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Tong Zeng

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Tong Zeng (Chinese name: 童增，born June 3, 1956), Chinese scholar, social activist, chairman of China Federation of Demanding Compensation from Japan, and chairman of Zhongxiang Investment Co., Ltd.

File:Tong Zeng (in Beijing) was answering questions from Hong Kong media about the Japanese bombing of Chongqing 65 years ago. (5 June 2006).jpg
Tong Zeng (in Beijing) was answering questions from Hong Kong media about the Japanese bombing of Chongqing 65 years ago. (5 June 2006)

Tong Zeng wrote a paper in 1990, which triggered a civil movement to safeguard the dignity and rights of victims of World War II.[1][2][3] Tong Zeng was suppressed by the Chinese government in the early stages.[4] In the Asian Human Rights Watch (Page 14, items 14–16) published by Human Rights Watch(HRW) in 1994 and the China human rights report (Part I, Section D) published by the US State Department in 1996, both mentioned that Tong Zeng was unfairly treated.[5][6][7] but, He had persisted in exposing the truth about various war atrocities and anti-humanity crimes for more than 30 years. He has been fighting for justice for the forgotten war victims.[8][9] He gradually moved Chinese officialdom, and occasionally received official Chinese media coverage. He was nominated as a Nobel Peace Prize candidate for the first time in 2015.Tong Zeng's efforts have contributed to the opportunity for the two nations with deep grievances to face up to history and contributed to keeping the two countries away from war and promoting peace. This also coincides with the primary objective of the Nobel Peace Prize, which is to "promote the unity between the two countries".[10] [11] In 2017, Tong Zeng and Japanese lawyer Onodera Toshitaka were nominated as candidates for the Nobel Peace Prize.[12][13] In 2019, Henrik Urdal, Norwegian political scientist and the current director of the Peace Research Institute Oslo(PRIO) independently predicted the "5-person shortlist" for the Nobel Peace Prize that year. In addition, a long list of predictions was attached. Tong Zeng's name appeared the fifth, and US President Donald Trump was the third.[14]

Tong Zeng was also the first to question the "Human Genome Project". In 1998, he publicly opposed the collection of blood samples of the elderly in China by some institutions in both China and the United States for the so-called purpose of studying the model and analysis of the mortality of the elderly. American Science Weekly reported on this matter,[15] and Gale Onefile,[16] ProQuest of Cambridge Information Group,[17] The National Institutes of Health (NIH),[18] Vdocuments,[19] etc.,reprinted it. In 2003, Tong Zeng published the book "The Last Line of Defense", in which he proposed that "SARS might be produced in a laboratory or a genetic weapon aimed at the Chinese". In the preface of the book, Tong Zeng wrote: "Though the cause of the SARS virus has not been found, this book gives people a new thinking." The China Youth Daily firstly reported on it, and [20][21] The Associated Press also reported on it. Follow up the report,[22] the book can be found on Amazon.[23] On July 6, 2019, Tong Zeng wrote to suggest that the United Nations should learn from the historical lessons of Albert Einstein and other scientists who failed to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons after the war, and must prevent the militarization and weapons of biological genetic research in some countries. It is urgent to formulate international conventions to regulate their behavior and prohibit the use of human genetic resources to develop and manufacture biological and chemical weapons and genetic weapons. At the end of 2019, when the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, Tong Zeng not only raised his concern to the Chinese government that the virus may be originated from laboratories, but also sent a letter to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the World Health Organization，asking them to conduct thorough inspections all biological, viral, and genetic laboratories around the world.[24] On March 18, 2020, Tong Zeng started a petition on a well-known international website to require UN agencies to thoroughly inspect the biological, virus, and genetic laboratories of the five permanent members states of the UN. He has obtained more than 10,000 signatures' support.[25] On October 5, 2020, through the Facebook platform, Tong Zeng called on more than 50 countries around the world to submit a motion to the United Nations to verify the biological, virus, and genetic laboratories of the five permanent member states.[26]

