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Vasco da Gama
Full nameClub de Regatas Vasco da Gama
Nickname(s)Vascão (Big Vasco)
Gigante da Colina (Giant of the Hill)
Almirante (Admiral)
Cruzmaltinos (Team of the Maltese Cross)
Os Camisas-Negras (The Black Shirts)
Expresso da Vitória (The Victory Express)
Trem-Bala da Colina (Bullet Train of the Hill)
Time da Virada (The Comeback Team)
Machão (Big Macho)
[1]
FoundedAugust 21, 1898; 126 years ago (1898-08-21) (Rowing Club)
November 26, 1915; 109 years ago (1915-11-26) (Football Club)
GroundSão Januário
Capacity21,880[2]
PresidentJorge Salgado
Head coachZé Ricardo
LeagueCampeonato Brasileiro Série B
Campeonato Carioca
2021
2021		Série B, 10th of 20
Carioca, 5th of 12
Websitehttps://www.vasco.com.br/
Current season
Team photo from the 1934 season

Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈklubi dʒi ʁeˈgatɐʃ ˈvaʃku dɐ ˈgɐ̃mɐ]), also known as Vasco da Gama or simply Vasco, is a Brazilian professional sports club based in Rio de Janeiro, in the neighborhood of Vasco da Gama. Although it competes in a number of different sports, Vasco is mostly known for its football team. It currently plays in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série B, the second tier of Brazilian football league system and in the Campeonato Carioca, the state of Rio de Janeiro's premier state league.[3]

Vasco was founded on August 21, 1898 as a rowing club, (the professional football department was created on November 26, 1915),[4][5] by Portuguese immigrants, and still has a strong fanbase among the Portuguese community of Rio de Janeiro. With more than 8 million supporters, Vasco is the fifth-most supported club in Brazil according to many studies.[6][7]

The club's home stadium is São Januário, which has a capacity of 21,880, making it the third biggest in Rio de Janeiro after Maracanã and Engenhão. Some matches (especially the city derbies) are played at the Maracanã (capacity of about 80,000). Vasco play in black shirts with a white diagonal sash that contains a cross pattée, black shorts and black socks.

Vasco played in two World Club championships in the '90s.

History

Foundation

In the late 19th century, rowing was the most important sport in Rio de Janeiro. At this time, four young men – Henrique Ferreira Monteiro, Luís Antônio Rodrigues, José Alexandre d'Avelar Rodrigues and Manuel Teixeira de Souza Júnior – who did not want to travel to Niterói to row with the boats of Gragoatá Club, decided to found a rowing club.

On August 21, 1898, in a room of the Sons of Talma Dramatic Society, 62 members (mostly Portuguese immigrants) formed the Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama (Vasco da Gama Rowing Club). Inspired by the celebrations of the 4th centenary of the first sail from Europe to India, the founders named the club in honor of Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama.[5] The emblem was created shortly after. The diagonal slash in the emblem represents the route that the victorious route the Portuguese explorer took, and the cross symbolizes the Christian faith.

On November 26, 1915, Vasco and Lusitania Sport Clube merged, resulting in the creation of Vasco's footballing department. Beginning in the lower leagues, the club's first match was played on May 3, 1916; a 10–1 loss to Paladino FC. Vasco became champion of the Carioca Serie B in 1922 and ascended to Serie A. Vasco won its first top-division title with the 1923 Campeonato Carioca, becoming champion with a team including whites, blacks and "mulatto" players of different social classes.

Overcoming social & class inequality

Football in Brazil at that time was a sport for the elites, and Vasco da Gama's racially diverse squad didn't appease them. In 1924 Vasco da Gama was pressured by the Metropolitan League to ban some players who were not considered adequate to play in the aristocratic league, notably because they were black or mulato and/or poor. After Vasco refused to comply with such a ban, the other big teams, including Fluminense, Flamengo and Botafogo created the Metropolitan Athletic Association and prohibited Vasco from participating unless it complied with their racist demands.

