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Shanghai Metro

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Shanghai Metro
A Template:SHM lines train entering Template:SHM stations
A Template:SHM lines train entering Template:SHM stations
Overview
OwnerShanghai Municipal Government
LocaleShanghai and Kunshan, Jiangsu
Transit typeUrban rail transit in China Rapid transit
Number of lines18[a]
 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11   12  13  15  16  17  18  Pujiang 
Number of stations467[b]
Daily ridership10.63 million (2019 avg.)[1]
13.29 million (record)[2]
Annual ridership3.880 billion (2019)[1]
Websitewww.shmetro.com
Operation
Began operation28 May 1993; 31 years ago (1993-05-28)
Operator(s)
Number of vehicles7,000+ revenue railcars[3]
Technical
System length743 km (461.7 mi)[4][c]
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification
System map

Shanghai Metro
Simplified Chinese上海轨道交通
Traditional Chinese上海軌道交通
Literal meaningShanghai Rail Transit
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShànghǎi Guǐdào Jiāotōng
Bopomofoㄕㄤˋㄏㄞˇㄍㄨㄟˇㄉㄠˋㄐㄧㄠ ㄊㄨㄥ
Wade–GilesShang4-hai3 Kui3-tao4 Chiao1-t'ung1
Wu
RomanizationZaanhe kuedau jiau thon [zɑ̃˨hɛ˦ kuɛ˧dɔ˥ tɕiɔ˨tʰoŋ˨]
Commonly abbreviated as
Simplified Chinese上海地铁
Traditional Chinese上海地鐵
Literal meaningShanghai Subway
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinShànghǎi Dìtiě
Bopomofoㄕㄤˋㄒㄞˇㄉㄧˋㄊㄧㄝˇ
Wu
RomanizationZånhae dithih

The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts[d] and to Huaqiao Town, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province. Opening in 1993 with full-scale construction extending back to 1986, the Shanghai Metro is the third-oldest rapid transit system in mainland China, after the Beijing Subway and the Tianjin Metro. It has seen substantial growth, significantly during the years leading up to the Expo 2010, and is still expanding quickly, with its most recent expansions having opened in January 2021. It is the biggest component of the Shanghai metropolitan rail transit network, together with the Shanghai maglev train, the Zhangjiang Tram, the Songjiang Tram, and the commuter rail Jinshan railway operated by China Railway Shanghai Group. The metro system is also integrated with other forms of public transport in Shanghai. A Shanghai Metro Museum is located near Ziteng Road station on Brach Line 10.

The Shanghai Metro system is the world's biggest metro system by route length, totaling 743 kilometres (462 mi).[5][c] /> It is also the second biggest by the number of stations with 381 stations on 18 lines.[a][b] It ranks second in the world by annual ridership with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019.[1] The daily ridership record was set at 13.29 million on March 8, 2019.[2] Over 10 million people use the system on an average workday.[6]

On 16 October 2013, with the extension of Line 11 into Kunshan in Jiangsu province, Shanghai Metro became the first rapid transit system in China to provide cross-provincial service and the second intercity metro after the Guangfo Metro. In 2023 Shanghai Metro will connect with the metro system of Suzhou;[7] the under construction Suzhou Rail Transit Suzhou Metro Line S1 will connect Shanghai Metro Line 11 with Suzhou Rail Transit Suzhou Metro Line 3.[8] Ambitious expansion plans call for 25 lines with over 1,000 km (620 mi) of length by 2025.[9] By then, every location in the central area of Shanghai will be within 600 m (2,000 ft) of a subway station.[10]

History

Evolution of the Shanghai Metro

Timeline of line openings

Historical system length and number of stations


Historical ridership

Peak passenger numbers over time (thousands)[e]
25 Sep 2015[48] 1 Jan 2016[49] 1 April 2016[f] 3 March 2017[50] 10 March 2017 17 March 2017[51] 28 April 2017 9 March 2018[g][52] 14 March 2018[53] 8 March 2019[g][54]
Total ridership 10,343 10,830 11,299 11,559 11,681 11,792 11,867 12,231 12,306 13,294
Transfers 4,340 4,435 4,886 5,240 5,240
Line  1  1,370 1,410 1,420 1,370 1,410 1,430 1,410 1,410 1,507*
Line  2  1,770 1,750 1,770 1,770 1,830 1,850 1,820 1,860 1,903
Line  3  610 600 640 610 630 640 610 610 621
Line  4  940 890 950 940 950 950 950 960 976*
Line  5  160 170 180 170 170 170 160 160 221*
Line  6  440 450* 470 490 500* 490 480 480 520*
Line  7  850 800 890 920* 920 900 950 960* 958
Line  8  1,080 1,080 1,080 1,110 1,120* 1,120 1,160* 1,150 1,221*
Line  9  940 970* 970 1,010* 1,020* 1,020 1,150* 1,150* 1,228*
Line  10  860 860 880 910 940 960 990* 1,000* 1,067*
Line  11  740 800* 860 920* 940* 960 960 950 1,012*
Line  12  220 540* 620 700 710 710 740 740 826*
Line  13  200 340 370 450* 450* 430 490* 500* 710*
Line  14 
Line  15 
Line  16  160 180 190 210 220 230 230 230 254
Line  17  120 120 175*
Line  18 
 Pujiang  36*

Lines

See Shanghai Metropolitan Area Intercity Railway for future commuter rail services .

