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Saud Al Kabeer bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

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Not to be confused with his nephew King Saud bin Abdulaziz or Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Muhammad, who was also called Al Kabeer.

Saud Al Kabeer bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Born1882
Died1959 (aged 76–77)
SpouseNoura bint Abdul Rahman Al Saud
Hessa bint Abdulaziz Al Saud
Issue
  • Abdulaziz bin Saud
  • Abdul Rahman bin Saud
  • Mohammed bin Saud
  • Turki bin Saud
  • Fahd bin Saud
  • Sultan bin Saud
  • Abdullah bin Saud
  • Al Jawhara bint Saud
Names
Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Saud bin Faisal bin Turki
HouseHouse of Saud
FatherAbdulaziz bin Saud Al Saud
MotherWahda bint Hazam Al Hithlain

Saud Al Kabeer bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (Template:Lang-ar Suʿūd Al Kabīr ibn ʿAbdulʿazīz Āl Suʿūd;[1] 1882–1959) was a grandson of Saud bin Faisal bin Turki and a cousin and important supporter of King Abdulaziz, founder of Saudi Arabia.[2] Through his marriages he became the brother-in-law and later the son-in-law of King Abdulaziz. Prince Saud was one of the most known Najdi people.[3]

Early life and activities

Prince Saud was born in Riyadh in 1882.[2][4] He was the eldest son of Abdulaziz bin Saud Al Saud and Wahda bint Hazam Al Hithlain of Ajman.[2] His grandfather, Saud bin Faisal bin Turki, and great-grandfather, Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah, were the rulers of the Second Saudi State.[5]

Following the capture of Riyadh by the Rashidi Emir Muhammad bin Abdullah in 1891 Saud and his relatives were arrested and taken to Qasim.[6] In 1904 Abdulaziz took Qasim where he found that Prince Saud and his five brothers were there under the rule of the Al Rashid.[7] Abdulaziz brought all of his cousins whom he called al araif (meaning lost and recollected camels) to Riyadh and made them part of his circle, but gave them no political position.[7][8] Prince Saud, his brothers and a few of his cousins challenged the rule of Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman.[9] In 1910 when Abdulaziz was not in Riyadh, Prince Saud and his brothers left Riyadh and joined the rebellious Ajman tribe with whom they established a base in Hariq and Hauta in the south of Riyadh.[7] In 1912 Abdulaziz attacked on them and asked them either to return to Riyadh with him or to go into exile.[7] Prince Saud and his brother Mohammed chose to return with him, but one of his brothers escaped to Hasa and the others chose to refuge with Sharif Hussein of Hejaz who was the competitor of Abdulaziz.[7]

Following this incident Prince Saud played a vital role in uniting the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, having fought side by side with Abdulaziz in many battles and having led the armies to reclaim many lands. He helped reclaim Ha'il, Jeddah, and Sablah. He played a pivotal role in the battles of the Al Qassim region. He also led the Saudi army to reclaim the west coast of the Arabian peninsula including Rabigh, Yanbu, and Medina. Prince Saud and Abdulaziz's brother Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman led the forces which helped Abdulaziz in the battle of Kanzan in 1915.[10] Only through their assistance Abdulaziz managed to defeat the Al Ajman tribe who surrounded Abdulaziz's forces for almost six months after killing Abdulaziz's younger brother Saad bin Abdul Rahman and wounding Abdulaziz.[10] Later Prince Saud was made governor of Al Qassim.[9] Because he was respected and loved by the people, and also due to his vast knowledge of religion, King Abdulaziz would rely on Prince Saud to dispute tribal issues.