The former President of Vasco, José Augusto Prestes, responded with a letter that became known as the Historic Response, (Resposta Histórica),[8] which revolutionized the practice of sports in Brazil. After a few years, the racism barriers fell. Vasco da Gama had led the move toward a more inclusive football culture, forward-thinking not employed by leaders from Fluminense, Flamengo and Botafogo.

Even though the club was not the first to field black players, it was the first one to win a league with them, which led to an outcry to ban "blue-collar workers" from playing in the league - a move that in practice meant barring blacks from playing.

In 1925 Vasco was readmitted into the "elite" league, with its black and mulatto players. By 1933, when football became professional in Brazil, most of the big clubs had black players.

On April 21, 1927, Vasco's Stadium was inaugurated with a match against Santos. Santos won the match 5–3.[9] On April 26, 1931, Vasco had a historic 7–0 victory over rivals Flamengo; this is the largest victory margin between the two clubs.[10]

Expresso da Vitória (1944–53)

Between 1944 and 1953, the club was nicknamed Expresso da Vitória (Victory Express), as Vasco won several competitions in that period, such as the Rio de Janeiro championship in 1945, 1947, 1949, 1950, and 1952, and the South American Club Championship, the world's first ever continental club tournament, in 1948. In 1953, Vasco da Gama won its first intercontinental trophy, the Torneio Intercontinental Octogonal Rivadavia Correa Meyer. Players such as Ademir de Menezes, Moacyr Barbosa, Bellini and Ipojucan starred in Vasco's colors during that period.[11]

The Super-Superchampions Generation (1956–59)

In 1956, the Vascaínos became Rio de Janeiro champions and Little World Cup runner-up, losing the title to Di Stefano's Real Madrid, which Vasco would beat in a friendly shortly after the end of the tournament, becoming the first non-european club to defeat a European Champion.[12] In 1957, this generation toured Europe and won 10 consecutive matches, including yet another victory against European champion Real Madrid (4–3) on 14 June, which sealed the Paris Tournament title - this match was the first ever, at a competitive level, between two continental champions. It also was the only international tournament Real didn’t win between 1955 and 1960. Vasco would also beat Athletic Bilbao (champion of the Spanish League and Cup in the previous year) by winning the traditional Teresa Herrera Trophy with a 4–2 scoreline, and Barcelona (champion of the Spanish Cup a week earlier) inside Les Corts, with a historic scoreline of 2–7, the second worst defeat ever suffered at home by the Catalan team, and largest in international matches.[13] Benfica (Portuguese champion and Latin Cup runner-up) was also a victim of Vasco on this tour, losing to the Brazilian club with another impressive result, 5–2, in Lisbon on 30 June 1957.[14]

In early 1958, just before the World Cup, Vasco won the Rio-São Paulo Tournament, the most important championship in Brazil at the time, which in this edition included teams such as Santos of Pelé, Botafogo of Garrincha, Flamengo of Zagallo and Fluminense of Telê Santana. After this memorable title, three Vasco players had important parts in the campaign for the first Brazil World Cup title: Vavá (who scored five goals in the World Cup, including two in the final) and defenders Orlando and Bellini (the best defending pair of the tournament, Bellini was still the brazilian captain). After the World Cup, the team then won the greatest Carioca Championship of all time. In an epic competition against Flamengo of Zagallo and Botafogo of Garrincha and Nilton Santos (it needed two extra tiebreaker tournaments to decide the champion), Vasco became the carioca "super-superchampion" of 1958.

In 1959, the team went on to beat great European teams like Italian champion Milan and Atletico de Madrid (European Cup semi-finalist on that year) in the Metropolitano. Vasco was also Rio-São Tournament runner-up this year, only behind Santos of Pelé. Still in 1959, five Vasco players were called up for the 1959 Copa America: Paulinho, Orlando, Bellini, Coronel (defenders) and Almir (striker). Brazil would end the tournament unbeaten (four wins and two draws) with the four aforementioned Vasco players almost always being included in the starting eleven. Despite the good campaign, Argentina would keep the title, after ending the tournament with an extra victory. Vasco, together with Botafogo, was the club that most gave players to the Brazilian national team in that period. Most football lovers think this Vasco was one of the best clubs of the world at the time, and maybe the best in 1957–58.[15]

1997–2000: Second Golden era

After winning the Campeonato Brasileiro in 1997, beating Palmeiras in the final, Vasco started its Projeto Tóquio, and invested US$10 million to win the 1998 Copa Libertadores. Vasco da Gama won the Copa Libertadores in its Centenary Year, beating Barcelona of Ecuador in the finals 4–1 on aggregate, and 50 years after winning its first South American trophy (South American Championship of Champions).