There are currently 18 lines in operation, with Lines and services are denoted numerically as well as by characteristic colors, which are used as a visual aid for better distinction on station signage and on the exterior of trains, in the form of a colored block or belt.

Most tracks in the Shanghai Metro system are served by a single service; thus "Line X" usually refers both to the physical line and its service. The only exception is the segment shared by Lines 3 and 4, between Hongqiao Road station and Baoshan Road station, where both services use the same tracks and platforms.

To scale map of current Shanghai Metro network:
Current Shanghai Metro Shanghai metro network map:
Shanghai Metro lines in operation
Line Termini
(District) 		Service patterns Comm-
ence-
ment 		Newest
exten-
sion 		Length
km
Stations
 Interchange stations[h]
Operator
01 1  Template:SHM stations
(Baoshan) 		Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[55] 		1993
[11][12] 		2007
[23] 		36.4 28 Shanghai Metro 2  3  4  5  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  15 
Other:  Jinshan China Railway China Railway High-speedSHH China RailwaySNH

Shanghai Metro Operation Companies (No. 1–4)
02 2  Template:SHM stations
(Qingpu) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		1999 2010 63.8 30 Shanghai Metro 1  3  4  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  15  16  17 
Other:  Maglev  ZJ Zhangjiang TramChina RailwayShanghai Hongqiao railway station AOH Shanghai Pudong International Airport PVG Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport SHA
03 3  Template:SHM stations
(Baoshan) 		Template:SHM stations
(Xuhui) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[56] 		2000 2006 40.3 29 Shanghai Metro 1  2  4  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  15 
Other:  Jinshan China Railway China Railway High-speedSHH China RailwaySNH
04 4 
Loop line 		Template:SHM stations
(Xuhui) 		Loop line; certain trains terminate at Template:SHM stations.[57] 2005 2007 33.7 26 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13 
05 5  Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Branch: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		2003 2018 32.7 19 Shanghai Metro 1 
Other:  Jinshan 
Template:SHM stations
(Fengxian)
06 6  Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[58] 		2007 2011 32.3 28 Shanghai Metro 2  4  7  8  9  10  11  12  13 
07 7  Template:SHM stations
(Baoshan) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Rush Hour: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[59] 		2009 2010 44.2 33 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  8  9  12  13  15  16 
Other:  Maglev 
08 8  Template:SHM stations
(Yangpu) 		Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[60] 		2007 2009 37.4 30 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  7  9  10  11  12  13  Pujiang 
09 9  Template:SHM stations
(Songjiang) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		2007 2017 65.6 35 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  7  8  11  12  13  15 
Other:  T1 Songjiang Tram T2 Songjiang Tram Songjiang South railway station IMHSongjiang railway station SAH
10 10  Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		2010 2020 45 37 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  8  11  12  13  17 
Other: China RailwayShanghai Hongqiao railway station AOH Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport SHA
Template:SHM stations
(Minhang)
11 11  Template:SHM stations
(Jiading) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[61]
Rush Hour: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		2009 2016 82.4 39 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  8  9  10  12  13  15  16  18 
Other: China Railway SXH
Template:SHM stations
(Kunshan, Jiangsu)
12 12  Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[62] 		2013 2015 40.4 32 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  7  8  9  10  11  13  15 
13 13  Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations
(Jiading) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations[63] 		2012 2018 38.8 31 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  4  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  15  16 
15 15  Template:SHM stations
(Baoshan) 		Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		2021 — 42.3 30 Shanghai Metro 1  2  3  7  9  11  12  13 
Other:  Jinshan China RailwaySNH China Railway SXH
16 16  Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Local service stopping all stations;
Express service stopping only at Template:SHM stations and Template:SHM stations;
Rapid service stopping at Template:SHM stations, Template:SHM stations, Template:SHM stations, Template:SHM stations, Template:SHM stations and Template:SHM stations.[64] 		2013 2014 59 13 Shanghai Metro 2  7  11  13 
Other:  Maglev 

Shanghai Maglev Transportation Company
17 17  Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations
(Qingpu) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations
Partial: Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 		2017 — 35.3 13 Shanghai Metro 2  10 
Other: China RailwayShanghai Hongqiao railway station AOH

Shanghai Metro Operation No. 2 Company
18 18  Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations
(Pudong) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 2020 — 14.5 8 Shanghai Metro 11 

Shanghai Maglev Transportation Company
 Pujiang  Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations
(Minhang) 		Template:SHM stations ↔ Template:SHM stations 2018 — 6.7 6 Shanghai Metro 8 

Shanghai Keolis
Total 743
[4][a] 		467
[b] 		68

Services

Partial service patterns

Partial service patterns exist on Lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15 and 17.[55][65][56][58][59][60][66][61][62] Partial services serve only a (usually busier) sub-segment of the entire physical line.