Early life

Tong Zeng's father, Tong Qiangmeng, graduated from the mechanical department of Chongqing University in 1956. His mother, Mu Huifang, graduated from accounting at a technical secondary school. Tong Zeng was born in Chongqing, China on June 3, 1956. When he was just one year old, his father was assigned to work in a factory after graduating from college. Then during the first year, he was sent to a labor camp for three years because of expressing opinions different from the government. Three years later, he was assigned manual labor for 19 years. Chen Zongshun (pseudonym: Liu Bai), a Chinese biographer, has published four books about Tong Zeng over the past 20 years, three of which record Tong Zeng's early life.,[27][28][29][30][31] In particular, the book "Tong Zeng: the hero of our times" published in Hong Kong in 2015 is still on the sales list of the publishing house.[32] Chinese freelance writer Guan Mingqiang wrote a long documentary report on Tong Zeng in 1998, which also detailed his early life.,[33] In these works, Tong Zeng's early life is written in detail. Tong Zeng's childhood was greatly influenced by his grandfather. He sat next to his grandfather every night and listened to the old man teaching Chinese history. At the age of 10, Tong Zeng's cherished "History Book Series" was torn up by the people sent by the local government. After they left, Tong Zeng shed tears and hid the broken pages under his bed. He waited until the night came, then put these pages together to read.

Tong Zeng was deprived of his right to go to high school when he graduated from junior high school due to political reasons related to his father. In order to continue his studies, he went to a cousin's house far away from Chongqing, begged her for help, and became a temporary "student" in the middle school where she taught. In order to gain the goodwill of the school, Tong Zeng had to do heavy physical labor besides studying. For the first time, he carried coal for the school. He went over mountains and ridges. There were 50 catties of coal in the basket, and only 20 catties were left when he arrived at the school. Later, Tong Zeng finally entered high school.

After graduating from high school, 19-year-old Tong Zeng went to the countryside to work in agriculture and opened up wasteland to grow tea, like many of his peers in China at the time, but he has not forgotten to read and study. One day, the cadres of the township government confiscated the ancient Chinese book "Three Hundred Tang Poems" placed beside the pillow on Tong Zeng's bed. Because the book was relatively old and yellow, they mistakenly regarded it as an ancient "pornographic book". Tong Zeng became anxious and chased down the mountain, from the top of the mountain to the bottom of it along the path, explaining that it was not a "pornographic book" but an ancient Chinese poetry book. When the township cadre was having lunch in the village, Tong Zeng took the opportunity, grabbed the book in his hand, and ran...[34]

At the age of 21, Tong Zeng taught temporarily in local rural elementary schools and middle schools, teaching Chinese, history, geography, and other courses.

At the age of 22, he was admitted to Sichuan University in China, and studied economics there. In 1982, he was assigned to teach at the Beijing Industry Management Institute. In 1985, he signed up for the international law professional examination for overseas graduate students funded by a Hong Kong foundation, but was not admitted. In 1986, he was admitted to Peking University for a master's degree in law.[35]

Since 1987, Tong Zeng has published several articles in various Chinese newspapers. He once proposed the " the theory of the new period", and put forward four major civilizations: "spiritual civilization", "material civilization", "environmental civilization" and "institutional civilization". Among them, he mentioned environmental protection to civilization construction for the first time.[36][37] Tong Zeng wrote "Where is the World Going" with his peers in 1989, in which he specifically discussed the development trends of poverty and hunger, military competitions, population crisis, lack of resources, and environmental degradation.[38][39]

Activism

The origin of China Federation of Demanding Compensation from Japan

After the end of World War II, Germany was divided into two until 1990, when East and West Germany achieved unification. East and West Germany successfully signed the “Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany” with the four victorious nations of Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union. The treaty ensured the unity and sovereignty of Germany, but there was no war compensation mentioned in this document. On April 17, 1990, China's "Newspaper Digest" published a 300-word translated essay, "Europe revisited war reparations". This did not attract the attention of the international community. However, it attracted the attention of a China teacher. This teacher was Tong Zeng, who was 34 years old. Tong Zeng wrote an essay--"The Enlightenment of Europe Revisiting War Reparations for China", which was later revised to "China Demands Japan's Compensation for War Victims without Delay",[40] which was sent to China's National People's Congress in March 1991. Media from Hong Kong and Japan reported on it.[41] For the first time, Tong Zeng distinguished "war compensation" from "civil compensation", and he was the first person to propose that "Chinese civilian victims have the right to claim compensation from the Japanese government and enterprises", raising the issue of protecting the human rights of war victims to a theoretical level. It laid the legal foundation for the Chinese people to demand compensation from Japan. At the same time, a large number of volunteers gathered around Tong Zeng to start the movement of demanding compensation from Japan.[42][43] At the end of 1992, according to the AP, the ChicagoTribune and other reports, Tong Zeng had been supported by 300000 signatures.[44][45][46] Tong Zeng was credited to be the first Chinese citizen to ask for compensation from Japan for its war crimes during World War II.