By winning the Copa Libertadores title, Vasco da Gama faced the 1997–98 UEFA Champions League winners Real Madrid at the 1998 Intercontinental Cup, in Tokyo, Japan, losing 2–1.

As a result of their Copa Libertadores title two years prior, Vasco entered the inaugural 2000 FIFA Club World Championship held in Brazil. They beat Manchester United of England, Necaxa of Mexico, and South Melbourne of Australia in the group stage to reach the final. It finished 0–0 after extra time in an all-Brazilian clash with Corinthians, but Vasco lost 3–4 in the penalty shootout.

Also in 2000, Vasco won the Copa Mercosur against Palmeiras in a historic match on December 20, 2000. Typically the finals are played over two legs, but a third match would be needed if a different team won each leg. This ended up being the case; Vasco had won the first leg 2–0, but Palmeiras won the second leg 1–0 six days later. Trailing 3–0 at the end of first-half, with Palmeiras scoring 2 goals in less than a minute, Vasco managed to score 3 goals to level the match at 3–3 with five minutes remaining, while playing with 10 men after Júnior Baiano got a red card in the 77th minute. In the 93rd minute, Romário scored a decisive goal and Vasco won the match 4–3.[16] The match is still considered one of the best games in Brazilian history.[17][18]

Vasco won the Copa João Havelange in 2000. Seen as a controversial competition organized by Clube dos 13 rather than CBF, Vasco played São Caetano in the finals. The club drew the first game 1–1 at Estádio Palestra Itália, and the second game was called off by Rio de Janeiro State Governor Anthony Garotinho in the first half because a fence collapsed at São Januário Stadium, which resulted in the injuries of many fans.[19][20][21] Despite the disaster, Vasco won the rescheduled second leg 3–1 to lift the trophy.

2012 Vasco shirt

2008: First ever Relegation

The team finished the 2008 Série A in a disastrous 18th place and was relegated to the second division for the first time since its foundation, 110 years before. Until then, it had been one of only six clubs to have never been relegated from the first division, along with Cruzeiro, Flamengo, Santos and São Paulo,[22] (though the last two didn't participate in the 1979 Brazilian Championship's ,[22] in order to avoid conflicts with Paulista Championship schedule.)

Vasco secured their return to Serie A in their first attempt, sealing promotion to the 2010 Série A on November 7, 2009 with a 2–1 victory over Juventude at Maracanã.

2011: The Redemption Year

Main article: 2011 CR Vasco da Gama season

After failing to win the Copa do Brasil, Vasco da Gama found success in 2011, lifting that year's trophy. Victory came against Coritiba in the 2011 Copa do Brasil final. Vasco came second in the 2011 Brazilian Série A, enjoying an excellent campaign. The club also ended the year as semifinalists in the Copa Sudamericana, a competition that saw the club defeat Palmeiras, Aurora and Universitario in historic fashion before being eliminated by Universidad de Chile. The season was dubbed the "Redemption Year of Vasco da Gama", with many lauding Vasco as one of Brazilian football's elite teams once again.

2012: Campeonato Brasileiro and Libertadores

In 2012, Vasco was a finalist in the two final rounds of the Campeonato Carioca, after beating Flamengo in the two semifinals. Vasco saved their best performances in that year for the Copa Libertadores. After a good campaign the team was eliminated in the quarterfinals by Corinthians, who landed an 88th-minute goal to snatch victory. In the Brazilian Championship, the team set the record for 54 consecutive rounds in the G4 (continuing from the 2011 and 2012 seasons), although they ultimately missed out on qualifying for the Libertadores the following year.