Up to April 19, 2019 when 8-car train started serving the whole Line 2 in a regular schedule,.[67] the east section of Line 2 was served by a 4-car fleet. Line 2 had a piecewise service pattern during morning peak hours whereby the suburban segment between Guanglan Road station and Pudong International Airport station is partially served by a 4-car fleet in addition to the regular 8-car fleet serving the whole line. Already since 28 December 2018, during off-peak times, an 8-car fleet from East Xujing or Songhong Road station may terminate at Pudong International Airport station, but most trains still terminate at Guanglan Road station or Tangzhen (only during peak hours).

Line 11, one of the three branch lines of the metro system, operates a different partial service pattern. Trains travelling to and from the branch line terminate at Huaqiao Station and Sanlin respectively. Hence, a passenger who wants to travel from the terminus of the branch to the eastern terminus of the line, at Disney Resort must change trains.[61]

Express services

Line 16, unlike the rest of the system, is built with passing loops and operates a rush-hour express service. The service was postponed on January 30, 2014, due to lack of available trains, but resumed on March 21, 2016.[68][69][70]

Headways

During peak hours headways differ between 1 minutes and 50 seconds on Line 9 and 6 minutes on Line 18. Lines in the inner ring have headways under two and a half minutes during peak hours. Outside the inner ring, outside peak hours and in the weekend headways take longer. In the evening (after approximately 20:00-21:00) headways are longer.

Operating hours

The operating hours for most Shanghai metro stations starts between 5:00 to 6:00 in the morning and ends between 22:30 to 23:00 CST. In February 2017 (Shanghai Metro) announced that by April 1, 2017, the operating hours of Line 1, 2, and 7, 8, 9, and 10 will be extended by an hour after the regular last train on each Friday, Saturday and last working days before Chinese Public Holidays. This will be extended to Lines 3, 4, 6, 11, 12 and 13 by July 1, 2017. By the end of 2018, all the stations in the city center will extend their operating hours after midnight. Also, there will be two trains taking passengers from Hongqiao Railway Station after normal operation time and only stop at several stations, which always happens on the last day of a vacation, e.g. Labor Day, National Day, etc.[71]

Stations

Main article: List of Shanghai Metro stations

Security

Station security

File:Baggage scanners at Shanghai metro station.jpg
Baggage scanner at Shanghai metro station

Riders are subject to searches of their persons and belongings at all stations by security inspectors using metal detectors, X-Ray machines. Items banned from public transportation such as "guns, ammunition, knives, explosives, flammable and radioactive materials, and toxic chemicals" are subject to confiscation.[72]

Stations are equipped with closed-circuit television. Police do for example use it to arrest pickpockets caught on CCTV.[73]

Smoking is strictly prohibited in the metro premises, Bicycles (including folding bike), pets (include cats, dogs etc.) are not allowed in the station. The use skateboards, roller skates and other equipment is not allowed in station and carriage.[74]

Since 1 April 2020 there is a national ban on "Uncivilized Behavior" on China's Subways, which also includes conduct rules cracking down on bad subway etiquette, such as stepping on seats, lying down on a bench or floor and playing music or videos out loud. It also bans eating and drinking on subway cars nationwide, with exceptions for infants and people with certain medical conditions.

Platform screen doors

[[Image:200605 Xujiahui station Line 1 platform edge doors.jpg|thumb|Platform screen doors installed at Xujiahui station]] Almost all stations, except most of the elevated sections and sections of Line 2 from Songhong Road to Longyang Road, have platform screen doors with sliding acrylic glass at the platform edge. The train stops with its doors lined-up with the sliding doors on the platform edge and open when the train doors open, and are closed at other times. These screens are also being retrofitted on existing lines, starting with Line 1 whose core stations had doors by the end of 2006. On part of Line 2 and most of the elevated sections, the platform has sliding safety doors that reach only halfway up from the ground called Automatic platform gates. Line 5 is the exception, where they have not yet installed platform screen doors.

Platform screen door fatal incident

On 5 July 2010 at the Zhongshan Park station a woman died after trying to crowd into a subway train as the doors were closing. With her wrist trapped in the train doors, she was dragged between the train and the platform screen doors when the train started moving.[75]

On 26 April 2021 at Longyang Road station on Line 2 a man committed suicide by climbing over the closed automatic platform gate and jumping on the tracks.[76]

Passenger information systems

Plasma screens on the platforms show passengers when the next two trains are coming, along with advertisements and public service announcements. The subway cars contain LCD screens showing advertisements and on some lines, the next stop, while above-ground trains have LED screens showing the next stop. The LED screens are being phased in on Line 1 and are also included in lines 7 and 9, two underground lines. There are recorded messages stating the next stop in Mandarin, English, and (on lines 16 an 17 only) Shanghainese,[77][78] but the messages stating nearby attractions or shops for a given station (a form of paid advertising) are in Mandarin only. The metro operating company is resistant to expanding use of Shanghainese for announcing stops, on the basis that, on most lines, the majority of passengers can understand either Mandarin or English.[79]