The awakening of the victims of World War II

On August 7, 1991, Tong Zeng and 108 Chinese citizens submitted letters to Japanese Prime Minister Toshiki Kaifu who was visiting China, demanding that Japan apologize and compensate the Chinese for the losses caused by the invasion of China in World War II. This is a post-war period. For the first time, the Chinese people asked the Japanese government to apologize and compensate for the war crimes of World War II.[47] On January 8, 1992, South Korean comfort women demonstrated for the first time at the entrance of the Japanese Embassy in South Korea and filed a claim for compensation.[48] Subsequently, more and more people demanded Japanese war compensation.[49]

Tong Zeng initiated and promoted a non-governmental compensation campaign against Japan. After being disseminated by the media, From 1991 to 1994, Tong Zeng received nearly 10,000 letters from victims of World War II from all over China.[50] The reporter of China South Reviews magazine described this phenomenon, "if the group psychological activities of a society in a certain period can also be counted, then from 1992 to 1994, Tong Zeng may be the person who made the most Chinese people think day and night."[51] Many victims of World War II came to Beijing from all over China to seek help from Tong Zeng. Tong Zeng called on the victims of World War II to write to the Japanese Embassy in China for an apology and compensation. In October 1992, the Emperor of Japan visited China for the first time.[52][53] Tong publicly expressed his request for the Emperor of Japan to apologize for the invasion of China during World War II and compensate the Chinese victims. During the Emperor of Japan's visit to China, Tong was sent away to Chongqing by his company for a "business trip."[54] In March 1994, Tong asked the visiting Japanese Prime Minister Hosokawa to apologize and pay compensation to the Chinese victims of World War II. He also called on the victims of World War II to protest in front of the Japanese Embassy in Beijing. The Chinese government stopped Tong and he was detained for three days.[55]

In 1995, Tong Zeng organized a news conference for comfort women and World War II victims in a hotel in Beijing, which was halted by the Chinese police[56][57] Tong Zeng led the Chinese victims to Japan to file a lawsuit. As a result, his passport was confiscated. The Reformatorisch Dagblad of Dutch Protestant newspaper also published the AP news.[58][59] In 1995, the Fourth World Women Conference was held in Huairou, Beijing. Tong was an NGO representative approved by the United Nations and participated in the "Comfort Women Forum". He participated in many preparatory meetings for it in Beijing. Tampa Bay Times also reported that police warned Tong Zeng not to hold a press conference or cause any trouble until the end of the women's conference to be held on September 9 under the auspices of the United Nations.[60][61] However, a few days before the meeting, Tong was sent to a remote area of China.[62][63][64][65] Le Monde diplomatique (France) made a summary, On August 7, 1995, the police dissolved the press conference demanding compensation from Japan. In recent years, Tong Zeng has become the main spokesman for hundreds of thousands of Chinese victims, who were arrested by the police and prohibited from contacting the media; His passport was confiscated.[66] In 1995, US President Clinton raised the issue of human rights before meeting with Chinese President Jiang Zemin. It also mentioned that Tong Zeng was "invited" to leave the city before the UN World Conference on women.[67]

Subsequently, The Dagens Nyheter of Sweden reported on Tong Zeng's situation.[68] Since then the Dagens Nyheter(Sweden) has repeatedly reported that Tong Zeng was mentioned in Sino-Japanese relations.[69][70] The Associated Press reported how Tong Zeng persisted in his beliefs and pursuits: Official China Retreats in Tone on War Against Japan ``Almost every family was affected by the war, so the government fears our work will influence all society,″ said Tong Zeng, a researcher on the aging who started the compensation campaign nearly six years ago. ``They also fear it will affect relations with Japan, especially economic relations.″  Having been previously pressured to curb his efforts, Tong knew that the 50th anniversary of the war's end would not dramatically alter China's official attitude. But he remains committed to getting the Japanese government to pay for the sufferings it caused. ``The government abandoned″ retribution, Tong said. ``But we as a people shouldn't. We cannot abandon it.″ [71] Le monde (France) commented from another angle in a report: "Tong Zeng is the leader of a pressure group"[72]

