Special relationship (international relations)
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A special relationship is a diplomatic relationship that is especially strong and important. This term is usually used to refer to the relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom. In its extended use outside it and the Anglosphere, it has also been used to describe the whole of EU–US relations[1] and the following relations:
- Albania–Kosovo relations
- Albania–Italy relations
- Angola–Portugal relations
- Armenia–Greece relations
- Armenia–Russia relations[2][3][4]
- Australia–Ireland relations
- Australia–New Zealand relations
- Australia–United States relations
- Azerbaijan–Turkey relations[5][6]
- Azerbaijan–Israel relations
- Belarus–Russia relations
- Bhutan–India relations[7][8]
- Brazil–Portugal relations[9]
- Canada–Netherlands relations[10]
- Canada–Ukraine relations
- Canada–United States relations[11][12][13][14]
- Cape Verde–Portugal relations
- China–Germany relations[15]
- China–North Korea relations
- China–Pakistan relations[16][17]
- China–Russia relations[18][19]
- Cyprus–Greece relations
- Cyprus–Israel relations
- Czech Republic–Slovakia relations
- Denmark–Finland relations
- Denmark–Iceland relations
- Denmark–Norway relations
- Denmark–Sweden relations
- Egypt–Sudan relations[20]
- Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations[21][22][23][24]
- Estonia–Finland relations
- Finland–Iceland relations
- Finland–Norway relations
- Finland–Sweden relations
- France–Germany relations[25]
- France–Greece relations[26]
- France–India relations[27]
- France–Monaco relations[28]
- France–United States relations[29]
- Germany–Israel relations
- Germany–Italy relations[30]
- Germany–United States relations[31][32]
- Ghana-Nigeria relations
- Greece–Italy relations[33][34][35][36]
- Greece–Serbia relations
- Holy See–Italy relations[37][38]
- Hungary–Poland relations
- Iceland–Norway relations
- Iceland–Sweden relations
- Ireland–South Africa relations
- Italy–Malta relations
- Italy–Libya relations
- Italy–San Marino relations
- India–Israel relations[39]
- India–Japan relations
- Indonesia–Malaysia relations
- Indonesia–Netherlands relations
- Indonesia–Thailand relations
- Indonesia–Suriname relations
- Iran–Venezuela relations
- Israel–Singapore relations
- Israel–United States relations[40]
- Japan–United States relations[41][42][43][44]
- Japan–Philippines relations
- Kazakhstan–Russia relations
- Laos–Vietnam relations[45][46][47][48]
- Mozambique–Portugal relations
- Moldova–Romania relations
- Netherlands–South Africa relations
- Netherlands–United Kingdom relations
- Nigeria-South Africa relations
- New Zealand–Ireland relations
- Norway–Sweden relations
- Pakistan–Saudi Arabia relations[49][50][51]
- Poland–Vietnam relations
- Portugal–São Tomé and Príncipe relations
- Portugal–Spain relations
- Portugal–United Kingdom relations
- Philippines–Spain relations
- Philippines–United States relations
- Qatar–Turkey relations
- Russia–Serbia relations
- Russia–Venezuela relations
- Russia–India relations
- Saudi Arabia–United States relations
- Taiwan–United States relations[52]
- Relations between the United Kingdom and former colonies:[53][54]
- Australia–United Kingdom relations
- Canada–United Kingdom relations
- Egypt–United Kingdom relations[55]
- India–United Kingdom relations[56][57]
- Ireland–United Kingdom relations
- Israel–United Kingdom relations
- Jordan–United Kingdom relations
- Malta–United Kingdom relations
- New Zealand–United Kingdom relations
- Singapore–United Kingdom relations
- South Africa–United Kingdom relations[58]
- United Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations[59][60][61]
- United Kingdom–United States relations
- Venezuela–Cuba relations
See also
References
- ^ "European Union – EEAS (European External Action Service) – The EU and the US: a special relationship".
- ^ Khachatrian, Haroutiun (15 February 2001). "Armenians Worry About Special Relationship with Russia". EurasiaNet.
- ^ Demytrie, Rayhan (10 August 2016). "Armenians challenge age-old links to Russia". BBC News.
Armenia has maintained a special relationship with Russia since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991...
- ^ Kambeck, Michael (1 June 2014). "Between the big blocs: Armenian foreign policy untangled". European View. 13. Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies: 29–38. doi:10.1007/s12290-014-0298-2. S2CID 154016333.
The author analyses the special relationship with Russia...
- ^ Kardas, Saban. "Turkey Develops Special Relationship with Azerbaijan". Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
- ^ Katik, Mevlut. "Azerbaijan and Turkey Coordinate Nagorno-Karabakh Negotiation Position". EurasiaNet. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
- ^ Handle with care, Bhutan is a friend
- ^ "Narendra Modi leaves for Bhutan on his first foreign visit as PM" – via The Economic Times.
- ^ "Foreign policy – Americas". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Lisbon. Archived from the original on 26 December 2011. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
- ^ [1]
- ^ Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent said: "the special nature of our relationship to the United Kingdom and the United States complicates our responsibilities..." quoted in: H.H. Herstien, L.J. Hughes, R.C. Kirbyson. Challenge & Survival: The History of Canada (Scarborough, ON: Prentice-Hall, 1970). p 411
- ^ Canada in North America: Farewell to the 'Special Relationship',
- ^ "FindArticles.com – CBSi".
- ^ "Allan Gotlieb: Bring back the special relationship". Retrieved 17 January 2008.[dead link]
- ^ Shannon Tiezzi, The Diplomat. "China and Germany's 'Special Relationship' – The Diplomat". The Diplomat.
