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Brisbane Bears

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Brisbane Bears
Names
Full nameBrisbane Bears Football Club
Club details
Founded1986
Dissolved1996
Colours     
CompetitionAustralian Football League
PremiershipsVFL/AFL (0)
  • Nil
AFL Reserves (1)
Former ground(s)Carrara Stadium (1987–1992)
Brisbane Cricket Ground (1991–1996)
Uniforms
Home
Original

The Brisbane Football Club, nicknamed the Bears, was a professional Australian rules football club based in Queensland on the Gold Coast (relocated to Brisbane in 1993). The club participated in the Victorian/Australian Football League (VFL/AFL) between 1987 and 1996, and entered the league as the first of two non-Victorian expansion teams. The club's mascot was a koala and its main colours were maroon (official color of the state of Queensland) and gold (of the Queensland sunshine).

The club initially played home matches at Carrara Stadium on the Gold Coast (this stadium was redeveloped many years after the relocation of the Bears to facilitate home matches for expansion club the Gold Coast Suns). After many years of negotiation, in 1991 the AFL and the Bears convinced the Queensland Government to redevelop the Brisbane Cricket Ground facilitating a permanent move to the venue for the 1993 season after which the club experienced a period of success. During its history the club enjoyed only a modest amount of success, being the first interstate side to win an AFL reserves premiership in 1991 and qualifying for the finals series in 1995 and 1996, following several years of lower-ranked placings and two wooden spoons in 1990 and 1991. The closest the club came to a AFL premiership was in 1996, its last year in the competition, when it lost to North Melbourne by 38 points in the preliminary final. Despite the success in its later years, the club struggled to shake the derisive tags which included "Cararra Koalas" (in reference to the Gold Coast home and the somewhat tame marsupial) and "Bad News Bears" which drew comparisons of its management similar to the hit 1970s movie.[1][2]

Brisbane had come close to folding prior to its move to Brisbane and the AFL began preparing a contingency for the club's demise in the event that the move was to fail. Plans were put in place in 1991 for a Brisbane Bears Fitzroy Lions merger. While the Bears improved on the field, the club continued to struggle financially and the Lions were under threat of disappearing entirely. At the end of the 1996 season, the AFL helped negotiate the merger of the Brisbane Bears with the Fitzroy Lions to form the Brisbane Bears Fitzroy Football Club (BBFFC or Brisbane Lions), who participate in the AFL today. The Bears played in 220 VFL/AFL matches over ten seasons, with 70 wins, 148 losses and 2 draws.[3]

The merger was generally seen as a success, especially for Fitzroy which came out of administration in 1998, as its entire history is acknowledged by the new club. However it was more a takeover of the Bears resulting in the loss of almost all its identity and AFL history more often overlooked in favour of Fitzroy's. Examples of the Bears legacy at the Lions include: the wearing the acronym BBFFC on the back of the jumper (with the BB acknowledging the existence of the Brisbane Bears); the occasional wearing of retro Bears design guernsey during AFL heritage round (Round 18, 2004 and Round 16, 2006); the club's medals including the best and fairest: the Merrett-Murray Medal jointly named after former Bears captain and games record holder Roger Merrett, the Michael Voss Oval at The Reserve, Springfield (named for home grown Bears & Lions player Michael Voss) and the Marcus Ashcroft Medal (named for home grown Bears & Lions player Marcus Ashcroft) for the QClash football match against the Gold Coast.[4] The AFL has been accused of retconning in that it recognises the Brisbane Lions to have a continuous statistical history from the formation of Fitzroy, but that the Bears do not form part of this.

History

1980s: Race for a Brisbane licence

From the mid 1980s several competing parties had proposed Brisbane licence for the VFL.

