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François M. M. Morel

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François M. M. Morel is a French biogeochemist and a founder of the field of biogeochemistry.[1] He is known for his research on ocean acidification, mercury pollution, the only known cadmium metalloenzyme, and the interactions between trace metals and microorganisms.

François M. M. Morel
Born
Versailles, France
Alma materUniversity of Grenoble, France
California Institute of Technology
Scientific career
FieldsBiogeochemistry
InstitutionsMassachusetts Institute of Technology
Princeton University

Early life and education

Morel grew up in Versailles, France.[2] Morel attended the University of Grenoble, France and earned his B.S. in Applied Mathematics in 1966.[3][4][5] He went on to earn his Diplôme d’Ingénieur the next year in 1967.[2][5][4][3] In 1971, Morel obtained a Ph.D. in Engineering Sciences from California Institute of Technology[2][3][4] and wrote his thesis on the uptake of glutaraldehyde by human red blood cells.[1][6]

Retirement

Morel retired in 2018.[2][7]

Research and career

In 1973, Morel joined the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.[3][1] His research and that of his Morel Trace Metals Group research lab focus on the interactions between microbes and metals,[8] the cycling and methylation of mercury,[9] the contributions of metals to the nitrogen cycle,[10] the usage of cadmium in biological processes,[11] the uptake mechanisms of iron and zinc by plankton,[12] and the effects of ocean acidification on microorganisms.[2][13][4][1][14][15]

REDEQL

As a postdoctoral fellow in Environmental Engineering Sciences from 1971-1973, Morel collaborated with James (Jim) J. Morgan to produce the revolutionary computer program REDEQL (where RED stands for "redox" and EQL stands for "equilibrium"), which computed complex chemical equilibria in natural waters and man-made chemical systems.[1][16][8] Morel and Morgan's creation of REDEQL was supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and was widely adopted and built upon.[16][8]

Ocean acidification

In 2009, Morel chaired the Committee on the Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring, Research, and Impacts Assessment.[17][18] This committee published the report Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean, which detailed the unprecedented acidifying of the ocean's pH due to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, the potential adverse impacts on marine organisms dependent on calcium carbonate, and the need for more information and international cooperation.[15][17][18]

Appointments

Morel founded and directed the Center for Environmental BioInorganic Chemistry from 1998 to 2007.[2][1] From 1998-2004 and from 2014-2017, Morel served as the director of Princeton Environmental Institute,[1] which was later renamed to the High Meadows Environmental Institute in 2020.[19]