Strive for the legitimate rights and interests of "comfort women" victims of sexual violence in World War II

Tong Zeng mentioned in his 10000 word paper written in 1990 that sexual violence against women is a war crime and should be compensated for the victims.[40]On January 8, 1992, Korean comfort women survivors demonstrated at the Japanese Embassy in Seoul to ask for the issue of comfort women.[73]On July 25, 1992, Tong received materials from seven comfort women in Shanxi, China, requesting claims from Japan.[74]On August 7, 1992, He went to the Japanese Embassy in China to submit the Chinese comfort women's claim materials (copy), and the Japanese embassy staff signed for his materials. "I have received the claim materials from Tong Zeng regarding the survivors of "Chinese comfort women", a total of 12 pages. August 7, 1992. Mitsuoka" [75]In 1992, three Korean comfort women went to Beijing to find Tong.

File:In 1992, three Korean Comfort women visited Tong Zeng in Beijing.jpg
In 1992, three Korean Comfort women visited Tong Zeng in Beijing

The uterus of the three elderly women had all been removed by the Japanese army. They also showed Tong Zeng the scars left by them. Tong sent them to the South Korean Embassy in China. One of the Korean comfort women named Hong Aizhen also wrote a letter of thanks to Tong.[76]

On August 7, 1995, Tong Zeng organized a press conference for comfort women victims in Beijing, demanding compensation from Japan.[77]Tong Zeng, as a "NGO" representative of the fourth women's conference held in Beijing in 1995, will participate in the "comfort women" forum, but he failed to participate in it. [78]In 1995, Tong Zeng organized Japanese lawyers to collect evidence from Chinese comfort women in China. [34][79]In October 2002, Tong Zeng wrote court testimony for Chinese "comfort women", which was submitted by Japanese lawyers to the Tokyo High Court of Japan.[80]Since 2007, Tong Zeng has organized economic assistance activities to Chinese comfort women survivors for many times. [81][82]Tong feels that the issue of comfort women in 2015 has become an issue of concern to the Chinese and Japanese governments.[83]In February 2015, Tong Zeng introduced Lucy Hornby, a senior reporter from the Financial Times, to Shanxi, China, to interview Japanese military comfort women during World War II.[84] Folha de S. Paulo (Brazil) also reposted it in full.[85]Zhang shuangbing, a teacher in Shanxi, China, followed Tong Zeng to safeguard the rights and interests of comfort women to this day[75][86][87]

On December 29, 2015, Japan reached an agreement on apology and compensation for South Korean comfort women. The Voice of America immediately interviewed Tong Zeng for comment. He said it was a good start, but he also expressed regret.[88]Daily Star (United Kingdom) reposted the AFP report, Beijing-based activist Tong Zeng told AFP that the agreement between Seoul and Tokyo was "a really big shock" for China. "Japan to this day has not given an apology or compensation to comfort women in countries like China and the Philippines," he said. As the war's "biggest victim," he added, China "needs to continue to strive to compel Japan to apologize as soon as possible." "Otherwise, it won't be good for history or regional peace."[89]Some mainstream media in Southeast Asia NDTV (Indian）, Republika 、THE STRAITS TIMES (Singapore), etc. have also reprinted.[90][91][92][93]Les Echos (France) specifically mentioned Tong Zeng’s attitude when synthesizing AFP and Reuters news. As the "biggest victim" of the war, China "must continue to strive for Japan's apology,"[94][95]

On April 28, 2018, the statue of comfort women in Manila, the Philippines was demolished at night. Tong Zeng said that this behavior was an indulgence of crimes against humanity.[96] [97]however, the statue of comfort women is still erected in some places in South Korea, China, the United States, Germany, Australia and other countries because it symbolizes the end of war violence.however, the statue of comfort women is still erected in some places in South Korea, China, the United States, Germany, Australia and other countries because it symbolizes the end of Wartime sexual violence.[98] [99] [100]