2013-present, mixed results

After a good season in 2012, Vasco started their 2013 poorly and were hampered by financial issues. By the end of the year, the club had been relegated for the second time. After one season in the Serie B, the team gained promotion. That didn't last long, as they were relegated again in the 2015 edition, placing eighteenth. Once again, they were promoted after one season in the B-level league, and in the 2020 season they were relegated again.

Other sports

Although best known as a football, rowing and swimming club, Vasco da Gama is actually a comprehensive sports club. Its basketball section, CR Vasco da Gama Basquete (three times Brazilian Champion and four times South-American Champion) produced current NBA player Nenê. The club is also the first Brazilian club to play against an NBA team, against San Antonio Spurs, in 1999, in the McDonald's Championship final. Its rowing team is one of the best of Brazil and of the continent, which swimmers regularly represent Brazil in international competitions. Vasco da Gama also has a four-times National Champion women's soccer team as well. Vasco's beach soccer team is one of the best in the world, being once World Champion, three times South-American Champion and many times National Champion. In addition to these, Vasco has many other sports with World, South Americans and Brazilians titles.

Players

First team squad

As of 17 January 2022

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK Brazil BRA Thiago Rodrigues
3 DF Brazil BRA Léo Matos
4 DF Brazil BRA Anderson Conceição
5 MF Brazil BRA Yuri Lara
6 DF Brazil BRA Edimar
7 MF Brazil BRA Bruno Nazário
8 MF Brazil BRA Vitinho (on loan from Corinthians)
9 FW Brazil BRA Raniel (on loan from Santos)
10 MF Brazil BRA Nenê (captain)
11 FW Brazil BRA Gabriel Pec
17 DF Brazil BRA Weverton (on loan from Red Bull Bragantino)
18 MF Brazil BRA Matheus Barbosa
19 MF Paraguay PAR Matías Galarza
No. Pos. Nation Player
22 GK Brazil BRA Alexander
24 GK Brazil BRA Halls
25 FW Ecuador ECU Jhon Sánchez (on loan from Independiente del Valle)
28 GK Brazil BRA Lucão
32 MF Brazil BRA Matheus Nunes
33 MF Argentina ARG Martín Sarrafiore (on loan from Internacional)
40 DF Brazil BRA Ulisses
45 DF Brazil BRA Riquelme
46 MF Brazil BRA Isaque (on loan from Grêmio)
50 MF Brazil BRA Juninho
— DF Ecuador ECU Luis Cangá
— MF Brazil BRA Laranjeira

Reserve team

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
15 FW Brazil BRA Figueiredo
30 MF Brazil BRA Caio Eduardo
34 MF Brazil BRA Marlon Gomes
41 DF Brazil BRA Galvão
No. Pos. Nation Player
42 DF Brazil BRA Yuri
49 FW Brazil BRA Vinícius
57 GK Brazil BRA Cadu
— MF Brazil BRA Andrey Santos

Other players under contract

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
20 MF Brazil BRA Weverton Jesus
23 MF Brazil BRA Bruno Gomes
27 FW Brazil BRA Tiago Reis
35 DF Brazil BRA Miranda
48 DF Brazil BRA Menezes
No. Pos. Nation Player
— GK Brazil BRA Vanderlei
— DF Brazil BRA Leandro Castán
— DF Brazil BRA Luiz Felipe
— FW Brazil BRA Kaio Magno
— FW Brazil BRA Róger

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
— GK Brazil BRA Fintelman (on loan at Bangu until 3 April 2022)
— DF Brazil BRA Cayo Tenório (on loan at Azuriz until 31 December 2022)

Technical staff

Position Name
Head coach Zé Ricardo
Assistant coach Cléber dos Santos
Emílio Faro
Sandro Gomes
Fitness coach Daniel Félix
Fábio Eiras
Marcelo Arouca
Goalkeeping coach Daniel Crizel
José Alberto
Performance Analyst Alexandre Cosme
Eduardo Lung
Lucas Gonzaga
Thiago Hildebrandt
Manager Carlos Brazil

