Hud ibn Muhakkam al-Hawwari

Hūd ibn Muhakkam al-Hawwari, Template:Lang-ar (d. second half of the ninth-century), was an Ibadi Qur'an exegete from North Africa. Little is known about his life. It is believed that he was a Berber from the Hawwara tribe and that he lived in the region of the Aurès Mountains in modern day Algeria. His father held the office of Qadi under the rule of Aflaḥ ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb (823–871), the ruler of the Rustamid Empire (778–909).

His commentary on the Qur'an was first published in four volumes in 1990, based on five Ibadi manuscripts. The editor of this edition, an Ibadi from Algeria, wrote in the introduction to the work that al-Hawwari did not write his own original commentary, but based his work on a known tafsir in North African, especially in Kairouan, by Yaḥyā ibn Sallam al-Baṣrī (d. 815) Al-Hawwari created an abridged version without citing the original author. In one manuscript, a marginal note states that the work is only attributed to al-Hawwari (muḍāf ilā).

The Ibadi historian Ibn Sallām (d. 887) in his Badʾ al-islam wa-shari'aʿ ad-din /بدء الإسلام وشرائع الدين (The Beginning of Islam and the Laws of Religion) dedicated a chapter to fellow Ibadis, including members of the Hawwara tribe, who settled in Kairouan and took part in the cities scholarly life. These contacts may have enabled Ibadis to access the Qur'an commentary by Yaḥyā ibn Sallām al-Baṣrī, which is well known in the city.

Al-Hawwari quotes the exegesis of the Qur'an by Yahya ibn Sallam al-Basri throughout, thus providing access to this work, which is only available in fragments and partial editions

Literature

• Fuat Sezgin: Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. Band 1, S. 41. Brill, Leiden 1967.
• Josef van Ess: Untersuchungen zu einigen ibāḍitischen Handschriften. In: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (ZDMG), 126 (1976), S. 25ff.hier: S. 42–43.
• Claude Gilliot: Der koranische Kommentar des Ibāḍiten Hūd b. Muḥkim/Muḥakkam. In: ZDMG, Supplementband XI:XXVI (1995), S. 243–249.
• Sammoud, Hammadi: Un exégète oriental en Ifriqiya: Yaḥyā b. Sallām. In: Institut des belles lettres arabes (IBLA) 33 (1970–1972), S. 227–242.
• Belḥāǧǧ Saʿīd Šarīfī (Hrsg.): Tafsīr Kitāb Allāh al-ʿAzīz des Hūd b. Muḥakkam al-Huwwārī. („Die Exegese von Gottes ehrenwertem Buch“). 4 Bände. Dār al-Ġarb al-Islāmī. Beirut 1990. Bd. 1, S. 5–38 (Einleitung des Herausgebers).

Referenes

[[Category:Ibadi Islam]] [[Category:Berber]] [[Category:Quranic exegesis scholars]]