Suite populaire brésilienne
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| Suite populaire brésilienne | |
|---|---|
| by Heitor Villa-Lobos | |
.jpg) Heitor Villa-Lobos | |
| Composed | First version: 1928 Final version: 1954 |
| Duration | 20 minutes approximately |
| Movements | First version: 4 Final version: 5 |
| Scoring | Solo guitar |
Suite populaire brésilienne (Template:Lang-fr) is a suite for solo guitar by Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos.
Background
First version (1929)
The creative process of Suite populaire brésilienne took many years, as the different movements that make up the suite were never conceived to be put together. Instead, Villa-Lobos, a composer who wrote at the guitar, wrote many small pieces for guitar and some of these were later adapted into the suite. The Suite was initially completed for publication in the summer of 1928, while he was on vacation at Lussac-les-Châteaux with his wife, Lucilia Guimarães, visiting Spanish pianist Tomás Terán. Villa-Lobos confessed to Eugène Cools, the then-director of Éditions Max Eschig, in a letter dated July 28, 1928, that not a page of music had been composed, and he was busy with his kites, one of his favorite pastimes. A few days later, however, he asked Cools for a complete set of guitar strings, as his guitar had no usable strings to compose with. He then dedicated to composing and was able to present the two manuscripts of both the Suite and the 12 études in Autumn that same year. Both works were mentioned in two contracts between Villa-Lobos and Max Eschig from October 1, 1928 and January 5, 1929.
This, however, did not turn out how Villa-Lobos expected. When Villa-Lobos came back to Brazil, supposedly for a brief series of concerts on June 15, 1930, he would not be able to return because of a coup d'etat where dictator Getúlio Vargas became president. Although Villa-Lobos tried to go back to Paris, he could not do so until 1948, when the political turmoil generated by World War II had dissipated. Because of this 18-year hiatus, Villa-Lobos and his publisher distanced from one another, and Villa-Lobos was unaware that his compositions had not been published when he arrived in France. Villa-Lobos, in fact, had asked Max Eschig's director if he could send Villa-Lobos a few copies of his own Suite, to which he received no answer.
Revised version (1954)
Upon resuming his relationship with his publisher, he tried to get his compositions for guitar published, and started rewriting his Suite from his own sketches. Although he repeatedly asked the then-director of Max Eschig, Philippe Marietti, about the whereabouts of his original manuscripts destined for publication, the manuscripts were not found and he decided to send new manuscripts to the copyist in 1948. While it was fairly easy for Villa-Lobos to reconstruct his études because of the readily available material he owned at the time, the Suite was more challenging to re-compose, and this is made evident by the fact that the fourth movement, the "Valse-Chôro", was lost (Villa-Lobos only had sketches of bars 78 to 104) and the composer had to start from scratch more than twenty years after composing it. This is why the title was translated into Portuguese in the final version of the suite.
Villa-Lobos is conflicting about the dates of completion for each of the movements. While he provided no dates for the movement except for movements I and II (1906 and 1907 respectively) in the preliminary version, he did provide dates on the final revised version: according to Villa-Lobos own specifications in the published version of the score, movements I and II were composed in 1908 in Rio de Janeiro, movements III and IV in 1912, also in Rio, and movement V was finished in 1923 in Paris. Movements III and IV were completely new. The final version of the suite was eventually published by Max Eschig in 1955. The lost fourth movement from the first preliminary set was eventually found many years after the composer's death, in 2006, in the archives of Villa-Lobos's publisher.
Structure
All the movements in the suite are chôros, pieces of music that meant to re-phrase and synthesize native Brazilian folk material. It has a total duration of 20 minutes approximately. The first, initially unpublished version, had four choros, whereas the final version had five. The movement list is as follows:
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Suite populaire brésilienne, 1928 version
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Suite populaire brésilienne, 1948—54 version
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