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Medical volunteerism

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Medical volunteerism, also medical volunteering, refers to volunteering in the context of providing medical treatment.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] While often seen in the context of volunteer physicians and nurses, the term can also cover the case of volunteers for clinical trials that are motivated by non-financial gains.[14] Medical volunteering has in general been praised as “ethical imperative to serve the disadvantaged”.[15]

Motivations of medical volunteers, analyzed through the Volunteer Functions Inventory framework, have been found to be focused on the values dimension first, followed by understanding, enhancement, social, career, and protective ones. Out of these, the first two were most important. In other words, the most common reason for medical volunteering is expressing or acting on important values, such as humanitarianism and helping those less fortunatem and seeking to learn more about the world and/or exercise skills that are often unused.[16]

Short term medical volunteerism abroad, often in developing countries, is sometimes criticized as medical voluntourism.[17][18][19][20][21] Such activities are criticized when compared to the alternative notion of sustainable capacities, i.e., work done in the context of long-term, locally-run, and foreign-supported infrastructures. A preponderance of this criticism appears largely in scientific and peer-reviewed literature.[22][23][24] Recently, media outlets with more general readerships have published such criticisms as well.[25]

See also

References

  1. ^ Stone, Geren S.; Olson, Kristian R. (2016-03-01). "The Ethics of Medical Volunteerism". Medical Clinics of North America. Travel and Adventure Medicine. 100 (2): 237–246. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.09.001. ISSN 0025-7125. PMID 26900110.
  2. ^ Asgary, Ramin; Junck, Emily (2013-10-01). "New trends of short-term humanitarian medical volunteerism: professional and ethical considerations". Journal of Medical Ethics. 39 (10): 625–631. doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100488. ISSN 0306-6800. PMID 23236086. S2CID 21597816.
  3. ^ DeCamp, Matthew (2011-06-01). "Ethical Review of Global Short-Term Medical Volunteerism". HEC Forum. 23 (2): 91–103. doi:10.1007/s10730-011-9152-y. ISSN 1572-8498. PMID 21604023. S2CID 664080.
  4. ^ Olakanmi, Ololade; Perry, Philip A. (2006-12-01). "Medical Volunteerism in Africa: An Historical Sketch". AMA Journal of Ethics. 8 (12): 863–870. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2006.8.12.mhst1-0612. ISSN 2376-6980. PMID 23241550.
  5. ^ Alcauskas, Megan Patrick (2006-12-01). "From Medical School to Mission: The Ethics of International Medical Volunteerism". AMA Journal of Ethics. 8 (12): 797–800. doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2006.8.12.fred1-0612. ISSN 2376-6980. PMID 23241536.
  6. ^ Mankamyer, Cynthia (November 2010). "Medical volunteerism: Tips from a nurse returned from Haiti". Nursing2021. 40 (11): 48–51. doi:10.1097/01.NURSE.0000388315.60522.cc. ISSN 0360-4039. PMID 20975432.
  7. ^ Saab, Basem; Alameddine, Reina (June 2018). "Reflections on medical volunteerism: free medical days for refugees". The British Journal of General Practice. 68 (671): 280–281. doi:10.3399/bjgp18X696413. ISSN 0960-1643. PMC 6002004. PMID 29853582.
  8. ^ Istl, Alexandra C.; McAlister, Vivian C. (December 2016). "Western University (No. 10 Canadian Stationary Hospital and No. 14 Canadian General Hospital): a study of medical volunteerism in the First World War". Canadian Journal of Surgery. 59 (6): 371–373. doi:10.1503/cjs.013716. ISSN 0008-428X. PMC 5125918. PMID 27827791.