The idea of a Brisbane-based VFL club had begun in 1984, with former actor and businessman Paul Cronin planning on purchasing a licence from the VFL believing that the VFL could not survive successfully without a national competition, however there were some in the VFL management that did not agree, most notably Alan Schwab. Cronin believed that Queensland was uniquely positioned in that it had an existing base in the Queensland Australian Football League (QAFL). Migration from the southern states saw the QAFL go through a period of expansion into the Gold and Sunshine Coasts in the 1970s and despite being less popular than the Queensland Rugby League and Queensland Rugby Union had grown to include a number of well established, wealthy and well supported clubs. The early 1980s had also seen in Queensland and QAFL recruited players making an impact in the VFL, including Frank Dunell, Warren Jones, Gary Shaw, Zane Taylor and young stars like Scott McIvor and Jason Dunstall. Cronin approached premier Joh Bjelke-Petersen in November 1985 to garner government support for the idea.[5]

1985 with the QAFL had decided that pushing for a Melbourne-based club to relocate to Brisbane. The idea was helped in 1986 when incoming chair Ross Oakley's interest in mergers and relocations to help the VFL expand into a national competition.

In June 1985 Brisbane sports promoter John Brown announced he would bid for a Brisbane licence[6] along with entertainment promoter Michael Edgely.

On May 22, 1986, at the Brisbane Parkroyal, the QAFL president John Collins and Ken Murphy announced plans to lobby for a Brisbane-based VFL team the QAFL still pursuing the relocation of an existing team.

The VFL's Jack Hamilton flew to Brisbane in July 1986 to explore the options including club relocations (but denied that it was for Fitzroy),[7] stating to the media that a Brisbane team would be possible in 1987 if a vacancy was available. He later stated that Brisbane was the preferred city for VFL expansion and that the VFL had hoped that it could retain all of its existing clubs during the expansion phase.

A third bidder a consortia headed by Perth millionaire Alastair Norwood (head of Jeans West) was announced shortly after Brown's bid.[8]

The QAFL joined as a fourth bidder for the new licence, but stated that it was open to forming a consortia with any of the other three bids. Ken Murphy decided that Cronin's motives for the licence were genuine and aligned with the QAFL. On August 19, 1986, the two parties joined forces.

Struggling Fitzroy Football Club with the VFL began investigating a relocation to Brisbane in 1987. However the club under Leon Wiegard voted to remain in Melbourne. Struggling Richmond Football Club under Alan Bond proposed to play half its games in Brisbane in 1987[9] The move was seen as a threat of relocation and met strong opposition, led by Kevin Bartlett who rallied to stop the proposal, though the club came very close to folding the following year.[10] Despite the setback, the VFL decided to push forward with the plans for expansion into Brisbane.

At the end of 1986, the VFL Commission announced plans to set up privately owned clubs based in Perth and Brisbane, ignoring a strong bid from ACTAFL for a team in Canberra, motivated by the need to sell multimillion-dollar licences to save a number of Victorian clubs which were struggling financially. The VFL at the time set a price of $4 million AUD for a licence to enter the league with the proceeds to be split among the existing clubs.[11]

On 1 October 1986 the VFL board was announced that teams from Brisbane (Brisbane Bears) and Perth (West Coast Eagles) would compete in the Victorian Football League (VFL) from 1987 and that no $2.8 million AUD rescue package would be offered for struggling Fitzroy.[12] The VFL Commission initially chose John Brown's consortium Browns International Sport Limited a licence.

Cronin-Skase and private ownership

Unable to secure access to a stadium, the Cronin-QAFL consortia drew up plans for a $7 million new stadium on vacant land at Boondall, Queensland (on the site of what became the Brisbane Entertainment Centre) and increased its bid to $4.8 million, or up to $6 million if Fitzroy relocated to Brisbane to become the Brisbane Lions. With the higher price offered VFL withdrew its support for Browns and extended the selection process which saw Norwood's syndicate withdrew. The Cronin-QAFL consortia lobbied every VFL club president individually to gain their support for the bid.

The consortium headed by Cronin,[13] backed by the QAFL's Andrew Ireland and bankrolled by entrepreneur Christopher Skase was awarded the Brisbane licence voted unanimously by the VFL Commission.

The Boondall stadium plan was scrapped shortly following being awarded the licence.