Personal life

King Abdulaziz, brother-in-law and then, father-in-law of Prince Saud

Prince Saud married to Noura bint Abdul Rahman, the daughter of Abdul Rahman bin Faisal and sister of King Abdulaziz.[11][12] Saud's brother, Mohammed, also married a daughter of Abdul Rahman, Mounira.[13] And later on after Noura's death, Saud married Hessa, the daughter of King Abdulaziz.[11] Prince Saud and Princess Noura had two daughters, Hassa and Al Jawhara, and a son, Mohammed. Prince Mohammed was a senior and respected prince due to his powerful tribal knowledge and connections.[14] Princess Al Jawhara was one of King Faisal's spouses.[3]

Prince Saud and his wife, Noura, lived in Sharia Palace in Alkharag city.[15] Then, they moved to the newly built Al Shamsiah Palace, outside Riyadh[16] which is in the Al Murabba neighborhood.[11][17]

One of Prince Saud's great grandsons, Turki bin Saud bin Turki, was executed in October 2016 due to his killing of a friend in 2013.[18]

Prince Saud died in 1959.[4]

References

  1. ^ Also spelled Al Kabir, "The Great"
  2. ^ a b c Sharaf Sabri (2001). The House of Saud in Commerce: A Study of Royal Entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia. Sharaf Sabri. p. 213. ISBN 978-81-901254-0-6.
  3. ^ a b "Saudi Arabia" (Country Readers Series). Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. p. 57. Retrieved 7 January 2021.
  4. ^ a b Falih Al Dhibyani (16 May 2011). "Noura, a trusted sister of Kingdom's founder". Saudi Gazette. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 29 April 2012.
  5. ^ Leslie McLoughlin (21 January 1993). Ibn Saud: Founder of A Kingdom. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p. 206. ISBN 978-1-349-22578-1.
  6. ^ Naila Al Sowayel (1990). An historical analysis of Saudi Arabia's foreign policy in time of crisis: The October 1973 War and the Arab Oil Embargo (PhD thesis). Georgetown University. p. 28. ProQuest 303848353. Retrieved 27 May 2021.
  7. ^ a b c d e Nadav Safran (1988). Saudi Arabia: The Ceaseless Quest for Security. Cornell University Press. p. 33-34. doi:10.7591/9781501718557-008. ISBN 9780801494840.
  8. ^ Alexander Blay Bligh (1981). Succession to the throne in Saudi Arabia. Court Politics in the Twentieth Century (PhD thesis). Columbia University. p. 38. ProQuest 303101806. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  9. ^ a b Mohammad Zaid Al Kahtani (October 2004). The foreign policy of King Abdulaziz (1927-1953): A study in the international relations of an emerging state (PDF) (PhD thesis). University of Leeds. p. 87, 89. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  10. ^ a b Talal Sha'yfan Muslat Al Azma (1999). The role of the Ikhwan under 'Abdul'Aziz Al Sa'ud 1916-1934 (PDF) (PhD thesis). Durham University. p. 65. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  11. ^ a b c "نورة بنت عبدالرحمن.. السيدة الأولى". Al Ayam (in Arabic). 24 May 2020. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  12. ^ Richard Ben Cramer (15 May 1983). "What Hath Allah Wrought?". Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia. ProQuest 1814359370. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  13. ^ Madawi Al Rasheed (2010). A History of Saudi Arabia (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 70. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511993510. ISBN 978-0-5217-4754-7.
  14. ^ Louisa Dris-Aït-Hamadouche; Yahia H. Zoubir (Spring 2007). "The US-Saudi Relationship and the Iraq War: The Dialectics of a Dependent Alliance". Journal of Third World Studies. 24 (2): 124. ProQuest 233188283.
  15. ^ "Noura bint Abdul Rahman.. Adviser to the King and the Secrets Portfolio". Saudi 24 News. 17 May 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  16. ^ "Murabba Palace: The historical divan of King Abdul Aziz". McClatchy - Tribune Business News. Jeddah. 24 September 2012. ProQuest 1065122513. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  17. ^ H. St. J. B. Philby (Spring 1959). "Riyadh: Ancient and Modern". Middle East Journal. 13 (2): 129–141. JSTOR 4323104.
  18. ^ Habib Toumi (20 October 2016). "Final hours of executed Saudi prince recounted". Gulf News. Manama. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
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