Station signs are in Simplified Chinese and English. The Metro authority is testing a new systematic numbering system for stations on Line 10.[80]

Zhongshan Park Station on Line 4
Changqing Road Station on Line 7
Yuyuan Garden Station on Line 10

Announcements

All trains in the Shanghai Metro display destinations in Simplified Chinese and English, and make announcements in Standard Mandarin, English, and (on lines 16 and 17 only) Shanghainese in order to indicate next stations, directions, and partial/full-length service patterns.[77]

Station facilities

There is cellular phone network coverage in stations and generally during the ride. In 2020 all stations were provided coverage of the 5G network.[81] Free WiFi is provided.[82] To use it, connect to the network 花生地铁WiFi and (iPhone) type in your phone number, get a text message with the verification code or (Android) download the app in the browser, put your phone number, click the button to receive your code.

There are toilets for passengers in more than 90% metro stations in Shanghai. Passengers could use these toilets free of charge.[83]

Shanghai’s subway system is wheelchair accessible, with elevators at all stations. However, elevators can be difficult to locate at the street level.[84]

Transfer stations

There are two types of transfer stations: physical transfer stations and transit-card only ones. In a physical transfer station, passengers can transfer between subway lines without exiting a fare zone. In a transit-card only transfer station, however, passengers have to exit and re-enter fare zones as they transfer from one subway line to another as there is no direct pathway between them within the paid fare area. Since June 1, 2008, in order to receive a discounted fare, passengers must use a Shanghai public transport card (SPTC). Passengers must exit a station and re-enter another within 30 minutes using the same Shanghai public transport card. Those using single-ride tickets cannot use virtual transfers and must purchase a new ticket. The current virtual interchanges are:[i]

Of note there are two different stations both known as Pudian Road on Line 4 and 6, but these two stations are not connected and direct interchange is not possible.

Transport hubs

The busiest station in Shanghai Metro system is People's Square (Lines 1, 2 and 8). As the interchange station for three lines, it is extremely crowded during peak hours. It remains busy during the rest of the day as it is located near major shopping and tourist destinations such as East Nanjing Road, a pedestrian street, as well as the Shanghai Museum, People's Park, the Shanghai Grand Theatre and Yan'an Park on People's Square. It has the second largest number of exits (totalling 17) in the stations of the metro system.

Xujiahui (Lines 1, 9 and 11) is located in the major Xujiahui commercial center of Shanghai. Six large shopping malls and eight large office towers are each within a three-minute walk of one of the station's exits, numbering a total of 18 since the addition of the four in the Line 9 part of the station that opened in December 2009. This is the largest number of exits of all the stations on the system. This station is also widely used as a pedestrian tunnel across the wide roads.

Lujiazui (Line 2) is the major station in Pudong area. It is situated in the heart of Lujiazui financial district, the financial center of Shanghai. The city's iconic landmarks, the Oriental Pearl TV Tower, Jin Mao Tower, Shanghai Tower and Shanghai World Financial Centre are all within walking distance of the station. In contrast to Xujiahui and People's Square, Lujiazui is not particularly busy during off-peak hours or on weekends as it is located in financial district of Shanghai. Line 14, expected to open in 2020, will pass Lujiazui and provide transfer as well.

Shanghai Railway Station (Lines 1, 3 and 4) is a major transportation hub in Shanghai, containing the railway station, two subway lines and the stop for many city bus lines as well as interprovincial buses. These bus lines will soon be housed in a brand-new bus station. The Line 1 platform is in the South square while platforms for line 3/4 are in the North square. These two platforms are technically separate stations, so interchange is only possible between lines 3/4. A transfer to the Line 1 platform requires a SPTC or a new ticket.

Shanghai South Railway Station (Lines 1, 3 and 15) is a transport station for Lines 1, 3, and 15; and the maintenance base of Line 1 is also located at Shanghai South Railway Station.

Zhongshan Park (Lines 2, 3 and 4) is a heavily trafficked station due to the large shopping malls and hotel immediately above it.

Century Avenue (Lines 2, 4, 6 and 9) is the largest interchange station in the Shanghai Metro system, and the first station in mainland China to offer an interchange between four metro or subway lines.[85]

Pudong International Airport (Line 2) is the eastern terminus of Line 2. It serves the airport of the same name in Shanghai. The station also provides a transfer with the Shanghai maglev train to Longyang Road.

Hongqiao Railway Station (Lines 2, 10 and 17), Hongqiao Airport Terminal 1 (Line 10) and Hongqiao Airport Terminal 2 (Lines 2 and 10) are metro stations located in the Hongqiao transportation hub, composed of the Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station. Both Hongqiao Airport stations are directly linked with the airport, offering many domestic and limited international flights, and the Hongqiao Railway metro station is directly linked with the train station. The airport and railway stations themselves offer a zero-distance transfer.