Recently retired Hawthorn footballer Peter Knights on October 27 was announced coach just weeks later getting the nod over candidates John Todd, Ron Barassi and Alex Jesaulenko.[14]

Millionaire and Qintex owner Christopher Skase was appointed deputy chairman, Skase was a major financial backer of the Cronin consortia.[15] Qintex General Manager Ian Curtis was also appointed to the club's board.

In December 1986, the branding and Brisbane Bears name was leaked to the public. The new marketing department intended for the bear mascot to resemble Dreamworld's mascot Kenny to appeal to children and tourists. They created two variations of the bear, a smiling bear for the VFL logo and an "angry bear" for games that would appear roaring for matches and many of the marketing and promotional materials for the club.[16] however were still without a home ground, and a week later hastily nominated Carrara on the Gold Coast as a temporary venue with a capacity of 20,000 mooted through the use of temporary stands through the use of metal bleachers.[17]

The club unveiled a playing strip consisting of a gold with a maroon yoke and a triangular "BB" logo intended to represent a stylised map of the club's home state, Queensland, with the outline of a koala head appearing inside of the larger B. Maroon was chosen as the state colour of Queensland and gold as symbolic of the Queensland sunshine.

Collingwood's Mark Williams was the new club's first player signing.[18] Other marquee signings were Geoff Raines and Jim Edmond, however most of the other players were from the SANFL and the WAFL. Most notably there were few local Queenslanders in the side. Queenslanders were approached, however there were very few playing in the VFL level at the time. In search of a marquee Queenslander, the Bears approached up and coming Hawthorn Football Club full-forward Jason Dunstall was with a million dollar deal to spearhead the club, however declined. The Bears were exposed for their lack of local talent but among the local names in the inaugural squad were Gary Shaw, Frank Dunell, Tony Beckett, Darren Carlson, Allan Giffard and Stuart Glascott. However few of the Queenslanders in the side made an impact.

The new club was given very little time in which to set itself up, with few players and no suitable home ground. On December 23, Carrara Oval on the Gold Coast was announced as the home ground with a playing surface the same dimensions as the Melbourne Cricket Ground. Brisbane's main outdoor venues, the Brisbane Cricket Ground (Gabba) and Brisbane Showgrounds Main Oval, were unavailable due to long-term contracts and the Gabba was home to the greyhound racing club and was encircled by a dog racing track. The QAFL believed that the club should be based in Brisbane and supported the redevelopment of the Gabba (owned by the Gabba trust), or secondary options of a new stadium at Boondall or Chandler (on land owned by the government).

The club's board, however, were of the opinion the club would not be viable without if it did not own its own stadium. Temporary stands, club rooms and facilities were erected around Carrara. The decision would begin a bitter and long protracted battle between the QAFL and the Bears[19] which was not resolved until 1991.

Upon its admission, the Bears did not have a large reserve of local players from which to compile a VFL-standard playing list. To assist with its inaugural playing list, the VFL arranged for every other club to provide at least two players; understandably, other clubs were averse to providing top-line players and few of the players provided were of a high quality. The Bears pursued a number of stars aggressively and did manage a few key signings, including Collingwood's captain Mark Williams, and 1985 Brownlow Medallist Brad Hardie. A significant proportion of the player list was recruited from the South Australian National Football League and West Australian Football League. Mark Mickan, a 6'5" (196 cm) ruckman recruited from West Adelaide, was appointed captain of the Bears in its inaugural season.

Knights Era

The Bears won their first game in the VFL against North Melbourne at the Melbourne Cricket Ground 19.23 (137) to 15.14 (104) in front of 14,096 fans, and also won its second game, but ultimately fell towards the bottom of the ladder. The club avoided the wooden spoon by beating Richmond in the final round, and finished with six wins. The club attracted 98,616 fans to the eleven matches at Carrara Oval, an average of 8,965 per game, which was the lowest in the competition behind Fitzroy's 11,498. By contrast, the other new 1987 team the West Coast Eagles, with Australian rules football long established as the major football code in Perth, attracted 291,317 to their home games at Subiaco Oval and the WACA at an average of 26,483 per game.[20]

In 1988 a rift developed between the QAFL and the Bears, who had refused a move to Brisbane.[21] The QAFL responded by threatening to secure a second Queensland licence for a Brisbane-based team by 1991.

