic Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
31 Win 29–2 United States Jack McAuliffe II KO 1 (10), 2:18 28 Mar 1930 United States Stockyards Stadium, Denver, Colorado, U.S.
30 Win 28–2 United States George Trafton KO 1 (10), 0:54 26 Mar 1930 United States Convention Hall, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.
29 Win 27–2 United States Frank Zaveta KO 1 (10), 1:51 20 Mar 1930 United States Jacksonville, Florida, U.S.
28 Win 26–2 United States Chuck Wiggins KO 2 (10) 17 Mar 1930 United States St. Louis Arena, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
27 Win 25–2 United States Sully Montgomery KO 2 (10), 1:15 11 Mar 1930 United States Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
26 Win 24–2 United States Roy Clark KO 6 (10), 2:38 3 Mar 1930 United States Philadelphia Arena, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
25 Win 23–2 United States Farmer Lodge KO 2 (10), 1:22 24 Feb 1930 United States Heinemann Park, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
24 Win 22–2 Sweden Johnny Erickson KO 2 (10), 1:45 17 Feb 1930 United States Coliseum, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.
23 Win 21–2 United States Jim Sigman KO 1 (8), 1:35 14 Feb 1930 United States Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.
22 Win 20–2 United States Buster Martin KO 2 (10), 0:56 11 Feb 1930 United States St. Louis Arena, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
21 Win 19–2 United States Cowboy Billy Owens KO 2 (10), 2:22 6 Feb 1930 United States 113th Regiment Armory, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
20 Win 18–2 Canada Elzear Rioux KO 1 (10), 0:47 31 Jan 1930 United States Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
19 Win 17–2 United States Big Boy Peterson KO 1 (10), 1:10 24 Jan 1930 United States Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
18 Win 16–2 Germany Franz Diener TKO 6 (15) 17 Dec 1929 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England
17 Loss 15–2 United States Young Stribling DQ 7 (10) 7 Dec 1929 France Vélodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France
16 Win 15–1 United States Young Stribling DQ 4 (15) 18 Nov 1929 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England
15 Win 14–1 United Kingdom Jack Stanley TKO 1 (8) 17 Oct 1929 United Kingdom Royal Albert Hall, London, England
14 Win 13–1 Germany Hermann Jaspers KO 3 (10) 18 Sep 1929 France Salle Wagram, Paris, France
13 Win 12–1 France Feodor Nikolaeff KO 1 (10) 30 Aug 1929 France Garage de Normandie, Dieppe, France
12 Win 11–1 France Joe Thomas TKO 4 (10) 25 Aug 1929 France Arènes du Rond-Point du Prado, Marseille, France
11 Win 10–1 Spain Jose Lete UD 10 14 Aug 1929 Spain Estadio Municipal de Atocha, San Sebastián, Spain
10 Win 9–1 Belgium Jack Humbeeck TKO 6 (10) 26 Jun 1929 France Salle Wagram, Paris, France
9 Win 8–1 France Marcel Nilles TKO 3 (10) 30 May 1929 France Cirque de Paris, Paris, France
8 Win 7–1 France Moise Bouquillon PTS 10 22 May 1929 France Salle Wagram, Paris, France
7 Loss 6–1 Germany Franz Diener DQ 1 (10) 28 Apr 1929 Germany Messehalle, Leipzig, Germany
6 Win 6–0 Germany Ernst Roesemann TKO 5 (8) 18 Jan 1929 Germany Berlin Sportpalast, Berlin, Germany
5 Win 5–0 France Constant Barrick KO 3 (10) 1 Dec 1928 France Vélodrome d'Hiver, Paris, France
4 Win 4–0 Argentina Epifanio Islas UD 10 25 Nov 1928 Italy Palazzo dello Sport, Milan, Italy
3 Win 3–0 Italy Salvatore Ruggirello TKO 4 (10) 30 Oct 1928 France Cirque de Paris, Paris, France
2 Win 2–0 France Joe Thomas KO 3 (10) 25 Sep 1928 France Cirque de Paris, Paris, France
1 Win 1–0 France Leon Sebilo TKO 2 (10) 12 Sep 1928 France Salle Wagram, Paris, France