Ticket system

Template:SHM stations station
Template:SHM stations station

Like many other metro systems in the world (Shanghai Metro) uses a distance-based fare system. The system uses a "one-ticket network", which means that interchanging is possible between all interchange stations, given that the transfer staying within the Shanghai Metro system, without the purchase of another ticket where available, excluding some stations where transferring to another line at said station requires leaving the Fare Zone (i.e. the area extending from the platform to the entry/exit gates) which mandates a Single-Journey Ticket be used before entering that of another line, requiring the purchase of another Single-Journey Ticket (Shanghai Public Transport Cards are exempt as they are not consumed upon exit). The Shanghai Public Transport Card, which allows access to most public transport in Shanghai under one card, is another form of payment. The system supports Alipay, WeChat Pay and Union Pay, three of the most commonly used mobile payment methods in China.[86]

Periodic pass

A pass for unlimited travel within the metro system for either 24 or 72 hours is offered. This pass is not available through vending machines, but has to be purchased at Service Centers at metro stations.[87]

  • A one-day pass priced at 18 yuan. This pass was introduced on 24 April 2010 for the Expo 2010 held in Shanghai.
  • A three-day pass priced at 45 yuan. This pass was available since 8 March 2012.

Distance-based fare

  • The base fare is 3 yuan (RMB) for journeys under 6 km, then 1 yuan for each additional 10 km. As of December 2017, the highest fare is 15 yuan (travel between Oriental Land to Dishui Lake, the farthest distance at present).
¥3
0 ~ 3 km
¥4
6 ~ 16 km
¥5
16 ~ 26 km
¥6
26 ~ 36 km
¥7
36 ~ 46 km
¥8
46 ~ 56 km
¥9
56 ~ 66 km
¥10
66 ~ 76 km
¥11
76 ~ 86 km
¥12
86 ~ 96 km
¥13
96 ~ 106 km
¥14
106 ~ 116 km
  • Shortest route calculated as multiple route available between any entry-exit stations.
  • Travel time limit is 4 hour. Additional lowest single journey fare (3 yuan) is required if time limit is exceeded.
  • For journeys exclusively from Xinzhuang Station to People's Square Station, the fare is 4 yuan, though the distance between People's Square Station and Xinzhuang Station is about 17.8 km (11.1 mi).

Single-Journey Ticket

Shanghai Metro Shanghai metro ticketing machine map

Single-Journey tickets can be purchased from ticket vending machines, and at some stations, at a ticket window. Single-ride tickets are embedded with RFID contactless chips. When entering the system riders tap the ticket against a scanner above the turnstile, and when they exit they insert the ticket into a slot where it is stored and recycled. This ticket does not facilitate transfers at a virtual interchange station. Passengers would have to purchase a new ticket when reentering the fare gate.

Shanghai Public Transportation Card

Main article: Shanghai Public Transportation Card

In addition to a Single-Ride ticket, the fare can be paid using a Shanghai public transport card (Jiaotong Yikatong), which is similar to the Octopus card of Hong Kong's MTR. This RFID-embedded card can be purchased at selected banks, convenience stores and metro stations with a 20-yuan deposit. This card can be loaded at ticket booths, Service Centers at the metro stations as well as many small convenience stores and banks throughout the city. The Shanghai Public Transportation Card can also be used to pay for other forms of transportation, such as taxi or bus.

Discounts for SPTC holderss
  • Users of the Shanghai public transport card get a 10% discount for the rest of the calendar month after paying 70 yuan in taking metro, e.g. a passenger has paid 67 Yuan on metro tickets through SPTC this calendar month, and next time he will only pay 2.7 yuan for his next 3-yuan ticket in this calendar month. The discount is applied only for journeys after the payment; it is not retroactively applied to previous journeys.
  • Users of the Shanghai public transport card as part of the "Air-conditioned Bus Transfer Discount" get a 1 yuan discount when transferring to the metro within 90 minutes. (The 10% monthly discount may be applied after the transfer discount) This discount also applies for a bus to Metro and bus to bus transfers and can accumulate over multiple transfers. For example, to get from Zhenbei Rd/Meichuan Rd to Xiuyan Rd/Hunan Rd would normally cost 8 yuan each way (947 buses to line 4 to 451 bus) but only costs 6 RMB with the card (947 buses discounted transfer to line 4, discounted transfer to 451 bus). Depending on the time spent at the destination the discount will be applied at the start of the return trip as well, making the cost of a round-trip 11 yuan instead of the 16 yuan that would normally be charged without the card.