The club again recruited aggressively, landing Sydney Swans glamour spearhead Warwick Capper. In 1988 and 1989 the club suffered some severe defeats, finishing 13th and 10th respectively. Knights was sacked with eight rounds to play in the 1989 season. The club psychologist, Paul Feltham, took charge of the team for the remainder of the year.

By this stage, the club was also under severe financial pressure. Attendances had been very poor due to poor performances and the long distance between Gold Coast and Brisbane and also due to the admission of the Brisbane Broncos which achieved the goal set by Queensland Rugby League general manager Ross Livermore of marketing and promotions interference against the threat of the VFL's expansion, with the team making their debut in the 1988 NSWRL season.[22]

End of the Skase-Cronin partnership, AFL takes over

The collapse of Skase's business empire and his sudden departure for Spain in late 1989 almost resulted in the end of the club. Over the ensuing preseason the players threatened strike action, but Cronin resigned, the club was taken over by the AFL, re-sold to Gold Coast hospitality businessman Reuben Pelerman, and the crisis was averted.

The AFL spent significant amounts of money to help the Bears survive over the coming years, and the club was provided with priority draft picks and special recruiting zones to give it access to some of the nation's best talent, which over the next few years allowed the club to recruit future stars such as Michael Voss, Jason Akermanis, Clark Keating, Steven Lawrence and Darryl White.

Four-time QAFL premiership coach Norm Dare was appointed as coach in 1990, but the club won the wooden spoon.

Pelerman Walls era

Queenslander Michael Voss debuted in 1992 at age 17, becoming the youngest ever player to play a senior game for the club. He went on to win two Best & Fairests between 1995 and 1996 and the only Bear to win a Brownlow in the club's last year.
Nathan Buckley caused controversy when he rejected being zone drafted by Brisbane seeking instead to play with Collingwood

Dare was replaced in 1991 by former Carlton premiership coach Robert Walls, who immediately set about rebuilding the playing list; having inherited the oldest list in the league, by the end of the season he had the youngest. The Brisbane Bears won the wooden spoon again in 1991, but the same year also saw the Brisbane Bears win the reserves premiership against Melbourne. Walls insisted that the Bears not bend to the will of powerful Victorian clubs in recruitment matters, which was seen most notably in the case of the young Nathan Buckley – Buckley, who in 1992 won the SANFL's Magarey Medal and was a premiership winner with Port Adelaide, winning the Jack Oatey Medal for being Best on Ground in the SANFL Grand Final, was a zone recruit signed to the club on a one-year contract in 1993, which stipulated that he would be released to the club of his choice if he so desired at the completion of the contract; he was cleared to Collingwood as he had requested, in exchange for premiership centre-half forward Craig Starcevich, goalsneak Troy Lehmann and an early draft pick which the Bears used to recruit future star Chris Scott.

Off-field, Pelerman was losing millions of dollars annually on the club. At one point in 1991 Pelerman told Bears coach Robert Walls that he was closing the club down.[23]

As part of the club's roposed move to the Gabba, Pelerman agreed to release the Bears from private ownership and revert to a traditional club structure in which the club's members were able to elect the board.[24]

Move to the Gabba, Rebranding and New Membership Structure

The recruitment of former Fitzroy fullback turned spearhead Alastair Lynch saw him became a poster boy for the new look Bears. However chronic fatigue saw him largely sidelined until 1996.

In 1992, the club changed its guernsey to a predominantly maroon strip with a gold V and white trim. More significantly, the club moved permanently to Brisbane Cricket Ground in 1993; with the club now playing in its home city, membership and attendances instantly tripled. The dog racing track around the ground was removed, the surface was upgraded and the stands gradually replaced over the next few years with a view to converting the tired old ground to a state-of-the-art sporting facility.