Tong Zeng: let the victims of World War II spend their old age in peace. [101] European Parliament resolution of 13 December 2007 on Justice for the 'Comfort Women' . [102] Japan must do more for WWII 'comfort women': UN. [103] The Pope's Verdict on Japan's Comfort Women. [104] The last Chinese comfort woman who sued the Japanese government died, Why is it so hard for Japan to say sorry? [105]

For countries that have committed the "holocaust" to civilians, they must apologize and compensate

File:An old newspaper, South China Morning Post in HK, published on August 16, 1997, about Tong Zeng's request for compensation and apology from Japan to victims of World War II.jpg
An old newspaper, South China Morning Post in HK, published on August 16, 1997, about Tong Zeng's request for compensation and apology from Japan to victims of World War II. Reporter: Linda Yeung, photo: AP.

From 1990 to 1997, Tong Zeng was a wanted man. Seven years after he vowed to pursue reparations for thousands of mainland victims of Japanese atrocities during the 1930s war in China and World War II, [79] In October 1998, Tong Zeng, a 42 year old associate researcher, was dismissed from his work unit.[106] [107]On April 29, 2002, Zhang Weiguo, a reporter from China's World Economic Herald, wrote a commentary on Tong Zeng. "China usually only has the government monopolize the voice of speech, especially in the field of foreign policy including relations with Japan. The outside world can hardly hear the voice of the people. Tong Zeng and some human rights activists have carried out compensation activities against Japan in recent years. It must be vivid and colorful, and it has opened up a new world for public opinion".[108]

After more than 10 years of efforts, Tong Zeng has gradually expanded his space for activities, and has been reported by China's mainstream media. Since 2004, he has advocated suing Japan and Japanese enterprises in Chinese courts.[109][110][111][112][113] In addition, Tong Zeng published a signed article in China Youth Daily. His view is that it is in line with international law and practice to regard Japanese government loans as compensation for war victims[114] He did not expect to arouse the common dissatisfaction of Chinese and Japanese officials. Japanese ambassador to China, Keiji inouchu, wrote a special article against Tong Zeng's point of view.[115] Tong Zeng is the first Chinese activist advocating wartime compensation from Japanese companies. In 2014, Tong Zeng estimated that only 100 workers survived; He actively promoted the victims to submit claim materials to courts across the country.[116]

In May 2014, China's World War II victims submitted claim materials to China's Shandong court and sued Japan's Mitsubishi company. Tong Zeng told Reuters at the time, dozens of wartime compensation suits had been filed in Japan against the Japanese government and companies associated with the country's wartime aggression in the first half of the 20th century, including World War II. Almost all of them have been rejected by Japanese courts.[117] This case of suing Japan's Mitsubishi company has also attracted the attention of the media in some Southeast Asian countries.[118][119]

On July 15, 2014, an area in Hebei Province of China entrusted Tong Zeng's NGO to sue the Japanese government. 1298 villagers were killed and 96 were injured during a massacre by Japanese troops on January 25, 1941, in the Panjiayu Village of North China's Hebei province.[120]

On August 11, 2014, Tong Zeng delivered a letter to Japan's Ambassador and askeded the Emperor of Japan to return Chinese cultural relics.[121] Chinese state media also reported Chinese NGO seeks return of ancient relic from Japan.[122][123] The  AFP issued a news report for this purpose, especially quoting a sentence by Tong Zeng "What we try to recover is not just the relic itself, but also a symbol of international justice." [124][125][126]

On December 8, 2014, Chinese NGO represented by Tong Zeng asked Japan to apologize for the 1937 Nanjing Massacre. The Associated Press reported Tong Zeng's action in detail[127][128] In an interview with a reporter from China Youth Daily, Tong Zeng said: “In the long run, solving historical problems is to promote Sino-Japanese friendship. Only when these problems are resolved Sino-Japanese relations will be able to easily face the future.”[129]

On August 15, 2015, Ms. Xia Shuqin, a survivor of the "Nanjing Massacre" who knew Tong Zeng since 1995, asked the Japanese government to apologize for the "Nanjing Massacre" in an interview with the Australian Broadcasting Corporation reporter.[130]