Mobile payments

Passengers can also pay their Shanghai Metro fares using a mobile phone app, Daduhui (Metro Metropolis in English) since January 2018. The app requires one to scan a QR code when entering the fare gate at the origin station and again when exiting at the destination station. The fare is then deducted. [88]

Previous fare schemes

  • Before 15 September 2005 the shortest rides had a fare of 2 yuan. This was increased by 1 yuan in order to relieve the overcrowded metro network (with a daily ridership of 1.3 million people in 2004). Rides longer than 28km had their prices either remained the same or dropped by 1 or 2 yuan. These price changes were meant to encourage more people to take the bus, particularly during rush hour as about 30% of rush-hour passengers and 38% of the total passengers use the subways for short trips. However, the metro fare increase seems to have had little effect. In November 2005 a discount scheme of 10% after 70 yuan was introduced to benefit long distance passengers.[89] Since 2005, despite the rise in income and living standards, the price has remained the same.
  • Until 26 December 2020 there was for journeys exclusively on the 1st Phase of Line 5 (Xinzhuang – Minhang Development Zone) a reduced fare is 2 yuan for journeys under 6 km and all other journeys on the line were 3 yuan (though the total length of this section is a bit longer than 16 km). This was not applied once passengers interchange to other lines, e.g. fare for passengers from Xinzhuang to Chunshen Road was 2 Yuan, while fare for passengers from Waihuanlu to Chunshen Road was 3 Yuan.
  • Line 1 ticket used in 1995-1997
    Line 1 ticket used in 1995-1997
  • Line 1 ticket used in 1997-1999
    Line 1 ticket used in 1997-1999
  • Line 3 ticket used before 2003
    Line 3 ticket used before 2003
  • Line 5 ticket used before 2005
    Line 5 ticket used before 2005

Infrastructure

Gauge

Standard gauge is used throughout the network, allowing new train equipment to be transported over the Chinese rail network which uses the same gauge.

Power supply

In contrast to many other metro systems in the world, the Shanghai Metro uses overhead wires for the power supply, except for Line 16, Line 17 and Pujiang Line which use third rail.

On Line 2, Siemens Transportation Systems equipped the line with an overhead contact line (cantilever material: galvanized steel) and 7 DC traction power supply substations.[90]

Rolling stock

Inside a Line 2 train.

There are currently over 7,000 revenue railcars in the Shanghai metro system. The train fleet reached 1,000 cars in 2007, 2,000 cars in 2012, and 3,000 cars in 2016.[91] The 4,000th car was delivered on December 17, 2016, the 5,000th car was delivered on July 20, 2018.[92] The 7,000th car was delivered on December 25, 2020.[93]

Number of revenue railcars in the Shanghai Metro Shanghai metro system
Year 2007 2012 2016 17 Dec 2016 20 July 2018 28 May 2020 25 Dec 2020
Number of railcars 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000
Average daily ridership (million) 2.23 6.219 9.292 9.292 10.164 7.746 7.746
Average no. of daily ridership per railcar 2,230 3,110 3,097 2,323 2,033 1,291 1,107
Train sets used in the Shanghai Metro Shanghai metro system
Set Manufacturer Time of
manufac-
turing		 Type No
of
car		 Assembly[j] Sets Line Notes
11 Adtranz and Siemens 1992-1994 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Mp+M+Tc 01A01 Line 1 Expanded DC01 series
5 Adtranz and Siemens 1992-1994 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Mp+M+Tc 01A02 Line 1 Expanded DC01 series
9 Adtranz and Siemens 1998-2001 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Mp+M+Tc 01A03 Line 1 Expanded AC01 series
12 Adtranz and Siemens 1998-2001 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+M+Mp+Tc 01A04 Line 1 Expanded AC01 series
16 Alstom Metropolis, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2006-2007 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 01A05 Line 1 [94]
11 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2016-2018 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 01A06 Line 1
20 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2017-2019 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 01A07 Line 1
16 Adtranz and Siemens 2000-2001 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Mp+M+Tc 02A01 Line 2
21 Alstom Metropolis, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2007-2009 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 02A02 Line 2 [95]
16 Alstom Metropolis, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2009-2010 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Mp+Mp+Tc 02A03 Line 2
16 Alstom Metropolis, CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2009-2010 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Mp+Mp+Tc 02A04 Line 2 Formerly four car sets – Two sets have been coupled to form a eight car train
31 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2017-2020 A 8 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 02A05 Line 2
28 Alstom Metropolis and CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. 2002-2004 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 03A01 Line 3 [96]
21 Alstom Metropolis and CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2014-2017 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 03A02 Line 3 Runs both on Line 3 and Line 4
28 Siemens and CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2004-2007 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 04A01 Line 4 [97]
14 Alstom Metropolis, CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2014-2017 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 04A02 Line 4 Runs both on Line 3 and Line 4
17 Alstom Metropolis and Shanghai Electric 2002-2004 C 4 Tc+Mp+Mp+Tc 05C01 Line 5 Used on the branch line
33 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2017-2019 C 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 05C02 Line 5 Used on the mainline
21 Alstom Metropolis 2007-2009 C 4 Tc+Mp+Mp+Tc 06C01 Line 6
11 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2009-2010 C 4 Tc+Mp+Mp+Tc 06C02 Line 6 [98]
18 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2011-2012 C 4 Tc+Mp+Mp+Tc 06C03 Line 6 [99]
26 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2018-2020 C 4 Tc+Mp+Mp+Tc 06C04 Line 6
42 Bombardier Movia 456 2008-2010 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 07A01 Line 7
30 Bombardier Movia 456 2016-2018 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 07A02 Line 7
7 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2019-2020 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 07A03 Line 7
28 Alstom Metropolis 2006-2008 C 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 08C01 Line 8
18 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2009-2010 C 7 Tc+Mp+M+M+M+Mp+Tc 08C02 Line 8 [100]
20 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2010-2011 C 7 Tc+Mp+M+M+M+Mp+Tc 08C03 Line 8 [100]
24 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2018-2020 C 7 Tc+Mp+M+M+M+Mp+Tc 08C04 Line 8
10 Bombardier Movia 456 2004-2005 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 09A01 Line 9 Transferred from Line 1
41 Bombardier Movia 456 2008-2010 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 09A02 Line 9
36 Bombardier Movia 456 2016-2018 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 09A03 Line 9
17 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2018-2020 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 09A04 Line 9
41 Alstom Metropolis, Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2009-2010 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 10A01 Line 10 [101]
26 Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. 2017-2019 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 10A02 Line 10 [102]
66 Siemens and CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2008-2011 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 11A01 Line 11 [103]
6 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2015-2016 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 11A02 Line 11
10 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2015-1016 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 11A03 Line 11
41 Bombardier Movia 456 2011-2013 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 12A01 Line 12
15 Bombardier Movia 456 2017-2018 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 12A02 Line 12
19 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. 2018-2020 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 12A03 Line 12
24 CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. 2011-2014 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 13A01 Line 13
38 CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. 2016-2018 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 13A02 Line 13 [104]
49 CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. 2019-2020 A 8 Line 14 [105] Train sets to be used in the future
54 Alstom Metropolis, CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2019- A 6 Tc+MP+M+M+MP+Tc 15A01 Line 15
23 Siemens and CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2012-2014 A 6 Mcp+M+Mcp=Mcp+M+Mcp 16A01 Line 16 Formerly three car sets[106] – Two sets have been coupled to form a six car train[107][108]
15 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2018-2020 A 6 Tc+M+M+M+M+Tc 16A02 Line 16
28 Alstom Metropolis, CNR Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Electric 2015-2017 A 6 Tc+M+M+M+M+Tc 17A01 Line 17
50 CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. 2019- A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc 18A01 Line 18
11 CRRC Nanjing Puzhen Co., Ltd. 2016-2017 L 4 APM 300 Pujiang Line [109]
Train sets formally used in the Shanghai Metro Shanghai metro system
Set Manufacturer Time in
oper-
ation		 Type No
of
car		 Assembly Sets Line Notes
10 CNR Changke 15/12/2004–28/09/2007 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+M+Mp+Tc AC04 Line 1 Now used on Line 9 (0901-0910)
16 Adtranz and Siemens 28/05/1993–28/12/2009 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Tc DC01 Line 1 Expanded into 8 sections (01A01 & 01A02) using newly CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive
13 Adtranz and Siemens 1999–22/12/2009 A 6 Tc+Mp+M+Mp+M+Tc AC01 Line 1 Expanded into 8 sections

