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.in
File:Dotin logo.png
Introduced8 May 1989
TLD typeCountry code top-level domain
StatusActive
RegistryINRegistry
SponsorNational Internet Exchange of India
Intended useEntities connected with India
Actual useVery popular in India. Liberalisation of registration rules in 2005 led to a large increase in registrations including overseas registrations.
Registered domains2.01 million+ (July 2016)[1][2]
Registration restrictionsNo restrictions on who can register second-level domains or most third-level domains; various specific restrictions under some of those specialised subdomains.
StructureMay register at the second level or at the third level beneath generic-category 2nd-level domains
DocumentsPolicies
Dispute policies.IN Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (INDRP)
DNSSECYes
Registry websiteregistry.in
.भारत
Logo for .भारत, launched on 27 Aug 2014
Introduced2015
TLD typeInternationalised country code top-level domain
StatusActive
RegistryINRegistry
.இந்தியா
TLD typeInternationalised country code top-level domain
StatusActive
RegistryINRegistry
Registration restrictionsNo restrictions on who can register second-level domains or most third-level domains; restrictions under some specialised subdomains; should comply with certain Tamil phonological rules.[3]

.in is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for India.

Registry operator

The domain was originally managed by the National Centre for Software Technology (NCST) and its Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC). The Government of India issued an executive order in 2004 to transfer responsibility for managing .in domains to the newly created INRegistry under the authority of the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI). The National Informatics Centre (NIC), ERNET, and the Ministry of Defence were appointed as registrars for the gov.in, res.in and ac.in, and the mil.in domains respectively.[4][5]

In August 2018, NIXI appointed Neustar Data Infotech (India), a subsidiary of Neustar Inc, to be the country's new registry services provider. Neustar completed migration of existing .in domains to its registry infrastructure in March 2019. Neustar added the ability to register Indian-language domains in native script by enabling end-to-end web portal language support.[6]

Second-level domains

As of 2005, liberalised policies for the .in domain allow unlimited second-level registrations under .in. Unlimited registrations under the previously structured existing zones are also allowed:[7]

  • .in (available to anyone; used by companies, individuals, and organisations in India)
  • .co.in (intended for banks, registered companies, and trademarks)
  • .com.in (available to anyone; used by companies, individuals, and organisations in India)
  • .firm.in (intended for shops, partnerships, liaison offices, sole proprietorships)
  • .net.in (intended for Internet service providers)
  • .org.in (intended for nonprofit organisations)
  • .gen.in (intended for general/miscellaneous use)
  • .ind.in (intended for individuals)

Zones reserved for use by qualified institutions in India:[7]

  • .ernet.in (Older, for both educational and research institutes)[8][9]
  • .ac.in (Academic institutions)
  • .edu.in (Educational institutions)
  • .res.in (Indian research institutes)
  • .gov.in (Indian government)
  • .mil.in (Indian military organisations)

Before the introduction of liberalised registration policies for the .in domain, only 7000 names had been registered between 1992 and 2004. As of March 2010, the number had increased to over 610,000 domain names with 60% of registrations coming from India and the rest from overseas.[10] By October 2011, the number had surpassed 1 million domain names.[11] As of March 2016, the number has more than doubled to over 2 million domain names.[12]

The domain .nic.in is reserved for India's National Informatics Centre, but in practice most Indian government agencies have domains ending in .nic.in.

Restrictions on use of .in domains

As per the terms and conditions of the .in registry, domain privacy is not allowed.[13]

Internationalised domain names and country codes

India plans to introduce internationalised domain names in the 22 local languages used in India. As of October 2016, fifteen of these internationalised domain names were accepted by ICANN:

  • .भारत (Devanagari), became available with the following zones:[14]
Devanagari string Transliterated string
भारत .bharat
कंपनी.भारत company.bharat
विद्या.भारत vidya.bharat
सरकार.भारत sarkar.bharat

In 2016, an application for eight further domains were accepted. While Indian government also applied for .বাংলা(Bengali) it was given to competitive applicant Bangladesh Telecommunication company. They were not available (as of October 2016):[16] But, they are open for domain registration in India.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Registry.In | .IN is India's Country Code Top Level domain (ccTLD)". IN Registry. National Internet Exchange of India. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  2. ^ Agarwal, Surabhi; Alawadhi, Neha (27 July 2016). "IT Ministry plans ad campaign to promote .in domain name". The Economic Times. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  3. ^ "Internationalized Domain Names Tamil" (PDF). IN Registry. Retrieved 16 September 2021.
  4. ^ "About the .IN Registry". Registry.In. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  5. ^ ".in Registry | Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Government of India". meity.gov.in.
  6. ^ "Neustar logs in for .IN Domain". The Economic Times. 2 March 2019. Retrieved 23 March 2019.
  7. ^ a b "IN Registry Policies". Registry.In. 1 January 2005. Archived from the original on 19 January 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  8. ^ "ERNET Domain Registration". ERNET. Archived from the original on 6 July 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  9. ^ "ERNET's registry". ERNET. Archived from the original on 21 February 2005. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  10. ^ Chatterjee, Moumita Bakshi (13 March 2010). "'.in' domain registration crosses six-lakh mark". The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  11. ^ ".IN Passes One Million Registrations And Looks To Future For Growth". Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
  12. ^ "There are Over 2 Million .in (India) Registered Domains".
  13. ^ Registry.in. "Terms and Conditions for registrants" (PDF).
  14. ^ "Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs)". www.registry.in.
  15. ^ https://தமிழ்.இந்தியா
  16. ^ Pai, Vivek (18 April 2016). "ICANN approves Kannada, Malayalam, Assamese & Oriya domain names".
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