Awards and honors

Selected publications

Scholia has an author profile for François M. M. Morel.
  • F. M. Morel; R. F. Baker; H. Wayland (1 January 1971). "Quantitation of human red blood cell fixation by glutaraldehyde". Journal of Cell Biology. 48 (1): 91–100. doi:10.1083/JCB.48.1.91. ISSN 0021-9525. PMC 2108233. PMID 5545112. Wikidata Q36192639.
  • F. M. M. Morel; J. R. Reinfelder; S. B. Roberts; C. P. Chamberlain; J. G. Lee; D. Yee (June 1994). "Zinc and carbon co-limitation of marine phytoplankton". Nature. 369 (6483): 740–742. doi:10.1038/369740A0. ISSN 1476-4687. Wikidata Q59076101.
  • François M. M. Morel; Anne M. L. Kraepiel; Marc Amyot (November 1998). "THE CHEMICAL CYCLE AND BIOACCUMULATION OF MERCURY". Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 29 (1): 543–566. doi:10.1146/ANNUREV.ECOLSYS.29.1.543. ISSN 1545-2069. Wikidata Q22255645.
  • Anne M L Kraepiel; Klaus Keller; Henry B Chin; Elizabeth G Malcolm; François M M Morel (1 December 2003). "Sources and variations of mercury in tuna". Environmental Science & Technology. 37 (24): 5551–5558. doi:10.1021/ES0340679. ISSN 0013-936X. PMID 14717163. Wikidata Q53850206.
  • Todd W Lane; Mak A Saito; Graham N George; Ingrid J Pickering; Roger C Prince; François M M Morel (1 May 2005). "Biochemistry: a cadmium enzyme from a marine diatom". Nature. 435 (7038): 42. doi:10.1038/435042A. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 15875011. Wikidata Q33986876.
  • Dalin Shi; Yan Xu; Brian M Hopkinson; François M M Morel (14 January 2010). "Effect of ocean acidification on iron availability to marine phytoplankton". Science. 327 (5966): 676–679. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.1183517. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 20075213. Wikidata Q43194157.
  • Haizheng Hong; Rong Shen; Futing Zhang; et al. (27 April 2017). "The complex effects of ocean acidification on the prominent N2-fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium". Science. 356 (6337): 527–531. Bibcode:2017Sci...356..527H. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.AAL2981. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 28450383. Wikidata Q34681784.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "François M. M. Morel". Princeton University: Office of the Dean of the Faculty. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  2. ^ a b c d e f The Legacy of François Morel: "What's New?" (PDF). Spring 2018. pp. 1–2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Curriculum Vitae: François M.M. Morel". Geosciences @ Princeton. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "François M.M. Morel". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b "ENI AWARD 2010: Environment Protection Prize Winner: François Morel: Biography" (PDF). Eni. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) Cite error: The named reference ":3" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  6. ^ Morel, François; Baker, Richard; Wayland, Harold (1971-01-01). "QUANTITATION OF HUMAN RED BLOOD CELL FIXATION BY GLUTARALDEHYDE". Journal of Cell Biology. 48 (1): 91–100. doi:10.1083/jcb.48.1.91.
  7. ^ "Retirement Celebration June 10-11, 2018". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-13.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ a b c "An Archive of Past Research". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ "Mercury Cycling and Methylation". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  10. ^ "The Role of Metals in Nitrogen Cycling in Soils". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ^ "The Biological Role of Cadmium". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ "Metal Uptake by Phytoplankton". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ "Ocean Acidification". Morel Trace Metals Group. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "ENI AWARD 2010: Environment Protection Prize Winner: François Morel: Reasons for the choice" (PDF). Eni. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ^ a b OCEAN ACIDIFICATION: A NATIONAL STRATEGY TO MEET THE CHALLENGES OF A CHANGING OCEAN. Washington, DC: THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS. 2010. ISBN 978-0-309-15359-1.
  16. ^ a b "James (Jim) J. Morgan, 1932–2020". California Institute of Technology. October 19, 2020. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ^ a b "Ocean Acidification: A National Strategy to Meet the Challenges of a Changing Ocean" (PDF). The National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  18. ^ a b "Development of an Integrated Science Strategy for Ocean Acidification Monitoring, Research, and Impacts Assessment". National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  19. ^ "History & Mission". High Meadows Environmental Institute. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  20. ^ "Paul V. Roberts/AEESP Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation Award". Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  21. ^ "AEESP Outstanding Publication Award". Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  22. ^ "Geochemistry Fellows". Geochemical Society. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  23. ^ "FRANÇOIS M. M. MOREL". John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. Retrieved 2022-01-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  24. ^ "C.C. Patterson Award". Geochemical Society. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  25. ^ "FRANCOIS M. M. MOREL: 2005 Maurice Ewing Medal Winner". American Geophysical Union. 2005. Retrieved 2022-01-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ^ "Geophysicists Honored by AGU". Physics Today. 58 (7): 73. July 2005.
  27. ^ "FRANCOIS M M MOREL". American Geophysical Union. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  28. ^ "UNION FELLOWS". American Geophysical Union. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ^ "All Past Distinguished Alumni Award Recipients". Caltech. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. ^ "Francois M.M. Morel". National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2022-01-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ^ "H.C. Urey Award". European Association of Geochemistry. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  32. ^ "Eni Award: our energy science award". Eni. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ^ "ACS Award for Creative Advances in Environmental Science and Technology Recipients". American Chemical Society. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  34. ^ "François Morel". Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  35. ^ "Dickson Prize". Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved 2022-01-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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