In 1994, the Bears changed the club logo and the club song, and also began to show signs of a competitive side and were contenders for a finals berth before falling away in the last five games of the season. Then, in 1995, the club reached the finals after an extraordinary late-season recovery. After Round 15, the Bears were third-last on the ladder with four wins, and Robert Walls had announced his resignation as coach halfway through the season, but committed himself to seeing out the year. In Round 16, the Bears trailed Hawthorn by 45 points at three-quarter time, but mounted an astounding final-quarter comeback to win the match by 7 points; it was the largest final quarter comeback in league history. Brisbane then won five of its six remaining matches in the home-and-away season, including against Richmond and Essendon who were both in the top four, to just reach the finals for the first time, albeit with a win-loss record of only 10–12. The team was eliminated, but not disgraced, after losing its first ever final to eventual premiers Carlton by 13 points.

Northey era

Under the coaching of former Richmond premiership player John Northey, Brisbane had an excellent 1996 season, finishing third behind Sydney and North Melbourne. They made a good account of themselves in the finals, with two wins at Brisbane Cricket Ground and a loss in the Preliminary Final to eventual premiers North Melbourne. Michael Voss also became the only Brisbane Bears player to win the Brownlow Medal, sharing the honour with Essendon's James Hird.

Brisbane Bears-Fitzroy Lions Merger

However, the club was still struggling off-field. Brisbane came close to folding prior to its move to Brisbane and the AFL began preparing a contingency for the club's demise in the event that the move failed. The AFL had offered the Bears $6 million to merge with Fitzroy.[25] It offered Fiztroy a similar amount which could have enabled the club to pay off its debts and come out of administration. One of the Bears' biggest problems was its lack of support (both on and off the field) in Melbourne, the location of most of its away matches. In mid-1996, the struggling Fitzroy Lions collapsed due to financial pressures and was seeking to merge its assets with another club. When a merger with North Melbourne to form the North Fitzroy Kangaroos failed to win the support of the other AFL clubs, a deal for a merger was reached between Fitzroy and the Bears. The new team was to be known as the Brisbane Lions, based at Brisbane Cricket Ground, with a new song, emblem and jumper all based on Fitzroy's. As such, the history of the Brisbane Bears as an individual entity ended after the 1996 season, with ten seasons of competition and the third-place finish in 1996 as its best performance.

The Bears' last match as a separate entity was a preliminary final on Saturday 21 September 1996 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground against North Melbourne, coincidentally the same location and opponent as their first match in 1987. Brisbane lost by 38 points to North who went on to win the 1996 premiership. With that loss, the Bears era ended after a short and mostly troubled existence, and the Brisbane Lions began.

Club facts

Mascot

Although koalas are marsupials and not bears, the Bears' mascot was a koala. Their logo and uniform also originally featured a koala.

Colours

  • Maroon   Gold   (1987–1988)
  • Cerise   Gold   (1989–1991)
  • Maroon  , Gold   White   (1992–1996)

Club songs

The Brisbane Football Club had two club songs in its existence.

Dare to beat the Bear

The original theme song was an original tune.
The team would sing the first verse in the change room after each win.

(First Verse)
What do we sing when we run out to play?
Dare to beat the Bear
What do we sing when we're on our way?
Dare to beat the Bear
We're hot! (We're hot!)
We're mean! (We're mean!)
We're strong! (We're strong!)
We're a team! (We're a team!)
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears

The song was played in full over the stadium's speakers after each win.