Most lines currently use 6 car sets, with the exceptions being:

Signalling and telecommunication

In the beginning lines lines were built in an era where moving block systems were expensive and China had no experience with them. Therefore, lines 1-5 had fixed block systems with headways were at least 2.5 minutes. Lines 1, 2, and 5 have updated there system to equip with CBTC. All Shanghai Metro lines -except Lines 3 and 4 currently undergoing an upgrade- are equipped with CBTC systems capable of headways as low as 90 seconds.[110]

Level of automation Shanghai Metro Lines
GoA2 (Grade-of-Automation 2)[k]  1   2   3   4   6   7   8   9   11   12   13   16   Maglev 
GoA3 (Grade-of-Automation 3)[l]  5   17  Shanghai Pudong Airport APM
GoA4 (Grade-of-Automation 4)[m]  10   14   15   18   Pujiang 

Lines 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 use THALES SelTrac and Lines 10, 12, 13, 16 use ALSTOM Urbalis.

Train accidents

  • December 22, 2009—at about 5:50 am, an electrical fault in the tunnel between South Shaanxi Road station and People's Square station caused a few trains to stall. While the track was under repair, a low-speed collision occurred between two trains on Line 1, trapping scores of passengers underground for up to two hours and affecting millions of early commuters. Nobody was injured, but the front of the train was badly damaged. Service resumed at around 12:15 pm.[111][112]
  • September 27, 2011—at 2:51 pm, two trains on Line 10 collided between Yuyuan Garden station and Laoximen station, injuring 284–300 people. Initial investigations found that train operators violated regulations while operating the trains manually after a loss of power on the line caused its signal system to fail. No deaths were reported.[113]

Renewable energy

File:Shanghai metro rooftop solar at metro depot at Longyang Road station.jpg
Rooftop solar at metro depot at Longyang Road station generating 4 million kwh in 2020

Shanghai metro started building solar plants since 2013 and the process has been accelerated since 2019, with plans to build rooftop solar plants with a total electricity generation capacity of 30 to 50 megawatts between 2021 and 2025. In 2021 it had 10 existing rooftop solar plants.[114]