  9. ^ Pickell, Zachary; Gu, Kathleen; Williams, Aaron M. (2020-12-01). "Virtual volunteers: the importance of restructuring medical volunteering during the COVID-19 pandemic". Medical Humanities. 46 (4): 537–540. doi:10.1136/medhum-2020-011956. ISSN 1468-215X. PMC 7445098. PMID 32820042.
  10. ^ Reynolds, Herbert Y. (2006-12-01). "Medical Volunteering: Giving Something Back". Lung. 184 (6): 369–371. doi:10.1007/s00408-006-0028-x. ISSN 1432-1750. PMID 17086461. S2CID 19130808.
  11. ^ Keelan, Emma (October 2015). "So you want to be a Medical Volunteer". The Ulster Medical Journal. 84 (3): 220–221. ISSN 0041-6193. PMC 4642253. PMID 26668428.
  12. ^ Elnawawy, Omnia; Lee, Andrew CK; Pohl, Gerda (2014-06-01). "Making short-term international medical volunteer placements work: a qualitative study". British Journal of General Practice. 64 (623): e329 – e335. doi:10.3399/bjgp14X680101. ISSN 0960-1643. PMC 4032015. PMID 24868070.
  13. ^ Potolidis, Dimitris (2020-05-08). "Medical Volunteerism in Times of COVID-19: Burden or Relief?". International Journal of Medical Students. 8 (2): 152–153. doi:10.5195/ijms.2020.550. ISSN 2076-6327. S2CID 218958807.
  14. ^ Stunkel, Leanne; Grady, Christine (2011-05-01). "More than the money: A review of the literature examining healthy volunteer motivations". Contemporary Clinical Trials. 32 (3): 342–352. doi:10.1016/j.cct.2010.12.003. ISSN 1551-7144. PMC 4943215. PMID 21146635.
  15. ^ Scott, H. Denman; Bell, Johanna; Geller, Stephanie; Thomas, Melinda (2000-01-05). "Physicians Helping the UnderservedThe Reach Out Program". JAMA. 283 (1): 99–104. doi:10.1001/jama.283.1.99. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 10632287.
  16. ^ Fletcher, Thomas D.; Major, Debra A. (2004-07-01). "Medical Students' Motivations to Volunteer: An Examination of the Nature of Gender Differences". Sex Roles. 51 (1): 109–114. doi:10.1023/B:SERS.0000032319.78926.54. ISSN 1573-2762. S2CID 145806672.
  17. ^ "The Future of Voluntourism", Ours to Explore, Potomac Books, pp. 163–178, 2021-06-01, doi:10.2307/j.ctv1k76jn5.17, S2CID 242372461, retrieved 2021-10-19
  18. ^ McLennan, Sharon (2014-04-01). "Medical voluntourism in Honduras: 'Helping' the poor?". Progress in Development Studies. 14 (2): 163–179. doi:10.1177/1464993413517789. ISSN 1464-9934. S2CID 144772758.
  19. ^ McCall, Daniel; Iltis, Ana S. (2014-12-01). "Health Care Voluntourism: Addressing Ethical Concerns of Undergraduate Student Participation in Global Health Volunteer Work". HEC Forum. 26 (4): 285–297. doi:10.1007/s10730-014-9243-7. ISSN 1572-8498. PMID 25079381. S2CID 27467732.
  20. ^ Ruffin, Madeline C. (2016). "Ethical Considerations in Medical Voluntourism: Application to Speech-Language Pathology". Honors College. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. ^ Bauer, Irmgard (2017-03-06). "More harm than good? The questionable ethics of medical volunteering and international student placements". Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines. 3: 5. doi:10.1186/s40794-017-0048-y. ISSN 2055-0936. PMC 5531079. PMID 28883975.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  22. ^ Bezruchka, S. (2000). Medical Tourism as Medical Harm to the Third World: Why? For Whom? Wilderness and Environmental Medicine, 11, 77–78.
  23. ^ Roberts, M. (2006). Duffle Bag Medicine. Journal of the American Medical Association, 295, 1491–1492.
  24. ^ Pinto, A.D., & Upshur, R.E.G. (2009). Global Health Ethics for Students. Developing World Bioethics, 9, 1–10.
  25. ^ Thompson, Jamie. "Think looking after turtles in Costa Rica for three weeks is good for your CV? Think again". The Conversation. Retrieved 2021-10-19.


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