On December 12, 2016, Tong Zeng revealed to a reporter from China News Service that he had recently sent a letter to the Japanese government and Prime Minister Shinzo Abe through the Japanese Ambassador to China, asking the Japanese government to apologize for the 300,000 deaths in Nanjing caused by the Japanese army.[131] Tong Zeng's activity was reprinted by the most official mainstream media of China for the first time.[132]

On December 11, 2017, Tong Zeng, on behalf of his NGO in China, once again asked the Japanese government to apologize for the Nanjing Massacre.[133]

On December 11, 2018, Tong Zeng wrote to the Japanese government: "I hope the Japanese government can seriously reflect on the war crimes and apologize for the Nanjing Massacre." It has been reported and reprinted by many Chinese mainstream media.[134][135][136][137] December 13 is the memorial day for the victims of the Nanjing Massacre. In the news reports reprinted on the website of Xinhua News Agency, Tong Zeng was specifically mentioned as a non-governmental figure, and was praised for his unremitting efforts for more than 20 years to recover justice and dignity for the victims.[138]

File:Book cover of "Letters to Tong Zeng--From the victims of the Japanese army's invasion to China in WW2 or their families for seeking justice and compensation.".jpg
Book cover of "Letters to Tong Zeng--From the victims of the Japanese army's invasion to China in WW2 or their families for seeking justice and compensation."

On December 12, 2019, Tong Zeng sent another letter to ask the Japanese government to apologize for the Nanjing Massacre.[139][140] On December 8, 2020, on Twitter, Tong Zeng continued to publish open letters to the Japanese Embassy in Beijing and the new Prime Minister, asking the Japanese government to apologize for the Nanjing Massacre.[141]

Strive to apologize and compensate wartime forced laborers

In the 10000-word paper written by Tong Zeng in 1990, it was specifically mentioned that one of the war crimes was forcing civilians to work as laborers . [40] In 1992, he began to receive letters from Chinese labor survivors and survivors' families who were caught by the Japanese army to perform hard labor throughout Japan during World War II. Their relatives died in Japan[142]  some forced laborers digged mud in Hokkaido, Japan, [143](3)  some digged caves in Gunma County, Japan, [144]  some built reservoirs in Kagoshima, Japan [145], etc. There were also some Chinese who were forced labor in the areas controlled in China by the Japanese army,[146] [147] they all hope to entrust Tong Zeng to claim compensation from Japan. From 1992 to 1994, Tong Zeng told forced laborer survivors and their families to write to the Japanese Embassy in China to claim their rights and interests. [148]

In August 1994, Tong Zeng commissioned Japanese lawyers to sue the Japanese government and Japanese companies in courts across Japan. Chinese forced laborers in World War II began to sue the Japanese government and Japanese companies in Japanese courts. On May 7, 2018, China’s most open mainstream media "China Youth Daily" reported on a very rare entire page of Tong Zeng’s experience, as well as detailed records of Tong Zeng's process of entrusting a Japanese lawyer in 1994. [149]

In August 2000, due to the strong demands of World War II forced laborers from the United States, Israel, Poland, the Czech Republic, Russia, and other countries, Germany agreed to establish a Memorial, Responsibility and Future Foundation to compensate them. [150][151]

In March 2003, five Chinese forced laborers commissioned American lawyers to sue Japan’s Mitsubishi and Mitsui companies in the U.S. court. [152]

On September 18, 2003, Tong Zeng went to the Sapporo Court of Hokkaido, Japan to testify for Mitsubishi, Mitsui, and other Chinese forced laborers. [149]

In 2007, Tong Zeng initiated economic assistance to 586 Chinese laborers in World War II. [153]

In 2014, the China World War II Labor Association commissioned Tong Zeng's organization to promote the prosecution of Japanese Mitsubishi and other companies in Chinese courts. [154] [155] Tong contacted and assisted some lawyers, and successively filed cases against Japanese companies' claims in Beijing, Hebei and other local courts. BBC, Financial Times and others also interviewed labor plaintiffs and their families.[156] [157] Tong has always believed that Chinese victims of World War II have the right to sue the Japanese government and Japanese companies in Chinese courts. In an interview with Reuters reporters, he emphasized The families base their claim on the belief that Beijing did not forfeit the rights. of individual war victims to seek compensation in the agreement signed between China and Japan in 1972. [158]In May 2014, the U.S. District Court also began filing a case, and U.S. laborers sued Japan’s Mitsubishi Corporation. The US "Time" also participated in the report. [159]