(First verse)
What do we sing when we run out to play?
Dare to beat the Bear
What do we sing when we're on our way?
Dare to beat the Bear
We're hot! (We're hot!)
We're mean! (We're mean!)
We're strong! (We're strong!)
We're a team! (We're a team!)
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears

(Second verse)
What do we know before every game?
We're going out to win
How do we know that we'll read the play?
We won't let 'em in
We're hot! (We're hot!)
We're mean! (We're mean!)
We're strong! (We're strong!)
We're a team! (We're a team!)
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears

(First bridge)
Our home is mighty Brisbane and we're playing for our state
The Bear will growl across the land
Our victories will be great (great)

(Third verse)
What do we shout when we sense their fear?
Beware the mighty Bear!
What are the words that we love to hear?
Beware the mighty Bear!
We're tough! (We're tough!)
We're keen! (We're keen!)
We're good! (We're good!)
We're a team! (We're a team!)
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears

(Second bridge)
Our home is here in Queensland and there is not a shade of doubt
Right around Australia, we're gonna knock 'em out!

(Third verse – repeated)
What do we shout when we sense their fear?
Dare to beat the Bear!
What are the words that we love to hear?
Dare to beat the Bear!
We're tough! (We're tough!)
We're keen! (We're keen!)
We're good! (We're good!)
We're a team! (We're a team!)
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears

(Home run)
We're tough! (We're tough!)
We're keen! (We're keen!)
We're good! (We're good!)
We're a team! (We're a team!)
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears
We're the very best team you've ever seen
We're the Brisbane Bears

Beware the mighty Bears!

Brisbane Bears Will Live Forever

The new theme song was played to the music of The Battle Hymn of the Republic.
This version of the song has been lost, with both the AFL and the Brisbane Lions refusing to release the recordings of it that they have.
The team would sing the first verse and the chorus in the change room after each win.

(First verse)
If you are a Queenslander, then sing along with me
We are the Bears on the road to victory
All for one and one for all
We'll answer to the call
We're the greatest team of all

(Chorus)
Brisbane Bears will live forever
We will always stick together
The 'Gabba is the place where people always come to see
The greatest team of all

The song was played in full over the stadium's speakers after each win.

(First Verse)
If you are a Queenslander, then sing along with me
We are the Bears on the road to victory
All for one and one for all
We'll answer to the call
We're the greatest team of all

(Second verse)
We're the fearless Brisbane Bears
From the mighty northern state
Our pride and guts and character are gonna make us great
Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth will know their fate
When the Bears run out and roar

(Chorus)
Brisbane Bears will live forever
We will always stick together
The 'Gabba is the place where people always come to see
The greatest team of all

(Third verse)
The whistle blows, the ball is bounced
The crowd all give a yell
And we will do our very best until the final bell
And when the game is over, we'll be closer to the flag
We're the greatest team of all

(Chorus)
Brisbane Bears will live forever
We will always stick together
The 'Gabba is the place where people always come to see
The greatest team of all

(Home run)
The 'Gabba is the place where people always come to see
The greatest team of all

Supporter base

Year Members Finishing Position Average Home Crowd
1987
3,449
13th/14
8,965
1988
7,607
13th/14
12,781
1989
7,176
10th/14
10,944
1990
5,630
14th/14
8,887
1991
5,696
15th/15
8,011
1992
5,401
14th/15
6,499
1993
5,750
13th/15
11,148
1994
6,158
12th/15
12,433
1995
6,893
Qualifying Final (8th/16)
10,305
1996
10,267
Preliminary Final (3rd/16)
18,088

Premierships

  • Under 19s – None
  • Reserves – 1991
  • Seniors – None

Wooden spoons

Individual awards

Honour roll

Season Position Coach Captain Best & Fairest¹ Leading goalkicker Goals
1987 13 Peter Knights Mark Mickan Phil Walsh Jim Edmond 34
1988 13 Peter Knights Mark Mickan Mark Withers Warwick Capper 45
1989 10 Peter Knights, Paul Feltham Mark Mickan John Gastev Brad Hardie 54
1990 14 Norm Dare Roger Merrett David Bain and Martin Leslie Brad Hardie 37
1991 15 Robert Walls Roger Merrett Michael McLean Laurence Schache 47
1992 14 Robert Walls Roger Merrett John Gastev John Hutton 43
1993 13 Robert Walls Roger Merrett Martin Leslie Roger Merrett 60
1994 12 Robert Walls Roger Merrett Craig Lambert Roger Merrett 41
1995 8 Robert Walls Roger Merrett Michael Voss Roger Merrett 44
1996 3 John Northey Roger Merrett Michael Voss Alastair Lynch 52
¹The Brisbane Bears' best and fairest award was known as the Club Championship.