Honours

International

Continental

World

Domestic

National

State

  • Campeonato Carioca (24): 1923, 1924, 1929, 1934, 1936, 1945, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1952, 1956, 1958, 1970, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1998, 2003, 2015, 2016
  • Taça Guanabara (13): 1965, 1976, 1977, 1986, 1987, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2016, 2019
  • Taça Rio (11): 1984, 1988, 1992, 1993, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2017, 2021
  • Torneio Inicio (10): 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1942, 1944, 1945
  • Torneio Municipal do Rio de Janeiro (4): 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947
  • Torneio Relâmpago (2): 1944, 1946
  • Torneio Extra (2): 1973, 1990[24]
  • Other state championships (9): 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1988, 1997

Interstate

  • Copa dos Campeões Estaduais Rio-São Paulo: 1937

Other


Statistics

Explanation:

Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
Increase Promoted
Decrease Relegated

Former head coaches

Top scorers

Updated November 2015

Top scorers
Pos. Player Goals
1 Brazil Roberto Dinamite (1970–79), (1980–89), (1990), (1992–93) 702
2 Brazil Romário (1985–88), (1999–02), (2005–06), (2007) 326
3 Brazil Ademir Menezes (1942–45), (1948–56) 345
4 Brazil Pinga (1953–61) 250
5 Brazil Russinho (1924–34) 225
Brazil Ipojucan (1944–54) 225
7 Brazil Vavá (1951–64) 191
8 Brazil Sabará (1952–64) 165
9 Brazil Lelé (1943–48) 147
10 Brazil Valdir Bigode (1992–95), (2002–04) 143
11 Brazil Edmundo (1992), (1996–97), (1999–00), (2003), (2008) 138
12 Brazil Maneca (1947–55) 137

Most goals in a season

  1. Romário – 70 goals in 2000
  2. Roberto Dinamite – 61 goals in 1981

Stadium

CR Vasco da Gama at Estádio São Januário, September 2008
Main article: Estádio São Januário

Vasco da Gama's stadium is Estádio São Januário, inaugurated in 1927, with a maximum capacity of 35.000 people. The National Championship games have a maximum capacity of 21.880 people, for security reasons.[2]

Rivals

Vasco's biggest rivals are from the same city: Fluminense, Botafogo and Flamengo, with the latter being its biggest rival. The games between Vasco and Flamengo ("Millions Derby") are the most watched in Brazil. The matches are usually played in the Maracanã, and reunite two of the biggest crowds of Rio de Janeiro.[27]

Kit evolution

Vasco da Gama's kit evolution

Vasco da Gama is one of the oldest Brazilian clubs and has had several different kits in its history. Vasco da Gama's first kit, used in rowing, was created in 1898, and was completely black, with a left diagonal sash.

Vasco da Gama's first football kit, created in 1916, was completely black, and was easily identified because of the presence of a white tie and a belt.

In 1929, the club's kit was changed. The tie and the belt were removed. However, the kit remained all-black.

In the 1930s, the home kit's color was changed again. The kit became black with a white right diagonal sash.

In 1945, the kit's color was changed to white, and a black diagonal sash was introduced. The sash was introduced because the club's manager at the time, the Uruguayan Ondino Viera liked the sash used in his previous club's kit, River Plate, of Argentina, and adopted this pattern in Vasco da Gama's away kit. So, both kits had a right diagonal sash.[28]

In 1988, the sash located on the back of the shirt was removed.

In 1998, the kit design was changed again. This kit became very similar to the 1945 one. However, a thin red line was placed around the sash.

Vasco has currently three kits. The home shirt's main color is black with a white sash. The short and the socks are black. The away kit is similar to the home kit, but the main color is white, the sash is black, and the shorts and socks are white. In 2009–10 the third kit was all white, with a red "cross of the Knights Templar". In 2010, the away kit changed to black in honor of 1923's team, which gave up playing for having black players, which were not allowed to play with white players at that time. This was one of the most important steps in the club's history, the fight against racism and discrimination. The current, third kit brings the symbol of an open hand with "Respect & Equality" in the left chest, and "Democracy and Equality" in the shirt collar.[29]

Since July 2009, after breaking the partnership with Champs,[30] the official jerseys are produced by Penalty.[31]

Logo and flag

The eight stars on the badge and flag signify: 1- South American Championship of Champions: 1948; 2- Copa Libertadores: 1998; 3- Copa Mercosur: 2000; 4- Campeonato Brasileiro Série A: 1974; 5- 1989; 6- 1997; 7- 2000; 8- The Unbeaten Championship of Earth-and-sea of 1945.