On October 26, 2014, Tong Zeng, in the name of the chairman of the China Federation of Demanding Compensation from Japan, wrote to Mitsubishi Corporation of Japan, asking the company to apologize and compensate Chinese laborers. [160]

On July 19, 2015, Japan's Mitsubishi finally apologized in the United States for the atrocities against American  of  war laborers during World War II. CBS, CNN and other mainstream media have reported it. [161] [162]Tong Zeng noticed that in the media reports, it was mentioned that Japanese Mitsubishi executives were very concerned about the victimized labor in China. [163] [164] On July 25, 2015, Tong disclosed to the outside world the manuscript of the letter of apology from Mitsubishi Japan to Chinese forced laborers. [165] [166] On the one hand, Tong Zeng urged Mitsubishi Japan to apologize and compensate the Chinese forced laborers  as soon as possible. On the other hand, Tong Zeng said Mitsubishi's apology should be given positive comments, saying that he hoped other Japanese companies can follow suit. [167] [168] [169] [170]

After Tong published the Mitsubishi apology letter, a media commented on Mitsubishi: Too Little, Quite Late .[171]

On June 1, 2016, Mitsubishi Corporation of Japan officially reached a settlement with Chinese laborers. Mitsubishi apologized to Chinese laborers and agreed to pay 100000 yuan per person to more than 3000 people as an apology and build monuments in several places in Japan. The representative of Mitsubishi, Japan, signed a reconciliation agreement with the representatives of three Chinese victims. The BBC, the New York Times and other mainstream media reported it.[172][173] [174] [175] [176][177] [178] in the afternoon of that day, three representatives of Mitsubishi victims visited Tong Zeng, expressed their gratitude to Tong Zeng and presented a banner of "kindness is as heavy as a mountain"; They also sent a banner of "national hero", but Tong Zeng did not accept it .[179]

On June 6, 2016, The Diplomat reported on Mitsubishi's apology to Chinese forced laborers that it is particularly implicit that not everyone agrees with Tong Zeng's views. [180]

On August 13, 2016, Tong Zeng disclosed to the media all the contents of the Mitsubishi and Chinese laborers settlement agreement. [181] Compensation payments are successively distributed to the families of victims in China.[182]

On June 13, 2016, Tong Zeng sent another letter to the Japanese government in name of the civil society, asking for an apology and compensation for 40000 Chinese forced laborers.[183] [184] on November 27, 2017, Tong Zeng, together with Japanese lawyers, called on the Japanese government to apologize for the labor policy of that year.[185]

South Korean laborers are still suing Mitsubishi, waiting for an apology from Mitsubishi and other Japanese companies,[186] [187] [188] even a girl who was cheated into doing hard work in Mitsubishi, Japan at the age of 15, now sincerely hopes Mitsubishi to apologize.[189]

Tong Zeng asked the Japanese government and Japanese companies to apologize and compensate the Chinese forced laborers. 30 years have gone through the three stages of "writing to the Japanese Embassy", "legal proceedings" and "reaching a settlement."[149] Tong Zeng helped Liu Lianren, a Chinese laborer, in 1995 commissioned a Japanese lawyer to sue the Japanese government.[149] In the second year after his death, the Tokyo District Court of Japan ruled on July 12, 2000, that the Japanese government should compensate Liu Lianren. [190] The Japanese government filed an appeal. [191]Tokyo High Court Denies Compensation for Forced Laborer，Liu Lianren was not compensated. [192] Chinese forced laborer Li Liangjie joined the litigation team immediately after seeing Tong Zeng in 1994.[193] in 2007, Li Liangjie was elected president of the World War II Labor Association. [194]on July 22, 2017, Tong Zeng and Li Liangjie introduced the history of Chinese folk claims against Japan to historians, history teachers, lawyers and community leaders in the United States and Canada.[195]Li Liangjie died on February 12, 2019,. Tong Zeng expressed deep condolences on Li Liangjie's death. Tong Zeng said: "as a labor plaintiff in World War II, Li Liangjie sued the crimes of Japanese militarism through legal means, which reflected the dignity and determination of the Chinese people to resolutely oppose war and support peace!". [196]

File:Tong Zeng was with the second and third generation descendants of forced labor in World War II.jpg
Tong Zeng was with the second and third generation descendants of forced labor in World War II. Their father or grandfather was arrested by Japanese soldiers to work in Japan during World War II.

