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Teresa Joaquim

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Teresa Joaquim (born 1954) is a Social Anthropologist who is the coordinator of the first master's program in women's studies in the country. Women's Studies – Gender, Citizenship and Development was launched at the Universidade Aberta in 1995 and Joaquim pressed for it to be expanded to include a PhD platform in 2002. She served as a member of the National Ethics Council for Life Sciences between 1996 and 2001.

Early life and education

Joaquim was born in 1954[1] In 1979, Joaquim earned her Licentura in Philosophy from the Faculty of Arts of at the University of Lisbon. She began working as a researcher at the Centro de Estudos das Migrações e das Relações Interculturais (CEMRI, Center for the Study of Migration and Intercultural Relations) as the coordinator of research for the Studies on Women, Gender, Societies and Cultures Group. Joaquim completed her PdD in anthropology at the Instituto Superior de Ciências do Trabalho e da Empresa (ISCTE, Higher Institute of Labor and Business Sciences) at the University of Lisbon in 1995.[1]

Career

In 1995, the Universidade Aberta created the first master's degree program for women's studies in Portugal and Joaquim was hired as the coordinator of the project. Both the drive for the founding of the program and the expansion of it to include PhD studies in 2002 were led by Joaquim.[1][2] Member of the Ethics Council for Life Sciences from 1996 to 2002 Director of the Department of Social and Political Sciences at Universidade Aberta for the biennium 2004-6 Portuguese representative for the FCT in the Helsinky Group on Women and Science, a group of experts of the European Commission. Coordinator of the Degree in Social Sciences (2015-16) Vice – coordinator of the Degree in Social Sciences (2017-2018)[1]

Research

Joaquim's Dar à luz evaluated the acceptance by Portuguese women of pregnancy and birth as being part of their nature. She analyzed how until the child arrived, traditionally, no medical intervention occurred, because women helped each other take care of their own health.[3] Each phase of women's lives were controlled from menstruation, to conception and childbirth through various social prohibitions over her body,[4] passed through women's networks by sharing their knowledge and experience of the changes of the body.[5] She returned to female culture in Mulheres de uma aldeia, interviewing women in rural villages about sexually segregated work. Her analysis showed that even though men had predominantly shifted away from agricultural work leaving it in charge of women, beliefs regarding family systems had not changed. Men were still seen as the sole workers, supporting the family and managing the household finances. Women did not question that they now had to balance fieldwork with domestic duties and did not view their contributions as support for the family.[6] Based on the testimony collected from village women, marriage was seen as necessary for providing security for the family and children (or the lack of them) was seen as a reward or punishment for living a good or evil life, thus the use of contraception was considered as unnatural.[7] Her works often explored the invisibility of women and the difficulty of addressing their problems because the issues they faced were unidentified and not spoken about.[8][9]

Menina e moça: a construção social da feminilidade, séculos XVII-XIX (Girl and Miss: The Social Construction of Femininity, 17th-19th Centuries, 1997) expanded further on the question of whether or not there was a feminine nature or whether instead the way that girls were brought up and taught how to act, think of their body, and interact, were what defined womanhood. These were themes she had studied in her doctoral thesis and she concluded that for societal change to occur, education would need to be broadened in how women were taught to think of themselves.[10] That study led to further research conducted by Joaquim and Fernanda Henriques in 1995, which produced a report, Os materiais pedagógicos e o desenvolvimento de uma educação para a igualdade entre os sexo (Pedagogical Materials and the Development of an Education for Equality between the Sexes). The work was prepared for the Commission for Equality and Rights of Women to analyze gender stereotypes encountered in primary and secondary education textbooks.[11] Other studies confirmed the gender biases in textbooks and as a result of the 2008 recommendations of the CEDAW Committee, the government of Portugal created an action plan to produce a series of educational materials known as the Education Guide: Gender and Citizenship.[12] Joaquim has been involved in writing and conducting research for several of the volumes in the series.

Selected works

  • Joaquim, Teresa (1983). Dar à luz, ensaio sobre as práticas e crenças da gravidez, parto e pós-parto em Portugal [Giving Birth: Essay on the Practices and Beliefs of Pregnancy, Childbirth and Postpartum in Portugal] (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Publicações Dom Quixote. OCLC 1024932492.[1]
  • Joaquim, Teresa; Gonzalez, Manuela (1985). Mulheres de uma aldeia [Women of a Village]. Fémina (in Portuguese). Vol. 3. Lisbon: Ulmeiro. OCLC 16354603.[1]
  • Joaquim, Teresa (1997). Menina e moça: a construção social da feminilidade, séculos XVII-XIX [Girl and Miss: The Social Construction of Femininity, 17th-19th Centuries] (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Fim de Século. ISBN 978-972-754-103-4.[1]
  • Joaquim, Teresa (2004). As causas das mulheres: a comunidade infigurável [Women's Causes: The Unfigurable Community]. Mulher e a sociedade (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Livros Horizonte. ISBN 978-972-24-1356-5.
  • Joaquim, Teresa (2006). Cuidar dos outros, cuidar de sí: questões em torno da maternidade [Taking Care of Others, Taking Care of Oneself: Issues around Motherhood] (in Portuguese) (First ed.). Lisbon: Livros Horizonte. ISBN 978-972-24-1429-6.[1]
  • Joaquim, Teresa, ed. (2010). Masculinidades / feminilidades [Masculinities / Femininities]. Colecção Textos (in Portuguese). Vol. 82. Porto: Edições Afrontamento. ISBN 978-972-36-1101-4.[1]

https://www.cig.gov.pt/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/guiao_educa_2ciclo.pdf https://repositorioaberto.uab.pt/bitstream/10400.2/6949/1/Teresa%20Pinto%20Introdu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Gui%C3%A3o%20Educa%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Genero%20Cidadania%203%C2%BA%20ciclo.pdf

References

Citations

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Universidade Aberta 2016.
  2. ^ Macedo & Pereira 2015, p. 41.
  3. ^ Gomes 1985, pp. 819, 821.
  4. ^ Gomes 1985, p. 819.
  5. ^ Gomes 1985, p. 821.
  6. ^ Gomes 1985, pp. 819–820.
  7. ^ Gomes 1985, pp. 821–822.
  8. ^ Gomes 1985, p. 820.
  9. ^ Farra 2014, p. 73.
  10. ^ Pinto 1998, pp. 183–184.
  11. ^ Alvarez & Pinto 2013, pp. 22, 254.
  12. ^ Alvarez & Pinto 2013, pp. v, 22.

Bibliography


Category:1954 births Category:Living people Category:University of Lisbon alumni‎ Category:University of Lisbon faculty‎ Category:Portuguese anthropologists Category:Women's studies academics‎

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