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Che (Persian letter)

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This article contains Persian text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols.
Persian alphabet
ا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح خ د ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ه ی
Perso-Arabic script
Arabic alphabet
Arabic script

Che or cheem (چ‎), is a letter of the Persian alphabet, used to represent [t͡ʃ], and which derives from ǧīm (ج‎) by the addition of two dots. It is found with this value in other Arabic-derived scripts. It is used in Persian, Urdu, Pashto, Kurdish, Kashmiri, Azerbaijani, Ottoman Turkish, Malay (Jawi), and other Iranian languages. Modern Standard Arabic lacks this letter.

Position in word Isolated Final Medial Initial
Glyph form:
(Help) 		چ‎ ـچ‎ ـچـ‎ چـ‎

In Arabic

The initial form of the Persian Che used to represent [ɡ] in an Israeli road sign on the road to Giv'at Shmuel.
A bilingual road sign at a Turkmen village in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq. The letter Che is used to represent the sound [t͡ʃ].

The letter چ‎ can be used to transcribe [t͡ʃ] of Persian Gulf: Gulf Arabic and Iraqi Arabic, where they have that sound natively. In these countries and the rest of Arabic-speaking geographic regions, the combination of tāʾ-šīn (تش‎) is more likely used to transliterate the /t͡ʃ/ sound which is often realized as two consonants ([t]+[ʃ]) elsewhere; this letter combination is used for loanwords and foreign names, including those of Spanish origin in Moroccan Arabic. (In the case of Moroccan Arabic, the letter ڜ‎ is used instead to transliterate the /t͡ʃ/ sound aside from چ‎;[citation needed] this letter derives from šīn (ش‎) with an additional three dots below.)

In Egypt, this letter represents [ʒ], which can be a reduction of /d͡ʒ/, It is called gīm be talat noʾaṭ (جيم بتلات نقط "Gīm with three dots") there. In native words, the sound occurs as the voiced allophone of sh.[1] The /ʒ/ pronunciation is also proposed for South Arabian minority languages, like Mehri and Soqotri.

In Israel, where official announcements are often trilingual, this letter is used as the letter gīm on roadsigns to represent [ɡ], when transcribing Hebrew or foreign names of places, since Palestinian Arabic does not have a /g/ in its phonemic inventory. It has also been used as /g/ in Lebanon for transliteration such as "چامبيا" (Gambia)[2]

Character encodings

Character information
Preview چ
Unicode name ARABIC LETTER TCHEH
Encodings decimal hex
Unicode 1670 U+0686
UTF-8 218 134 DA 86
Numeric character reference چ چ
Character information
Preview ڜ
Unicode name ARABIC LETTER SEEN WITH THREE DOTS BELOW AND THREE DOTS ABOVE
Encodings decimal hex
Unicode 1692 U+069C
UTF-8 218 156 DA 9C
Numeric character reference ڜ ڜ

See also

References

  1. ^ Wikipedia contributors. "Egyptian Arabic phonology." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 20 Mar. 2022. Web. 5 Apr. 2022.
  2. ^ أطلس دول العالم الكبير Archived 2017-06-30 at the Wayback Machine


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