Anthems

Vasco's official anthem was composed in 1918, by Joaquim Barros Ferreira da Silva, it was the club's first anthem.[32] There is another official anthem, created in the 1930s, called "Meu Pavilhão" (meaning My Pavilion), whose lyrics were composed by João de Freitas and music by Hernani Correia. This anthem replaced the previous one. The club's most popular anthem, however, is an unofficial anthem composed by Lamartine Babo in 1942.

Supporters

Vasco da Gama is the second most supported football club in Rio de Janeiro, and varies between the third and fifth most supported in Brazil. The club's support is very diverse stretching across social class lines, however the core of most Vasco da Gama support lies within the working class of the Northern Zone of Rio de Janeiro and Rio outskirt cities like Niterói. Vasco da Gama have significant support in other regions in Brazil notably the Northeastern and North regions as well as strongholds in southern Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo and in Santa Catarina (in South Region). Vasco also have a huge support in Distrito Federal.

Vasco da Gama have many celebrity supporters, including Pelé (soccer player), Fátima Bernardes (journalist – TV Globo), Rodrigo Santoro (actor), Eri Johnson (actor), Marcos Palmeira (actor), Juliana Paes (actress), Sérgio Loroza (actor), Paulinho da Viola (singer), Roberto Carlos (singer), Erasmo Carlos (singer), Martinho da Vila (singer), Fernanda Abreu (singer), Viviane Araújo (model), Renata Santos (model), Sergio Cabral Filho (Rio de Janeiro State former governor), Eduardo Paes (Rio de Janeiro mayor), Nelson Piquet (Formula 1 former champion), amongst others.

Vasco da Gama's torcidas organizadas have a strong friendship with torcidas organizadas of Atlético Mineiro, Palmeiras, Grêmio and Bahia. This alliance, having the 25 year friendship of torcidas Força Jovem Vasco, Mancha Verde do Palmeiras and Galoucura do Atlético Mineiro, utilize the code name D.P.A. – Dedos Para o Alto.

  • Torcida Força Jovem Vasco[33]
  • Guerreiros do Almirante
  • Torcida Organizada do Vasco
  • Kamikazes Vascaínos
  • Pequenos Vascaínos
  • Renovascão Vasco Campeão
  • ResenVasco
  • VasBoaVista
  • União Vascaína
  • Ira Jovem Vasco
  • Torcida Expresso da Vitória

Clubs named after Vasco

Due to Vasco's tradition, several clubs are named after it, including Associação Desportiva Vasco da Gama, of Acre state, founded in 1952, Vasco Esporte Clube, of Sergipe state, founded in 1931, Esporte Clube Vasco da Gama, of Americana, São Paulo state, founded in 1958, Vasco Sports Club, which is an Indian football club founded in 1951, and CR Vasco da Gama Football Club, which is a South African football club founded in 1980. Tomazinho Futebol Clube, from São João de Meriti, Rio de Janeiro state, founded in 1930, has a logo strongly inspired by Vasco's logo, and share the same colors.

