Homer Street
Homer Street is a quiet one-way street in the Marylebone neighbourhood of the City of Westminster, London. It runs from Old Marylebone Road in the north to Crawford Street in the south. The street is part of the Bryanston and Dorset Square Ward of Westminster City Council. Its postcode is W1H.
History
The street is one of those in the Portman Estate area with classical names, such as Cato Street, Homer Row, and Virgil Place.[1] According to Gillian Bebbington, these names were inspired by Edward Homer who was a friend of John Simon Harcourt, owner of the land on which the streets were built.[2]
Most of the street is within the City of Westminster's Portman Estate Conservation Area.[3]
On Charles Booth's 1898-99 poverty classification map of London,[4] the street is shown in purple meaning ‘mixed, some comfortable others poor’. This is borne out by the late 19th century/early 20th century census returns which include houses of multiple occupation and residents living on ‘independent means' side by side in the same street. One of the town houses was even used as an orphanage by the Church Army.[5]
Buildings
The terrace of Georgian houses on the east side of Homer Street dates from 1808.[6] Westminster Council describes numbers 6 and 7, 20, 33–37, and Crawford Buildings (nos. 21–67) as Unlisted Buildings of Merit.[7]
Much of the street was demolished at the turn the 20th century to build the Edwardian mansion blocks Crawford Buildings and Cranfield Court.[8]
Crawford Buildings, an attractive red brick mansion block nestled between Homer Street, Crawford Street and Homer Row, was home to poet and Nobel laureate T S Eliot.
Halfway along on the west side at number 8 is Octavia House, an unassuming modern building, which was completed as a retirement home for nurses in 1975. The building is named after the great social reformer Octavia Hill.[9]
Freshwater Place
The intact ceramic archway between Octavia House and Crawford Buildings once led to Freshwater Place, a small terrace of houses tucked away between Homer Street and Homer Row. These buildings were acquired for Octavia Hill by leading Victorian art critic John Ruskin in 1866.[10] The environment was described as 'a bit of desolate ground occupied by dilapidated cowsheds and manure heaps.'[11] which Hill turned into a small playground for the tenants, where Ruskin planted some trees. This was Hill's second project in her ongoing efforts to replace slum dwellings with decent housing. Freshwater Place was demolished in 1961.[12]
Freshwater Place took its name from a large well which was once overlooked by the houses. It measured 6 feet in diameter and had a depth of 145 feet.[13] Water from this well once supplied the nearby Yorkshire Stingo brewery.[14]
Character
In its early days, Homer Street had shops and businesses on the ground floor of many buildings. Whilst some shop fronts have since disappeared, two of Marylebone's old pub buildings remain. The Olive Branch at the corner with Crawford Street is now Italian restaurant Bricioli, and halfway down the street, The Beehive is currently being renovated. The Beehive narrowly escaped demolition linked to St Marylebone Council's slum clearance programme in 1956, when the Freshwater Place/Homer Row scheme was cut back to exclude properties fronting Homer Street.[15] The Olive Branch's 1988 reincarnation as The Quintin Hogg earned a wry put-down from Alan Coren in The Times Diary: 'Where will it end? Are we soon to have The Dog and Tebbit, or The Two Jolly Kinnocks?'[16] Typically for the urban village it's part of, Homer Street is home to long-term residents and young professionals alike.
References
- ^ Hibbert, Christopher; Ben Weinreb; John Keay; Julia Keay (2010). The London Encyclopaedia (3rd ed.). London: Pan Macmillan. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-230-73878-2.
- ^ Bebbington, Gillian. (1972) London Street Names. London: B.T. Batsford. pp. 162 & 177. ISBN 0713401400
- ^ "Westminster Council, Portman Estate Conservation Area Map" (PDF). Westminster.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
- ^ "Charles Booth Online Archive". London School of Economics & Political Science. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
- ^ 1901 England Census, London, St Marylebone, St Mary, District 11, p14.
- ^ London Morning Advertiser, 8 August 1808, p.4
- ^ "Westminster Council, Portman Estate Conservation Area Audit, 27 March 2003" (PDF). Westminster.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
- ^ 1901 England Census, London, St Marylebone, St Mary, District 11, p11, the census enumerator has written '(nos 9-31 Homer Street demolished)'.
- ^ Jack Whitehead (2001). The Growth of St Marylebone & Paddington (3rd ed.). London. p. 221. ISBN 0-9537467-1-2. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Historic England, Housing - Pioneering". HistoricEngland.org.uk. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
- ^ Octavia Hill obituary, The Times, 15 August 1912, p.7
- ^ Birmingham Daily Post, 27 October 1961, p.6
- ^ "City of Westminster Archives Centre, All On A Winter's Day - A Walk Through Old St Marylebone in 1952, at 11:47". Westminster.gov.uk. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
- ^ Marylebone Mercury, 11 March 1949, p.1
- ^ Marylebone Mercury, 14 December 1956, p.1
- ^ The Times Diary, 10 November 1988, p.16
External links
Media related to Homer Street, London at Wikimedia Commons
51°31′10″N 0°09′53″W / 51.5194°N 0.1647°W