- ^ "China-Pakistan relations". International Policy Digest. 3 November 2013. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ^ "China-Pakistan friendship 'sweeter than honey', says Nawaz Sharif". The Telegraph. 5 July 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ^ Smolchenko, Anna. "Putin Welcomes China's Xi for landmark talks." AFP. 22 March 2013.
- ^ "China-Russia: a special relationship". Euronews. 22 March 2013. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
- ^ Charles A. Seldon, 'Britain Uncertain on Trade-War Gain', New York Times (9 May 1934), pg. 3.
- ^ "Emirates Forges Special Relationship With El-Sissi's Egypt". Associated Press. 6 March 2015 – via The New York Times.
- ^ "Sisi: UAE-Egypt relations will always be special". Al Arabiya English. 19 January 2015.
- ^ Rania El Gamal and William Maclean (17 February 2013). "Analysis: Rise of Islamists frays strategic UAE-Egyptian relations". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
- ^ "Al Sisi's visit bolsters UAE-Egypt ties". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ "What′s so special about the Franco-German relationship? – Europe – DW.COM – 07.05.2012". DW.COM.
- ^ "france 24 – Greece hails 'special relationship' with France on Hollande visit – France 24". France 24.
- ^ "Exploring the India-France 'special relationship'". ORF.
- ^ "Monaco and the EU". EEAS – European External Action Service – European Commission.
- ^ Move over Britain, France is America’s ‘special’ friend, POlitico.eu, 4/30,2018
- ^ Deserri, Dario. "The Italian - German Relationship: The Role of Cultural Diplomacy in Europe" (PDF). www.culturaldiplomacy.org.
- ^ "The U.S.'s "Special Relationship" Is with Germany, Not Britain". 29 June 2016 – via hbr.org.
- ^ Oreskes, Benjamin. "Germany: America's real special relationship". POLITICO.
- ^ "Pavlopoulos and Mattarella confirm the longstanding Greek-Italian friendship (Παυλόπουλος και Ματαρέλα επιβεβαίωσαν τη μακρόχρονη ελληνοϊταλική φιλία)". documentonews.gr. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
- ^ "Pavlopoulos – Mattarella: Strong friendship and a common vision between Greece and Italy (Παυλόπουλος – Ματαρέλα: Δυνατή φιλία και κοινή οπτική μεταξύ Ελλάδας και Ιταλίας)". news247.gr. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
- ^ "Greece-Italy alliance (Ελλάδα-Ιταλία συμμαχία)". makthes.gr. Archived from the original on 6 March 2017. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
- ^ "A medal of honor for the Greek-Italian relations (Ενα παράσημο για τις ελληνοϊταλικές σχέσεις)". enet.gr. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
- ^ Frattini, Eric (12 March 2013). I corvi del Vaticano. ISBN 9788873397939.
- ^ "Patti lateranensi, 11 febbraio 1929 – Segreteria di Stato, card. Pietro Gasparri". www.vatican.va. Archived from the original on 13 August 2013.
- ^ Indian Foreign Policy. 2007. ISBN 9788171885930.
- ^ "Salon". Archived from the original on 10 June 2013.
- ^ "U.S.-Japanese Friendship: 70 Remarkable Years | Commentary". Roll Call. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
- ^ "The United States & Japan: The Perfect Model of Forgiveness in International Relations". Cennamology.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
- ^ Hongo, Jun. "U.S.-Japan Relations a Model of Reconciliation, Obama Says". WSJ Blogs – Japan Real Time. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
- ^ "5 facts to help understand the U.S.-Japan relationship". Pew Research Center. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
- ^ Zagioff, Joseph J (March 1987). "Vietnam and Laos: The Special Relationship". Department of State Washington DC Office of External Research. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
- ^ "China and Vietnam square off in Laos". Asia Times Online. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ^ "A New Role for an Old Tale: Vietnam as a Donor to Laos, Páginas 59–62". Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ^ "Dialogue on Laos and Vietnam". Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ^ Cafiero, Giorgio; Wagner, Daniel (23 November 2015). "Saudi Arabia and Pakistan's Evolving Alliance". Huffington Post. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Guzansky, Yoel (16 February 2016). "Pakistan and Saudi Arabia: How Special are the "Special Relations"?". The Institute for National Security Studies. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Teller, Neville (2016). The Chaos in the Middle East: 2014–2016. Troubador Publishing Ltd. p. 246. ISBN 9781785892820.
- ^ "Chairman Royce Meets with President Tsai in Taiwan". Committee on Foreign Affairs. United States House of Representatives. 1 September 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
- ^ 'Status of the Dominions', The Times (22 November 1926), pg. 9, col. C.
- ^ 'The Empire Reviewed', The Times (22 November 1926), pg. 14, col. A.
- ^ 'British Policy in Egypt', The Times (13 December 1929), pg. 15, col. E.
- ^ "Does India want a 'special relationship' with UK?". BBC News.
- ^ Dean Nelson in New Delhi (7 July 2010). "Ministers to build a new 'special relationship' with India". Telegraph.co.uk.
- ^ 'The Transvaal Blue-Book', The Times (16 September 1899), pg. 3, col. C.
- ^ Sultan Al Qassemi. "The other special relationship: the UAE and the UK".
- ^ Colin Simpson. "Sheikh Khalifa's trip will strengthen UK-UAE ties".
- ^ "الرئيسية – صاحب السمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم". Archived from the original on 31 December 2013.