On June 19, 2021, Tong Zeng said on his Twitter that there are still people looking for him, but they are the second and third generations of Chinese forced laborers.[197]

30 years of achievements

File:Tong Zeng received "Seeking Help" letters from second world war victims from Mainland of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan,Korea, Malaysia and the U.S. etc.jpg
Tong Zeng received "Seeking Help" letters from second world war victims from Mainland of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan,Korea, Malaysia and the U.S. etc.

On August 15, 1995, the Japanese Prime Minister apologized for invading Asian countries during World War II.[198] Tong Zeng made a positive evaluation of this.[199][200]The New York Times also made an objective evaluation of Japan's apology.[201] Tong Zeng has been persisting in asking the Japanese Prime Minister to apologize for aggression against other countries during World War II, since he launched a campaign to demand Japan's apology and compensation in 1990. Later on, South Korean civilian groups and Japanese anti-war groups also strongly demanded the Japanese government to apologize. Further, a large number of Japanese veterans came to China and apologized in some memorable places, some even found the descendants of Chinese victims and apologized to them. CNN, AP, and other media reported on the incident.[202][203][204][205][206][207]

From 1994 to 2007, Tong and Chinese war victims initiated and urged 25 lawsuits filed in Japanese courts with the help of over 300 Japanese lawyers. Japanese courts also affirmed the Nanjing Massacre, Pingdingshan Massacre, Comfort Women, Facts of war crimes such as war labor, human body testing, and germ warfare.[208] Since 2007, Tong Zeng and his team urged five Japanese companies to apologize or compensate victims in China and reached a settlement. Japanese companies compensated the Chinese victims with about 300 million yuan.[209][210]

In addition, China's Zhongwei Company sued Mitsui Merchants in the Shanghai Maritime Court of China. After 20 years of litigation, it finally received 240 million yuan in compensation from Mitsui Merchants in 2014.[211][212] Since Tong Zeng has supported and helped the Chinese plaintiff for more than 20 years, both Chinese and international media have been learning about the situation from Tong Zeng. On December 23, 2007, Tong Zeng disclosed to the media that China had won the first instance.[213] On January 11, 2008, Tong Zeng disclosed to the Chinese media that both the plaintiff and the defendant had appealed.[214] Tong Zeng posted a message on his own Weibo on April 19, 2014, stating that Chinese court seized a 280,000-ton ship from Japan's Mitsui Shipping Co., Ltd. as compensation for the property losses suffered by the original Chinese Zhongwei Shipping Company during World War II. Tong Zeng said that this was a milestone in the Chinese people's mission of demanding compensation from Japan. Hong Kong's Wen Wei Po reported about it on the following day.[215] Reuters has interviewed Tong Zeng and published related reports twice,[216][217] NRK (Norway),[218] Sydney Morning Herald (Australia),[219] Firstpost (Mumbai, India),[220] etc. and Professional media in many other countries have reported as well.[221][222][223][224][225][226]

According to Tong, the ultimate goal of his 30 years’ continuous efforts in this cause is to promote Sino-Japanese friendship and World Peace.[227]

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  196. ^ "Li Liangjie, President of the wartime forced laborers association, died". China News Service(Chinese). February 12, 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  197. ^ Tong, Zeng (June 19, 2021). "Today, their second and third generations want to continue to entrust me". twitter.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_foR6Eu6Fg 10000 people's call for justice on YouTube

https://twitter.com/benqtong Tong Zeng on Twitter

https://www.facebook.com/people/Tong-Zeng/100017518415391/ Tong Zeng on Facebook

https://2018.10000cfj.org/?lang=en Letters to Tong Zeng

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