Future expansion

The Shanghai Metro system is one of the fastest-growing metro systems in the world. As of 2019, Shanghai has more than 120 km (75 mi) of metro under construction.[115][116] By the end of 2021, the network will comprise 19 lines (Lines 1–18 and Pujiang Line) spanning 804 kilometres (500 mi).[117] In addition, Line S1 is under construction in Suzhou to connect the Shanghai Metro with the Suzhou Rail Transit Suzhou Rail Transit in neighbouring Jiangsu province in 2023.[7]

Planned Shanghai Metro Shanghai Metro network without Shanghai Metropolitan Area Intercity Railway lines:
Shanghai Metro Shanghai Metro planned lines 2018-2023:
Shanghai Metro lines under construction/approved/planned
Planned opening date Route Name Terminals Length (km) Stations Status Notes
2021 14 Fengbang Guiqiao Road 38.5 31 Under construction [118][117]
18 1st phase remaining section South Changjiang Road Yuqiao 21.8 18
2024 2 3rd phase western extension East Xujing Panxiang Road 1.7 1
17 Western extension Oriental Land Xicen 6.6 1
2025 13 Western extension Jinyun Road Zhuguang Road 9.8 5
18 2nd phase Dakang Road South Changjiang Road 8.1 6 [119]
 Chongming  1st phase Template:SHM stations Changxing Island 22.4 5
2026 21 1st phase Dongjing Road Liuchen Road 28 18 Approved
23 1st phase Shanghai Stadium Minhang Development Zone 28.6 22
Before 2030  Chongming  2nd phase Changxing Island Yu'an 20.4 3
1 Western extension Xinzhuang Humin Road 1.2 1 [120][121]
12 Western extension Qixin Road Dongjing 15.6 4
15 Southern extension Zizhu Hi-tech Park Wangyuan Road 11
19 Shanghai North Railway Station Xingmei Road 44.5 32
20 1st phase Jinchang Road Gongqing Forest Park 19.8 16
2 Southern extension Pudong International Airport Pudong Airport Terminal 3 4 1 Planned [122]
5 Southern extension Reserved Fengxian Xincheng Pingzhuang Highway 3.5 1 [123]
9 Extension 3rd phase eastern section Caolu Caolu Railway Station 3 1
21 2nd phase Liuchen Road Pudong Airport Terminal 3 14.0 4 Further Planning
Further Planning 20 2nd phase Gongqing Forest Park Zhouhai Road
21 3rd phase Dongjing Road Wusong Cruise Terminal
22 Nanxiang Ferry Terminal
23 2nd phase Minhang Development Zone Chedun
24 Yangheng West Zhoupu 38
25 Yishan Road Jiwang 21
26 2nd Loop Line 42 30
27 28

Network Map

Map


See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c This figure excludes the Maglev line and Jinshan railway, both often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system.
  2. ^ a b c 458 is the number of stations if interchanges on different lines are counted separately, with the exception of the 9 stations shared by Lines 3 and 4 on the same track. There are 371 unique stations (if interchanges on different lines are counted only once); MTA New York City Subway is the system with the most unique stations, namely 424 stations. The stations on the Maglev line and Jinshan railway are not included.
  3. ^ a b This figure excludes the Maglev line and Jinshan railway, both often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system. If the Maglev line is included, the length of the network is 772 km (479.7 mi).
  4. ^ As of December 2018, only Jinshan and Chongming districts are not served.
  5. ^ A "*" indicates single line record high
  6. ^ Thomb Sweeping Day
  7. ^ a b Women's Day leisure shopping
  8. ^ Shanghai Metro indicates interchange within the Shanghai Metro network, ``Other`` indicates interchange with other public transport mode.
  9. ^ In some cases, virtual interchanges in place during a period of construction were superseded by physical interchanges at the completion of the construction. For example, Hongkou Football Stadium station was previously a virtual interchange between Lines 3 and 8. Another previously virtual interchange was South Shaanxi Road station between Lines 1 and 10; after the opening of an extension of line 12 to the station in December 2015 transfers among all three lines became a physical interchange.
  10. ^ Tc: Trailer with cab; Mp: EMU with pantograph; M: EMU without pantograph
  11. ^ In a Grade-of-Automation 2 (GoA2) system, trains run automatically from station to station but a driver is in the cab, with responsibility for door closing, obstacle detection on the track in front of the train and handling of emergency situations. As in a GoA3 system, the GoA2 train cannot operate safely without the staff member on board.
  12. ^ In a Grade-of-Automation 3 (GoA3) system, trains run automatically from station to station but a staff member is always in the train, with responsibility for handling of emergency situations. In a GoA3 system, the train cannot operate safely without the staff member on board.
  13. ^ In a Grade-of-Automation 4 (GoA4) system, trains are capable of operating automatically at all times, including door closing, obstacle detection and emergency situations. On-board staff may be provided for other purposes, e.g. customer service, but are not required for safe operation. Controls are often provided to drive the train manually in the event of a computer failure.

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