Club Records

Sponsorship

Year Major Sponsor Shorts Sponsor Bottom Sponsor
1989 Mitre 10 - -
1990 -
1991 Foster's Lager
1992 Carlton & United Breweries
1993 Southside Toyota
1994 Jewel Coca-Cola
1995 Thrifty Car Rental
1996 Southside Toyota

See also

References

  1. ^ The ‘Bad News Bears’ were not so terrible by Michelangelo Rucci August 18, 2017
  2. ^ Warwick Capper's life with bad-news Bears by Jon Pierik for The Age May 6, 2014
  3. ^ "Brisbane Bears seasons summaries". AFL Tables. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  4. ^ AFL sank its claws into Queensland thanks to Christopher Skase and the Brisbane Bears By Solua Middleton for ABC Gold Coast. 22 Mar 2020
  5. ^ 'A Bear is Born' Brisbane Bears promotional film 1987
  6. ^ "A Sate but vital step for VFL". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 642. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 16 October 1986. p. 24. Retrieved 12 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ^ "VFL could go to Qld". The Canberra Times. Vol. 60, no. 18, 536. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 2 July 1986. p. 44. Retrieved 17 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. ^ "Brisbane syndicate gets the nod". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 615. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 19 September 1986. p. 28. Retrieved 12 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ^ Bond ultimately got his way... in a way By Tony Greenberg, Richmond Media on Jul 18, 2020
  10. ^ "Swans might be Canberra's lever into AFL". The Canberra Times. Vol. 64, no. 19, 730. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 15 October 1989. p. 14. Retrieved 9 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  11. ^ "VFL no longer exists as sport moves interstate". The Canberra Times. Vol. 62, no. 19, 188. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 19 April 1988. p. 20. Retrieved 2 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  12. ^ "Brisbane, WA in 14-team VFL next season". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 628. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 2 October 1986. p. 24. Retrieved 25 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  13. ^ "Cronin group to field new VFL team". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 634. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 8 October 1986. p. 40. Retrieved 25 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. ^ "Qld team finds its knight errant". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 654. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 28 October 1986. p. 26. Retrieved 25 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  15. ^ "Times Sport". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 810. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 4 April 1987. p. 22. Retrieved 12 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  16. ^ "Brisbane will bear a koala as emblem". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 690. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 4 December 1986. p. 24. Retrieved 25 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  17. ^ "Sports Bears settle on venue". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 704. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 18 December 1986. p. 22. Retrieved 25 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. ^ "Cats to decide on final line-up". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 759. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 12 February 1987. p. 22. Retrieved 12 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  19. ^ "Compromise is sought in Bears battle". The Canberra Times. Vol. 63, no. 19, 356. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 4 October 1988. p. 22. Retrieved 12 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  20. ^ VFL Attendances 1987
  21. ^ "QAFL gives up on budging Brisbane Bears". The Canberra Times. Vol. 63, no. 19, 359. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 7 October 1988. p. 20. Retrieved 12 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. ^ "Sports". The Canberra Times. Vol. 61, no. 18, 655. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 29 October 1986. p. 46. Retrieved 2 December 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  23. ^ Private ownership's failed history in AFL by Oliver Caffrey for Newcastle Herald May 4 2020
  24. ^ Gold Coast to farewell AFL stalwart ABC News 22 January, 2004
  25. ^ Revived Fitzroy finds game has moved on Australian Financial Review By Lucinda Schmidt Feb 9, 1998

Fitzgerald, R. (1996). The Footy Club: Inside the Brisbane Bears. Brisbane, Australia: UQP. ISBN 0-7022-2904-0.

Australian Football League clubs