Championships and accomplishments

Boxing

Professional wrestling

See also

References

  1. ^ Luciano Canepari. "Carnera". DiPI Online (in Italian). Retrieved 13 January 2021.
  2. ^ Page 2010, p. 5.
  3. ^ a b Page 2010, p. 179.
  4. ^ Page 2010, p. 212.
  5. ^ "Primo Carnera – Boxrec Boxing Encyclopaedia". Boxrec.com. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  6. ^ "Cyber Boxing Zone -- Primo Carnera".
  7. ^ a b Page 2010, p. 209.
  8. ^ Steckel, Richard H. "A History of the Standard of Living in the United States". Retrieved 20 March 2015.
  9. ^ Schaap, Jeremy (April 2006). Cinderella Man: James J. Braddock, Max Baer, and the Greatest Upset in ... – Jeremy Schaap – Google Boeken. ISBN 0618711902. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  10. ^ Page 2010, p. 3.
  11. ^ Page 2010, p. 137.
  12. ^ Page 2010, p. 11-12.
  13. ^ Page 2010, p. 22.
  14. ^ Page 2010, p. 52.
  15. ^ Page 2010, p. 93-94.
  16. ^ Page 2010, p. 100.
  17. ^ Johnson, Catherine (2007). "FAQs". www.maxbaer.org. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  18. ^ Hunnicutt, Michael (5 April 2005). "Max Baer and the Death of Ernie Schaaf". International Boxing Research Organization. Archived from the original on 19 April 2007. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  19. ^ Page 2010, p. 117.
  20. ^ "Primo Carnera vs. Max Baer– Boxrec Boxing Encyclopaedia". Boxrec.com. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  21. ^ Page 2010, p. 7, 214.
  22. ^ "TOMMY LOUGHRAN DIES AT 79". The New York Times. 10 July 1982. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  23. ^ "All-Time List: Most Career KOs By a Heavyweight Champ". Boxing Scene. 3 March 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
  24. ^ a b Page 2010, p. 189.
  25. ^ "Primo Carnera".
  26. ^ "Prince Valiant". 5 April 1954 – via IMDb.
  27. ^ "Hercules Unchained". 13 July 1960 – via IMDb.
  28. ^ "The Strange Case of Carnera, By Jack Sher, Sport, February 1948". Archived from the original on 5 January 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2010.
  29. ^ Page 2010, p. 187.
  30. ^ Bodner, Alan (1997). When Boxing Was a Jewish Sport. Praeger Publishers. p. 133. ISBN 978-0275953539.
  31. ^ Johnston, Chuck. "Famous 'fixes' in boxing history..." BoxRec. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
  32. ^ "Primo Carnera vs. George Godfrey". BoxingRec. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
  33. ^ "TIME Magazine Cover: Primo Carnera - Oct. 5, 1931". Time. 5 October 1931. Archived from the original on 6 April 2008. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
  34. ^ Donelson, Tom; Lotierzo, Frank (2004). More Tales From Ringside. iUniverse. p. 125. ISBN 0-595-30588-1.
  35. ^ Holly (3 August 2013). "The Carnera by Emporio Elaborazioni Meccaniche".
  36. ^ a b Maria Grazia Perini. "Carnera". Enciclopedia Mondiale del Fumetto. Editoriale Corno, 1978. p.238.
  37. ^ "Primo Carnera". Retrieved 27 October 2014. Auch als Comicheld hatte Carnera "Karriere" gemacht: Von 1953 bis 1954 erschien im Walter Lehning Verlag, Hannover, mit insgesamt 46 Heften die (ursprünglich aus Italien stammende) Piccolo-Serie "CARNERA"
  38. ^ "Primo Carnera". Retrieved 27 October 2014. Die Carnera-Beilage in der "Sprechblase"
  39. ^ Sherrin, Ned (Ed.), The Oxford Dictionary of Humorous Quotations, Oxford University Press, 2012.
  40. ^ Murphy, Warren, Lucifer’s Weekend, Pocket Books, 1982.

Bibliography

Achievements
Preceded by World Heavyweight Champion
29 June 1933 – 14 June 1934
Succeeded by