References

  • Enciclopédia do Futebol Brasileiro, Volume 1 – Lance, Rio de Janeiro: Aretê Editorial S/A, 2001.
  1. ^ {{cite web|url=https://www.netvasco.com.br/mauroprais/vasco/curios1.html%7Ctitle=Vasco - Apelidos do Clube|translated-title= Vasco - Club Nicknames| publisher=Netvasco.com |access-date= December 29, 2021))
  2. ^ a b "Vasco x Timão: novo laudo expande capacidade para 21.880 mil pessoas". globoesporte (in Portuguese). November 13, 2015. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
  3. ^ UNZELTE, Celso – O Livro de Ouro do Futebol; page 689 (Editora Ediouro, 2002) – ISBN 85-00-01036-3
  4. ^ "Vasco da Gama's official site – The History of CR Vasco da Gama". Archived from the original on January 31, 2009. Retrieved March 26, 2008.
  5. ^ a b História 1898–1923 NetVasco.com
  6. ^ "As Maiores Torcidas do Brasil" [The largest fanbases in Brazil]. Rsssf Brasil. September 25, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ "IBGE divulga lista atualizada dos clubes do Brasil com mais torcedores". Somos Fanáticos (in Brazilian Portuguese). September 3, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ "Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama". Archived from the original on March 3, 2009. Retrieved July 21, 2015.
  9. ^ "Históry 1924-1943". NetVasco.com. Retrieved December 30, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ "Maior goleada do Clássico dos Milhões, Vasco 7 x 0 Urubu completa 88 anos". netvasco (in Brazilian Portuguese). April 26, 2019. Retrieved December 29, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ^ "Esquadrão Imortal – Vasco 1945-1952". Imortais do Futebol (in Brazilian Portuguese). August 30, 2012. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  12. ^ "EN PARTIDO AMISTOSO VASCO DA GAMA VENCIO AL MADRID POR 2 - 0". hemeroteca - mundodeportivo.com. July 22, 1956. p. 4. Retrieved December 30, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ "Em 1957, Vasco também humilhou o Barcelona: 7 a 2. Lembre como foi o jogo" [In 1957, Vasco also humiliated Barcelona: 7-2. Remember how the game was]. globo esporte (in Brazilian Portuguese). August 14, 2020. Retrieved December 30, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "Há 56 anos, Vasco goleava o Benfica em Lisboa por 5 a 2". SuperVasco (in Brazilian Portuguese). June 30, 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  15. ^ "História, 1953-1970". Netvasco.com. Retrieved December 30, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ^ "Vasco é campeão da Mercosul com virada histórica sobre o Palmeiras". netvasco. Retrieved July 21, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: Melhor Jogo da História - Vasco 4x3 Palmeiras. YouTube. October 7, 2006. Retrieved July 21, 2015.
  18. ^ "Jogos Eternos – Palmeiras 3x4 Vasco 2000". Imortais do Futebol (in Brazilian Portuguese). June 18, 2013. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  19. ^ "Fence collapse hits soccer final". BBC. December 30, 2000. Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  20. ^ "A QUEDA DO ALAMBRADO DE SÃO JANUÁRIO". NetVasco. Retrieved December 30, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  21. ^ "Dez anos depois, final da Copa João Havelange ainda não terminou". Goal.com. December 30, 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  22. ^ a b "Campeonato Brasileiro" (in Portuguese). Retrieved November 13, 2010.
  23. ^ Reconhecido pela Conmebol como antecedente da Copa Libertadores da América. História da Copa Libertadores no site da Conmebol. Acesso em 07/06/2013.
  24. ^ "Torneio Extra (campeões)". rsssfbrasil.com. July 20, 2005.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  25. ^ "Torneio João Havelange 1993". rsssfbrasil.com. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
  26. ^ Segundo O Estado de S. Paulo de 18 de agosto de 1993, página 23, o Torneio João Havelange de 1993 foi organizado pela CBF, como comprovado pelo Vasco ter chegado à final após a CBF ter mudado o regulamento do torneio.
  27. ^ "Vasco e Flamengo iniciam a decisão no Rio". Gazeta Esportiva. Archived from the original on November 5, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  28. ^ "Símbolos" (in Portuguese). Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama official website. Archived from the original on April 19, 2008. Retrieved May 19, 2008.
  29. ^ "Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama". Retrieved July 21, 2015.
  30. ^ "Vasco rescinde contrato com a Champs" (in Portuguese). GloboEsporte.com. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
  31. ^ "Clube acerta com a Penalty e vai receber R$ 64 milhões em cinco anos" (in Portuguese). GloboEsporte.com. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
  32. ^ "Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama". Archived from the original on April 19, 2008. Retrieved July 21, 2015.
  33. ^ "Torcida Força Jovem Vasco". Archived from the original on July 6, 2011. Retrieved July 27, 2006.
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